新视野视听说教程4听力文本及答案docx.docx

新视野视听说教程4听力文本及答案docx.docx

《新视野视听说教程4听力文本及答案docx.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新视野视听说教程4听力文本及答案docx.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

新视野视听说教程4听力文本及答案docx

Task2:

BigJohniscoming!

AbarownerintheOldWesthasjusthiredatimidbartende匸This（SI）owneroftheestablishmentisgivinghisnewhiresomeinstructionson（S2）runningtheplace・Hetellsthetimidman,“IfyoueverhearthatBigJohniscomingtotown,（S3）dropeverythingandrunforthehills!

He，sthebiggest,nastiest（S4）outlawwho'severlived!

"

Afewweekspass（S5）uneventfully.Butoneafternoon,alocalcowhandcomesrunningthroughtown（S6）yelling,“BigJohniscoming!

Runforyour（S7）lives!

"Whenthebartenderleavesthebartostartrunning,heisknockedtothegroundbyseveraltownspeoplerushingoutoftown.（S8）Ashe'spickinghimselfup,heseesalargeman,almostsevenfeettalkHe'smuscular,andisgrowingasheapproachesthebar.

Hestepsuptothedoor,ordersthepoorbarkeepinside,anddemands,“IwantabeerNOW!

，，

Hestrikeshisheavyfistonthebar,splittingitinhalf.（S9）Thebartendernervouslyhandsthebigmanabeer,handsshaking.Hetakesthebeer,bitesthetopofthebottleoff,anddownsthebeerinonegulp.

Astheterrifiedbartenderhidesbehindthebar,thebigmangetsuptoleave,"Doyouwantanotherbeer?

"thebartenderasksinatremblingvoice・

"Dangit,IdorTthavetime!

”thebigmanyells,（S10）“Igottogetoutoftown!

Don，tyouhearBigJohniscoming?

"

Task3:

AViewofHappiness

Dr.Smithhasproposedareasonable,ifperhapssomewhatoversimplifies,viewofhappiness・Accordingtohistheory,happinessmightbedescribedasastateofbalance.Andwhenhumanorcertainanimalsachievethatbalance,theytendtoremaininthatconditioninordertorepeatthehappyfeeling.

Toillustratethis,wemaystudytheactionoftwomagnets.Whentheirpositiveandnegativepolesmeet,theyarecomfortablyjoined,andtheyremainthere.Inotherwords,theyhaveattainedabalanceorstateofhappiness.Ifontheotherhand,oneofthepolesisreversed,andpositivepoleispressesagainstpositivepole,thereisresistance,instability,imbalanceastateofunhappiness・

Animalswithsomedegreeofintelligenceseemtofindhappinessinreinforcement.Oncetheyhavegainedoneormoreoftheirgoalssuchasfood,andwater,theylearntorepeattheactionsthatledtosatisfactionofthosegoals.Thisrepetitionorreinforcementproducesastateofbalanceorsenseofhappiness・

Accordingtothistheory,onlyanimalswithasignificantcapacitytolearnshouldbeabletoexperiencehappiness.Butintruthlearningcantakeplacethroughsurprisinglysimpleshort-termactionsuchasscratchinganitch,followedbypleasure,followedbymorescratching,andsoon.Thuslearningcanoccurwithalmostnoconsciousthought.

Forhumanbeings,blessedwiththeabilitytoreason,goalsarenotlimitedtotheshort-termsatisfactionofneeds.Indeed,thereisastronglinkbetweenhappinessandthefulfillmentoflong-termgoals.Evenifhumanstriveforgoalsthataremore

complexandlonger-termthantheanimals9goals,oncethosegoalsaregained,happinessisreinforced.

Task2:

TheVoiceLift

Aftertheface-lift,theforeheadtightened,andthe（SI）nosejob,somethingstillmightberevealingyourage:

your（S2）voice.

Forpatientswhothinktheirtrembly,hoarsewordsdon't（S3）matchtheirnewlyfaceandfigure,there5saprocedurethatclaimstomakethem（S4）soundyoungertoo:

thevoicelift.

Therearetwogeneralkindsofvoicelifts.Insomecases,implants（S5）insertedthroughanincisioninthe（S6）neckbringthevocalcordsclosertogether.Doctorsalsouseinjectionsof（S7）fatorothersubstancestoplumpupthecords,sothatthevoicesoundsyounge匚

（S8）Thevoiceliftisbecomingmorewidelyknownamonganagingpopulationwhotrytomakethemselvessoundyounger.

“Ispeakinagreatdeal,orIwasshouting,onaparticularday,attheendoftheday,Iwouldfeelexhausted,saidRobertBrown,75,（S9）aretiredconstructionengineerwhounderwentthevoiceliftseveralyearsag（x“Idon，tknowifIsoundyounger,butthehoarsenessisgone,whichissuchagreatimprovement：

（S10）VoiceliftcanalsobenefitpeoplelikeperfomieFS,lawyers,teachers,andtelephoneoperatorswhoneedtohaveastrongvoiceandhopetoshaveyearsoffthesoundoftheirvoice・

Task3:

AViewofHappiness

Menareturningtoplasticsurgeryandcosmeticprocedurestobrightenuptheirappearancesatafasterratethanwomen,accordingtoasurveyreleasedonWednesday.

Men'suseoffatinjectionstosoftendeepwrinklesleaped47percentlastyearfromthepreviousyear.Women'suseoftheinjectionsfell36percent,accordingtoasurveybytheAmericanAcademyofFacialandPlasticReconstructiveSurgeons.

Men'suseofbotoxinjectionstoeliminatefrownlinesrose88percent,whilewomerfsbotoxusefell8percent.

Andforsmoothingskin,theuseoflaserresurfacingamongmenrose13percent,thesurveyshowed.Meanwhile,womerfsuseoflaserresurfacingdropped38percentduringthesametimeperiod・

Thenumberofmengettingnosejobsrose47percent,whilethenumberofwomendoingsorose5percent・

Typically,menandwomenvisitingplasticsurgeonsforcosmeticreasonswereage40to59.

Thestudysaid44percentofmenand57percentofwomentelltheirdoctorthatlookingyoungeristhereasontheyarechoosingcosmeticsurgery.

Byabout18percent,menaremorelikelythanwomentosaytheywantfacialcosmeticsurgeryforwork-relatedreasons.

ThestudywasconductedbywrittenquestionnairesfromJanuary20toMarch3amongmorethan2,600membersoftheassociation,whofocusontreatmentoftheface,head,andneck.

Bycomparison,inthepreviousyear,womensuseofbotoxrose60percentwhilemen，sfell14percent;women'suseoflaserresurfacingrose13percentwhilemen'sfell19percent;women'suseoffatinjectionsfell17percentandmen'sfell54percent.

Task2:

FloodinginHaitiandtheDominicanRepublic

Thedeathtoocontinuesto（SI）climbfromlastweek'sfloodinginHaitiandtheDominicanRepublic・TheU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment（S2）reportsthatatleast1,068peoplearedead,1,600are（S3）missing,and25,000areinneedofemergencyfoodandotherformsof（S4）assistance.InDominicanRepublic,414aredeadand274aremissing,allfromthetownofJimani.

Akey（S5）factorinthewidespreaddestructionistheextensivedeforestationandthe（S6）presenceofsettlementsalongthefloodplainsofrivers.

Thefloodingwasdrivenbyintenserainfall.Alow-pressuresystem（S7）originatinginCentralAmericabroughtexceptionallyheavyrainandthunderstormstoHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicfromMay18to25.（S8）Rainfallexceeded500mm（of19.7inches）alongtheborderareasofHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicduringthatperiod.AtthetownofJimani,DominicanRepublic,250mm（or10inches）ofrainfellinjust24hours,causingtheSolieRivertooverflowitsbanksfromMay24to25.Theheavyrainfallresultedinflashfloodingandextensivedebrisflowedovertheentireregion.Swollenriversanddebriscutoffmanyoftheroadstraversingtheareaalongthebaseofthemountains.（S9）Thismadeitdifficultforhumanitarianreliefworkertorescuestrandedpeopleanddeliverbadly.

Nowpeoplewanttoknow:

Howoftendofloodsandrelatedlandmassmovementalso

causedlandsidesinafewplaces.（SlO）AnalysisofthepastdateshowsthatmajorfloodsintheDominicanRepublicandHaitiarenowaneaoannualevent.Since1986,twelvelethaleventshaveoccurredontheisland.

Task3:

ABlizzard

Ablizzardisaseverweatherconditioncharacterizedbylowtemperaturesandstrongwinds,greaterthan15milesperhour,bearingagreatamountofsnow.

Becausethefactorsforclassifyingwinterstormsarecomplex,therearemanydifferentdefinitionsofwhatablizzardtrulyis.Butitisgenerallyagreedthatinordertobeclassifiedasablizzard,asopposedtomerelyawinterstorm,theweathermustmeetseveralconditions・Thestormmustdecreasevisibilitytoaquarterofamileforthreehoursrunning.Includesnoworiceasprecipitation,andhavewindspeedofatleast32milesperhour,whichmeansForce7ormoreontheWindScale・

Anotherstandard,accordingtoEnvironmentCanada,isthatthewinterstormmusthavewindsof40kilometersperhourormi=ore,plentyofsnow,visibilitylessthan1kilometer,atemperatureoflessthan・25degreesCelsius,andalloftheseconditionsmustlastfor4hoursormore,beforethestormcanproperlybecalledablizzard.

Whenalltheseconditionscontinueaftersnowhasstoppedfalling,thestormisreferredtoasagroundblizzard・

Anextensiveformofblizzardisawhiteout,whenthedowndrafts,togetherwithsnowfall,becomesoseverthatitisimpossibletodistinguishthegroundfromtheair.Peoplecaughtinawhiteoutcanquicklybecomedisoriented,losingtheirsenseofupanddownaswellastheirsenseofdirection.Severeblizzardcanalsooccuralongwith

arcticcyclones.

Task2:

SOHO

Themodernconceptofsmallofficeandhomeoffice,orsmallandhomeoffice,often（SI）shortedtoSOHO,isconcernedwithbusinessthatemployfromonetotenworkers・Also（S2）knownasavirtualbusiness,theSOHOhasnotevolvedbeyondtheideaofan（S3）independentbusinesspersonwhohasafewsupportstallmembers.

Business（S4）enterprisesthatarelargeareoftencalledSmallandMedium-sizedEnterprises.

Beforethe19thcenturyandthe（S5）spreadoftheindustrialrevolutionaroundtheglobe,（S6）nearlyallofficesweresmallofficesorhomeoffices,withonlyafewexceptions.Mostbusinessesweresmall,and（S7）sowastheamountofpaperworkthatwentwiththeirbusinessactivities・

Attheendofthe20thcenturyandthebeginningofthe21st,theterm"Smallor