新概念英语一讲义.docx
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新概念英语一讲义
NewConceptEnglishBook1讲义
主讲:
DickLiu
Lesson1Excuseme!
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
一般疑问句:
用yes或no来回答的疑问句。
补充:
1.陈述句:
用来陈述事实或说话人看法的句子。
分:
肯定句和否定句。
eg:
Thisismybook.(肯定):
Thisisnot(isn't)mybook.(否定)
2.疑问句:
用来提出问题的句子。
分:
①一般疑问句②特殊疑问句③反意疑问句④选择疑问句
将肯定陈述句改为一般疑问句:
eg:
Thisisyourpen.(肯定句)
改成一般疑问句:
Isthisyourpen?
把系动词:
be(isamare)提前到句首。
肯定回答:
Yes,itis.否定回答:
No,itisn't.
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
1.Excuseme!
①.为了引起别人的注意;eg:
Excuseme!
Isthisyourhandbag(pen,book)?
②.向陌生人问路;eg:
Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellmethewaytothepostoffice?
③.问时间;eg:
Excuseme.Couldyoutellmethetime?
/Whattimeisit?
④.从别人身边挤过;eg:
Excuseme.Couldyoupleasemakesomeroomforme?
⑤.在宴席或会议中途离开一会儿;eg:
Excuseme.MayIleaveforalittlewhile?
⑥.借用他人东西;eg:
Excuseme.MayIuseyourpen?
⑦.打搅别人或打断别人说话;eg:
Excuseme,CouldIaskyouaquestion?
⑧.请求帮助。
eg:
Excuseme.Canyouhelpme?
2.Pleasetellme.
3.ThankGood!
4.Afteryou!
5.Pleaseexcusemeforbeinglate.
Lesson3Sorry,sir.
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
否定句:
在系动词be(isamare)后面+not
isnot=isn'tamnotarenot=aren't
eg:
Thisismycar.(肯)Thisisnot(isn't)mycar.
Thatisyourpen.(肯)Thatisnot(isn't)yourpen.
IamanEnglishteacher.(肯)IamnotanEnglishteacher.
Theyarestudents.(肯)Theyarenot(aren't)students.
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
①.Comein,Please!
②.I'mpleasedtomeetyou!
③.Comehere,please.④.Hereitis.
⑤.Hereyouare.⑥.Excuseme,Sir.
⑦.CanIhelpyou,Sir?
⑧.Igotoschoolbybuseveryday.
⑨.Pleasegivemeapen.
(双宾语动词)间接(人)直接(物)
改:
Pleasegiveapentome.
直接间接
Lesson5Nicetomeetyou
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
特殊疑问句:
(1)以疑问词what,who,when,which,why,where,whose,how(+adj/adv)等引导的问句,读降调↘。
构成:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(省去要回答的内容)+?
eg:
IsyournameTom?
改Whatisyourname?
↘
what:
用来询问型号、名字、工作、颜色、国籍等。
eg:
①.Whatmakeisthiscar?
②.Whatnationalityareyou?
③.Whatisyourjob?
④.Whatcolourisit?
⑤.Whatsizeisthisskirt?
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
eg:
①.That'sagoodidea.
②.Haveagoodtime.
③.SheisgoodatEnglish.
④.Honeyisgoodforyou.
⑤.Hownicetoseeyou!
⑥.Haveanicetime!
⑦.Glad(Nice)tomeetyou!
─Glad(Nice)tomeetyou,too!
⑧.正式场合初次见面:
Howdoyoudo?
─Howdoyoudo?
⑨.Let'smeettonight!
⑩.Areyouateacher,too?
Lesson7
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
1.特殊疑问句
(2)
What...?
①.what+一般疑问句(省去回答的内容)+?
eg:
Whatisthis?
Thisisabook.
②.what+n+一般疑问句+?
eg:
Whatnationalityareyou?
--I'mAmerican.
2.不定冠词:
a,an(第一次提到,泛指)
①.a:
用在读音以辅音音标开头(不是拼写)的单词前面。
eg:
apenabookauniversity
②.an:
用在读音以元音音标开头(不是拼写)的单词前面。
eg:
anappleanegganhouranhonestman
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
①.Iamverybusy.②.Whatisyour(family)name?
③.Whatnationalityareyou?
=Whereareyoufrom?
/Wheredoyoucomefrom?
④.What'syourjob?
=Whatdoyoudo?
/Whatareyou?
/Whatdoyoudofor
aliving?
⑤.Mynameis(name's)DickLiu./Iam(I'm)DickLiu.
⑥.口语中常见缩略形式:
肯定式:
Thereis=There'sThereare=There're
You're=YouareWe're=Wearethey're=theyare
It's=Itisshe's=sheishe's=heis
否定缩略形式:
theyarenot=theyaren't=they'renot
wearenot=wearen't=we'renotIamnot=I'mnot
sheisnot=sheisn't=she'snot
he(it)isnot=he(it)'snot=he(it)isn't
youarenot=youaren't=you'renot
thereisnot=there'snot=thereisn't
Lesson9Howareyoutoday?
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
1.How.....?
社交中的用法,表示“如何”的疑问句。
(1)询问健康状况或一般生活情况:
eg:
①.Howareyou?
②.Howareyoudoing?
③.Howisitgoing?
④.Howhaveyoubeen?
(2).--Howdoyoudo?
正式场合第一次见面!
--Howdoyoudo?
(3).询问目前状况的疑问句.
eg:
①.How'slife?
②.How'severything?
(4).用于其它特殊疑问句。
①.Howmany...?
(可数名词复数).eg:
Howmanybooksdoyouhave?
②Howmuch...?
(问价格或不可数名词)eg:
Howmuchisit?
③.Howlong...?
(问多久时间)eg:
HowlonghaveyoubeeninShenzhen?
④.Howoften...?
(问动作发生频率,多久一次)
eg:
Howoftendoyouplayfootball?
⑤.Howfar...?
(问距离多远)eg;Howfarisitfromyourhometotheschool?
⑥.Howsoon...?
(问多久将发生)eg:
Howsoonwillyoucomeback?
⑦.Howabout...?
(问...怎么样?
)=Whatabout...?
eg:
Howaboutacupoftea?
⑧.Howold...?
(问年龄)eg:
Howoldareyou?
─I'mtenyearsold.
⑨.Howheavyisthebaby?
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
①.Englishisspokenallovertheworldtoday.
②.Ihopeeverythingwillbewellwithyou.
③.Welldone!
④.How'syourwife?
--She'sfine,thankyou.
⑤.Isee.
⑥.Ilikeeatinghotfood.
⑦.She'sverybusynow.
Lesson11Itisthisyourshirt?
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
1.以疑问词whose引导的特殊疑问句。
(1).用来询问所有关系.(回答:
用形容词性物主代词及名词所有格)
whose+名词+is(are)+this(these)/that(those)+?
eg:
Whosebook(s)is(are)this(these)/that(those)+?
--Thisismybook.(=mine).
(2).Whose也可在句了中作表语。
eg:
Whoseisthis/thatbook?
--This/ThatisTom's.
2.名词所有格:
在名词后面加-'S,作定语,表语。
eg:
①.ThisisTim'spen.(定语)
②.Whosebagisthat?
--ThatisLisa's.(表语)
构成:
A.单数名词+'s.Tom'spen.
不规则复数名词+'stheChildren'sDay
B.规则可数名词+’thestudents'bags
3.单数/复数
种类、人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
hisherits
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
hishers
ours
yours
theirs
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
①.Truebluewillneverstain.(谚)
②.Everywhitehasitsblack,andeverysweethasitssour.
③.Icaughtabadcoldyesterday.
④.Likefather,likeson.(谚)
⑤.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.(谚)
⑥.Chineseismymothertougue.
Lesson13Anewdress
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
1.whatcolour...?
(询问什么颜色。
)
eg:
①.Whatcolourisyournewshirt?
--It'swhite.
②.Whstcolourisit?
─It'sblack.
2.祈使句:
表示请求、建议、要求、命令、叮嘱、催促、忠告等意义的句子,读降调↘。
(1)常省略主语you,谓语动词用原形,句末用“!
”或“."
eg:
①.Comehere(in),please!
②Stop(talking)!
③.Shutup!
④.Lookout!
⑤.Hurryup!
⑥.Keepoffthegrass!
(2)祈使动词还可以跟and和另一个祈使动词。
eg:
①.Comeandseethisgoldfish.
②.Goandbuyyourselfapen.
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
①.Comethisway,please.
②.Howareyoucomingnow?
③.Seeyouatthesametimetomrrow.
④.Yourpenisthesameasmine.
⑤.You'realovelygirl!
⑥.Loveme.lovemydog.(谚)
⑦.You'realuckydog.
⑧.Everydoghashisday.(谚)
⑨.It'srainingcatsanddogs.
⑩.Haveanicetime.
⑾.Letmehavealookatit!
Lesson15Yourpassportsplease
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
1.复数名词:
表示两个或两个以上概念时,要用名词的复数形式,例如:
Thesearetrees.这些是树
Thesearethreeglassesonthetable.桌子上有三只玻璃杯。
2.名词复数形式构成的规则变化
(1)一般的情况是在名词尾加“S”
清辅音后读“s".例如:
book-booksmap-mapslake-lakesdesk-desks
浊辅音后读“z"。
例如:
pen-penslesson-lessonstable-tablesbag-bags
元音后读“z”。
例如:
boy-boysplay-playsruler-rulersbanana-bananas
2.以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词加“es”读“iz"例如:
bus-busesbox-boxeswatch-watchesdish-dishessandwich-sandwicheschurch-churches
3.以f或fe结尾的名词多数变f或fe为v加es读“vz",少数不变,在词尾只加“s"读“s"例如:
knife-kniveslife-livesthief-thieveswife-wivesleaf-leaves
half-halvesself-selveswolf-wolvesshelf-shelves
4.以辅音加y结尾的名词变复数时,把y变为i加es读“z".
例如:
country-countriesfamily-familiesfactory-factories
city-citiesstory-storiesparty-partiesuniversity-universities
5.以元音加y结尾的名词变复数时,在词尾加s读"z"例如:
play-playsboy-boysray-raystoy-toysguy-guysday-days
6.以辅音加o结尾的名词变复数时在句尾加es读“z”例如:
(一般为有生命)
tomato-tomatoespotato-potatoeshero-heroesnegro-neroes
7.以o结尾的外来语名词变复数时在词尾加s读“z”例如:
(一般为无生命)
radio-radiospiano-pianosphoto-photoskilo-kilosstudio-studios
注意:
有些外来语没有复数形式,例如:
fen(分)mu(亩)jin(斤)li里
roof变复数时则为roofscliff-cliffssafe-safes
有时以o结尾的名词有两种形式:
volcano-volcanos-volcanoes(火山)zero-zeros-zeroes(零)
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
①.Tonyhasasmartgirlfriend.
②.Lilyhasahandsomeboyfriend.
③.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.(谚)
④.I'dliketomakefriendswithyou.
⑤.Tinaisfriendlytome.
Lesson17Howdoyoudo?
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
1.名词复数形式构成的不规则变化
1.英语中有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,要逐个记住,常见的不规则名词复数如下:
(改变内部元音字母)
man-men(男人)woman-women(女人)gooes-geese(鹅)
foot-feet(脚)tooth-teeth(牙齿)mouse-mice(老鼠)
child-children(儿童)
2.表示国家的名词的复数:
Englishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-frenchmenChinese-Chinese
Japanese-JapaneseAmerican-AmericansGerman-Germans
注意:
表示某国人的专有名词的单数变化的规律为:
英法变化a变e,中日不变总一致,其余一律加s.
3.复合名词的复数形式有三种:
(1).gentleman-gentlemen(绅士)policeman-policemen(警察)
afternoon-afternoons(下午)breakfast-breakfasts(早饭)
(2).将构成复合词的主要词(中心词)变成复数形式.例如:
looker-on-lookers-on(旁观者)passer-by-passers-by(过路人)
英国人的称号复数形式为:
thetwoMr.Smiths两位史密斯兄弟。
(3).将构成复合词的两个部分变成复数形式。
这种复合名词的第一个词必须是man或woman。
例如:
mandoctor-mendoctors(男医生)womanteacher-womenteachers(女教师)
womansinger-womensingers(女歌手)mancook-mencooks(男厨师)
boy\girl当修饰成分的时候,其本身不变复数。
例如:
boyfriend--boyfriends
girlfriend--girlfriendspenfriend--penfriends
Ⅱ.人称代词主格
主格人称代词在句中做主语是为避免重复,具体有:
数
单数
复数
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
主格
I
you
he\she\it
we
you
they
例如:
XiaoLiismygoodfriend.Sheisverynice.
Ⅲ.who引导的特殊疑问句
此类疑问句可以对主语进行提问。
例如:
①.Whobrokethewindow?
(对主语提问)谁打破了窗户?
LiMingdid.李明打破的
②.Whoareyou?
I'mDickLiu.或I'manEnglishteacher.
注意:
区分what引导的特殊疑问句,它是问人的职业。
例如:
Whatareyou?
I'mateacher.
Lesson19Tiredandthirsty
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
1.Therebe句型构成:
(1)Therebe...表示某处有或存在某个(些)不确定的人或物。
常与介词短语连用,说明范围或地点场所。
Thereis+n.(可数单数名词或不可数名词)+介词短语(作状语)
Thereare+n.(可数复数名词)+介词短语(作状语)
常用介词:
in在...里面:
inthebox/room/office.
on在...上面:
onthedesk/floor.
eg:
①.Thereisapeninthebox.
②.Thereissomewaterinthebottle.
③.Therearetenstudentsintheclassroom.
④.Therearetwobooksonthedesk.
(2).否定句与疑问句。
如果一个句子中有be的形式存在,疑问或否定形式都在,be本身变化。
疑问句:
把系动词be提前放句首;否定句在系动词be后面+not.
eg:
①.Isthereapeninthebox?
-Yes,thereis.No,thereisn't.
②.Thereisnot(isn't)apeninthebox.
2.系动词be根据不同人称和数相应变化。
人称代词和物体的数
I
he/she/it
they/we/you
单数名词
不可数名词
复数名词
系动词be
am
is
are
is
is
are
Ⅱ.EverydayEnglish
①.What'sthematterwithyou?
(Tom)=(What'swrongwithyou?
)
②.Itdoesn'tmatter.③.I'mtiredofyourwords.
④.Areyouallright?
⑤.That'sallright.
⑥.Openyourbookandturntopagetwenty-one.
⑦.Shutup!
⑧.It'stooheavyformetolift.
⑨.Alldaylongtheyworkintheoffice.
Lesson21Whichbook?
Ⅰ.Grammarinuse
1.人称代词
代词:
用来代替名词或名词短语的词,人称代词:
主格和宾格之分
数
单数
复数
格
主格
be动词
宾格
主格
be动词
宾格
人称
第一人称
I