考博英语语法重点总结Word下载.docx
《考博英语语法重点总结Word下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考博英语语法重点总结Word下载.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
director.
Then
use
rest
time,
perhaps
night
on
weekends,
__9__
really
want
do.
8.
is
be
二、虚拟语气
（should）+动词原形
+be动词+形容词（-able）（essential,
odd,
vital,
absurd,
regrettable,
desirable…）+that从句
+be动词+名词（pity,shame…）+that从句
+be动词+过去分词（ordered,
begged,
voted,
moved…）+that从句
部分名词/动词（表示建议，劝告，决定等）
+that从句
It’s
（high,
about）
time
that
+动词过去式
rather
（1997）
…
wouldn’t
be
truthful
if
say
teaching
hard
work
.
…
47.
did
don’t
didn’t
（1993）…The
Cairo
newspapers
next
day
carried
banner
headlines
about
student
demonstration
52
and
they
53
professor
sent
home.
53.
ordered
pleaded
demanded
Years
ago
experts
warned
us
car-ownership
explosion
demand
lot
more
give-and-take
all
road
users.
high
we__15__
this
message
heart.
15.
took
take
will
should
take
（2003.3）
edifying,
it
source
inner
satisfaction
even
__54__
other
facets
life
prove
disappointing.
（even
disappointing.）
54.A.
shall
B.will
C.would
D.should
三、非谓语动词
动名词、分词、不定式。
主动或被动。
（doing/done,
/to
done）
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。
（doing/
done
/having
done,
do/to
have
been）
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。
真题剖析
（2000）
In
cities
America,
regularly
report
newborn
babies
60
into
garbage
bins
by
drug-addicted
mothers.
60.
dropped
drop
dropping
D.drops
（2001.3）
A
heroin
addict,
for
instance,
leads
59
life:
increasing
in
doses
prevents
him
working,
maintaining
relationships,
developing
human
ways.
59.
destructive
dissatisfied
damaged
derivative
四、主谓一致
整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。
How
got
there
doesn’t
concern
me.
Growing
vegetables
needs
constant
watering.
表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。
Eight
hundred
dollars
enough
live
on.
以-s结尾的专有名词（linguistics,
economics,
measles,
diabetes等），谓语通常用单数形式。
“分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。
Two
thirds
villages
flooded
（the
area
under
water）.
5.
不定代词（one,
each,
everyone,
everybody,
everything,
one,
nobody,
nothing,
anyone,
anybody,
anything,
someone,
somebody,
something等）作主语，谓语用单数。
Everyone
knows
you’ve
come
here.
If
anybody
wants
see
me,
let
them
wait
till
back.
（--thing
的情况例外）
6.
谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致（as
well
as,
with,
along
together
as
much
accompanied
by,
besides,
but,
except,
addition
to,
like,
than,
less
including等）
He
than
John
interested
literature.
7.
谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。
（or,
either…or,
neither…nor,
not
only…but
also,
not…but,
partly…partly等）
Either
my
father
brothers
coming.
each,every,many
a,
…+主语，谓语用单数。
Many
teacher
has
Great
Wall.
…Mexico
City
already
twenty
million
people
Calcutta
twelve
million.
According
World
Bank,
Africa’s
growing
10%
year,
54
urbanization
ever
recorded.
none
few
any
some
五、倒装
（一）全部倒装
“There
（Here）
+be+主语”
There
stand
big
buildings
district.
Here
desk
lies
pile
books.
单个副词（in,
out,
now,
up,
down,
away,
off,
then）位于句首（短语动词不可拆，如it
blew
up.）
came
boss.
/
Ahead
sat
an
old
man.
介词短语作状语位于句首
middle
room
stood
naughty
boy.
表语位于句首
Especially
remarkable
was
flat
nose.
Not
far
here
famous
university.
so,nor,
neither,
位于句首,代表前文
She
wasn’t
angry,
neither
I.
Peter
like
pop
music.
No
does
brother.
分词短语位于句首（分词+be
+主语）
Gone
forever
were
days
we
depended
foreign
oil.
（二）部分倒装
疑问句
否定副词（seldom,
rarely,
scarcely,
hardly,
little,
never,
few,
until,
only）
位于句首（作形容词时例外）
Never
speak
rudely
parents.
“only+状语”位于句首
Only
when
comes
back
can
leave.
“hardly…when”,
“scarcely…when”,
“no
sooner…than”,
“not
only…（but
also）”
位于句首
sooner
had
classroom
class
began.
not,no组成的词组位于句首（in
way,
circumstances,
account…）
By
means
break
rules.
At
give
difficulties.
虚拟倒装（had,
were,
should放到句首）
“形容词/名词/动词+as/though（尽管,虽然）+be动词”
Small
though
is,
hold
people.
Search
would,
could
find
nothing
house.
Faster
before,
becoming
urban
world.
millions
come,
ambitious
down-trodden
drawn
strange
magnetism
.
46.
way
people
限定词的用法
Both,
either,
（只指两个）
All,
every,
some,
any,
（指两个以上）
Some,
more,
（the）
most,
all,
lot,
lots,
enough,
（复数可数或不可数）
Much,
（a）
good/great
deal,
less,
least
（不可数）
eg.
“Got
money?
”
“None
all.”
“Does
either
side
street
get
sun
other?
“No,
sunnier
other.”
从句为考察重点
（1999）
…The
answers
given
200
women
those
intimate
open-ended
questions
made
me
realize
51
wrong
related
education
then
believed
be.
51.
（1998）
They
learned
their
farming
habits
climate
soil.
selected
fourth
Thursday
November
Thanksgiving
invited
neighbors,
…
52.
While
When
So
（1993）
United
States
commentator
remarked
Japan
apparently
still
used
“primitive
tools”,
Japanese
expressed
astonishment
American
pens
wrote
so
poorly
safely
only
once
discarded.
while
omitting
subject
Rather
formal
use
让步状语从句以
although,
though,
while,
whilst
开头时通常与主句共享主语,
从句谓语用分词形式。
Whilst
liked
cats,
never
liking
Both
journalists,
greeted
heroes
return
prison,
long
afterwards
quietly
disappeared
newspapers.
这四个词还可用在名词、形容词或副词词组前，如：
unequal
marriage,
although
stable
long-lasting
one.
Though
very
attractive
physically,
she
possessed
sense
humour.
WHILE
stayed
Dad
talked
Dr.
Smith.
often
knit
watching
TV.
sympathy
these
fellows,
think
went
too
far.
AND
link
clauses
1922
since.
giving
advice
warning,
“and”
happen
something
done.
Go
train
you’ll
quicker.
you’re
told
right.
WHERE
standing
exactly
where
now.
2.In
1963
moved
Boston,
grandparents
lived.
3.The
treatment
continue
until
patient
reaches
point
walk
correctly
safely.
4.You
saying
everyone
equal,
disagree.
5.Now,
we?
Oh
yes,
talking
John.
6.Where
others
might
satisfied,
Dawson
higher
ambitions.
（difference）
WHICH
（本身无意义，必须接在名词或代词后面）
1.定语从句引导词
Did
letter
today?
Now
driving
houses
Andy
described.
2.分割句子，补充说明
The
house,
completed
1856,
its
huge
marble
staircase.
educated
local
grammar
school,
after
Cambridge.
may
missed
train,
case
won’t
arrive
another
hour.
THAT
多用于同位语从句和－thing的定语从句中。
WHAT
（有实际意义，可用于宾语从句和主语从句）
one
happened.
2.It
clear
extent
views
shared.
3.I
job
that’s
want.
What
kid
love
affection.
matters
British
jobs.
AS
1.比较
His
last
album
sold
half
copies
hope
just
popular./
peace
2.作为，正如…
We’d
better
leave
things
police
arrive.
David,
know,
lately.
3.看作，看待
result
week’s
election
seen
victory.
4.当…时候=
saw
getting
off
bus.
5.原因
late,
turned
around
start
6.让步=
Try
might,
Sue
couldn’t
door
open.
bag
narrow
straps,
worn
over
shoulder
hand.
I’d
trouble
kept
mum.
meal
finished,
Rachel
washed
up
coffee.
learnt
French,
but
denied
（=not
given）
opportunity.
opportunity
（to）
school.
prestige
teacher.
prest
升级会员 