英语四级听力考试试题第二套Word格式文档下载.docx

英语四级听力考试试题第二套Word格式文档下载.docx

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Youprobablythinkcollegestudentsareexpertsatsleeping,butparties,preparationsfortest,personalproblemsandgeneralstresscanragastudent’ssleephabitswhichcanbebadforthebodyandforthemind.TexasTechUniversityisevenofferingaclasscalledimprovingyoursleephabits.Peoplesufferingfromsleeplossareatanincreasedriskfromobesity,psychologicalproblemsandcarcrashes.Studentswhodon’tgetenoughsleephavepoorattendanceandlowergrades.Ontopofallthat,anewstudypublishedinthejournalLearningandMemoryfindsyouareprobablybetteroffsleepingthanmakinglast-minutepreparationsforatest.Twohundredcollegekidsweretalkedtoplaysomeunfamiliarvideogames.Subjectswholearnedthegamesinthemorninglostsomeskillswhentheyplayedagain12hourslater.Buttheydidmuchbetteraftergettingagoodnightsleep.Soifyoureallywanttodoyourjobwell,don’tforgettogetsomesleep.

NewsReportTwo

Longqueues,delayedflightsandover-crowingatairportshavebecomealmostasmuchatopicforconversationinBritain,asthetraditionalcomplainingabouttheweather.Meanwhile,therearecomplainsthatthepoorserviceatLondon’smajorairportsisdiscouragingforeignersfromdoingbusinessinBritain.MuchofthecriticismisdirectedattheBritishAirportAuthority,whichrunssevenmajorairports,includingthethreemainonesservingLondon.ThecompetitioncommissionisnowtoinvestigatewhethertheBritishAirportAuthorityneedstoselloffsomeofitsassets.Theideaisthecompetitionbetweenrivaloperatorswouldleadtobetterserviceatairports.TheBritishAirportAuthority,recentlyboughtbyaSpanishcompany,saystherootcauseoftheproblemisnottheownershipstructure,butalackofrunwayandterminalcapacity,whichisaddressingthroughaprogramofheavyinvestment.

NewsReportThree

Underthelaw 

inMassachusetts,tobaccocompanieshavetomeasurethenicotinecontentofeverytypeofcigaretteandreporttheresults.TheDepartmentofPublicHealthinBostongathersandcarefullyexaminesthefiguresand 

thendrawsitsconclusions.Ahundredandsixteen 

brands 

werelookedatforthestudy.Ninetytwowerefoundtohavehighernicotine 

yields 

thantheydidsixyearspreviously.Thebiggestincreasestendedtobein 

thatwerepopularwithyoungsmokers.Thatworriesthedepartmentbecauseof 

theaddictednature 

ofnicotine.StendalGlanz,aprofessorofmedicineinSanFrancisco,explainswhy,“Theamountofnicotinethatisdeliveredineverycigaretteistenpercenthigherthanitwassixyearsago,whichmeansthatiseasier 

togethooked 

andharder 

toquit.Thebigtobaccocompanieshavealwaysinsistedthattheyare 

frank 

withtheircustomersaboutthedangersofsmokingandprovidethemwithenough 

detail 

tomakeaninformeddecision.However,noneofthemwerepreparedtocommentonthisstudyordiscussthedetailednicotinecontentoftheirproducts.”

SectionB

ConversationOne

M:

AndyouknowonethingthatIwanttoaskyou,itisgreatlyyouhavehappyexperiencesofteachinginIndonesiaandfollowinguponwhatyouhavejustmentioned.WhatwouldyoutorecommendforstudentswhodonotliveinEnglishspeakingcountry?

Andyouknow,theywanttolearn.Idon’tknowaboutperfectingbuttheywantatleasttobeabletocommunicatedecently.Howcanwegoaboutthis?

W:

Yeah,itisreallyhard.That’stherealstrugglebecauserightnowIdoliveinHollandbutIreallydon’tsocializemuchwithDutchpeople.Andmyboyfriend’sEnglishissogoodthatwejustbasicallyspeakEnglishallthetime.SoIhavetomakearealefforttopractice.ThereisasmuchlisteningexposureasIwant.AllIhavetodoisturningontheTV.

Andreadingalso,right?

Yeah,reading.ThereisplentyIcangettoreadandlistento.Butforspeaking,therereallyisnosubstitutefortryingtospeakandusethelanguageinarelaxedatmosphere.SoIthinkthat’sreallythechallengeforpeoplewholiveinacountrywheretheirtargetlanguageisn’tspoken.Andforthat,gosh,whatwouldIdo?

IfIdidn’thavepeoplehere,probably…trytofindaclub?

InSweden,theyhaveareallycoolsystemcalledstudycircles,wellit’snot.It’slikeacourse,butreallyyoujusthaveacourseleader,whoistheresortofasacoachingguideandtohelpout.Andyoudon’tgetgrades,andyougojustbecauseyouwanttolearn.

ConversationTwo

OK,Nathan,sowe’retalkingaboutdriving.Andarethereanyrulesorregulationsthatyou’dliketochange?

I’mnotsureIwanttochangerules,butI’dlikethepolicetobestrictontherules.Like,ifpeoplejumpthetrafficlights,Idon’tknowwhythereisn’tacameraonthetrafficlightstostoppeopledoingthat.Orlikespeeding,itisveryeasytoputspeedcamerasinsomeplaces.　　

Maybecarmanufacturersshouldhavesomeresponsibilityinlimitingthepoweroftheirengines.What’sthepointinproducingtheenginesthatisbigandpowerfulenoughtogolike200kilometers/hwhenthespeedlimitisonly100.　　

Right.Butdoyouknow…therearenospeedlimitsinGermany.　　

Peopletheredodriveresponsiblythough.Often,peoplebreaklawssimplybecausethelawsarethere.Ifthelawisn’tthere,peoplewilldrivewithintheirabilityrange.Whenyou’vegotspeedlimits,thiscreatessituationsthatactuallypresentdangersontheroad.

DoyouthinkGermanshavebettereducationaboutthepersonalresponsibilitywhendriving?

Possibly.Theyalsohaveverygoodcars.　　

Right.　　

Ifyou’vegotagoodcarthatcangoatahighspeed,thenit’sreallynicetodothat.　

Butstillwithcare.　

SoIthinkit’stherestrictionsthatcreatethedangerssometimes

OK　　

Obviously,whendrivingthroughresidentialareasorwherethereisaschool,you’vegottohavespeedpoliceman.　　

Speedbumps　　

Yes,speedbumps,thosespeed-bumpsthatforceyoutoslowdown.Ithinkthat’sagoodidea.　　

Soyoudon’tthinkfiningpeopleisuseful?

Notreally,becausethepolicedon’thavetimetopoliceeverysingledriver.

SectionC

PassageOne

BehindthecardsregisteratastoreindowntownSanFrancisco,SamAzarswipedhiscreditcardtopayforapackofcigarettes.Thestore’scardreaderfailedtoscanthecard’sman-madestripe.Azartriedagainandagain.Noluck.Ascustomersbegantoqueue,Mr.Azarreachedbeneaththecounterforablackplasticbag.Hewrappedonelayeroftheplasticaroundthecardandtriedagain.Success,thesalewascompleted.“Idon’tknowhowitworks,itjustdoes,”saidMr.Azarwholearnedthetrickfromanotherclerk.Therefore,thecompanythatmakesthestore’scardreaderwouldnotconfirmordenythatplasticbagtrickworked.Butit’soneofmanylow-techfixesforhigh-techfailuresthatpeoplewithoutengineeringdegreeshavediscoveredoftenoutofdesperationandshared.Today’sshakyeconomyislikelytoproducemanymoresuchtricks.“InpostwarJapan,theeconomywasn’tdoingsogreat,soyoucouldn’tgeteverydayuseitemslikehouseholdcleaners,”saysLisaKhayyam,authorofYowaza,abooknamedaftertheJapanesetermforcleverlifestyletipsandtricks.Sopeoplelookforwaystodowithwhattheyhad.Today,Americansarefindingtheirowntipsandtricksforfixingmalfunctioningdeviceswithsuppliesassimpleaspaperandglue.Some,likeMr.Azar’splasticbag,areopentoargumentsastohowtheywork,orwhethertheyreallyworkatall.Butmanytech-homeremediescanbeexplainedbyalittlescience.

PassageTwo

Ifyouareagraduatestudent,youmaydependonyouradviserformanythings，includinghelpwithimprovinggrades,acquiringfinancialsupport,formingandexaminingcommitteeandgettinglettersofrecommendation.Ifyouareagraduateteachingassistant,youradviseralsomaybeyourboss.Academicdepartmentsvaryinthatproceduresforassigningacademicadviserstograduatestudents.Insomedepartments,eitherthechairmanorthedirectorofgraduatestudiesservesforatleastthefirstsemesterasanewstudentadviser.Thenthestudentsselectanadviserbasedonsharedacademicinterests.Inotherdepartments,anewstudentisassignedafacultyadviserbasedonsomesystemsofdistributionofdepartmentsadvisingload.Later,studentsmayhavetheopportunityofselectingadviserthattheyprefer.Inanycase,newgraduatestudentscanlearnwhotheiradvisersortemporaryadvisersarebyvisitingoremailingthedepartmentalofficeandaskingfortheinformation.Graduationrequirementsspecifythenumberofcreditsyoumustearn,theminimumgradepointaverageyoumustachieveandthedistributionofcreditsyoumusthaveforamongdifferingdepartmentsorfieldsofstudy.Inaddition,itisnecessarytoapplyforgraduation,whenyouarenearthetimethatyouwillbecompletingyourgraduationrequirements.Sincegraduationrequirementsvaryamongdivisionsamongtheuniversity,youshouldconsulttheBulletinofinformation.Youshouldalsodirectyourquestionstoyourdepartmentalofficeoracademicadviser.

PassageThree

JodyHebertisadietandnutritionexpertwhotravelsaroundthestatetospeakinmiddleandhighschools.Sheprimarilyspeakstostudentsinhealthclasses,butsometimestheschoolwillarrangeforhertospeaktoseveraldifferentgroupsofgirls.HerbiggestconcernistheemphasisAmericancultureplacesonthinnessandthenegativewaysthatthisaffectsgirlstoday.JodyhasaPh.Dinnutrition,butmoreimportant,shehaspersonalexperience.Hermothertoldhertodietwhenshewasonly8yearsold.Jodyhascreatedseveraldifferentpresentationswhichshegivestodifferenttypesofaudiences,ands