包装学英文复习资料Word文档格式.docx

包装学英文复习资料Word文档格式.docx

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vTheprogressionofpackagingdemandisinfluencedbyawiderangeoffactors；

vTheeconomyplaysacentralroleininfluencingthesizeandgrowthofthemarket;

vOtherfactorswhichcanbeseenashavingadirectorindirectinfluenceonpackagingdemand:

Theageingoftheworldpopulation;

Thetrendtowardssmallerhouseholds;

Theincreasingrequirementforconvenienceamongconsumers;

Risinghealthawarenessamongconsumers;

Thetrendtowards'

on-the-go'

lifestylesamongincreasinglytime-poorconsumers;

Growingrequirementsforbrandenhancement/differentiationinanincreasinglycompetitiveenvironment;

Newpackagingmaterialdevelopment;

Increasingawarenessofenvironmentalissues,andtheadoptionofnewregulatoryrequirementsonpackagingrecycling.

Lesson2

1、工业革命定义：

vTheI.R.startedinEnglandinabout1700andspreadrapidlythroughEuropeandNorthAmerica.

vTheI.R.transformsapeoplewithpeasantoccupations农民职业andlocalmarketsintoanindustrialsocietywithworld-wideconnections

2、工业革命的特点：

vRuralagriculturalworkersmigratedintocities,whereemployedinfactories.

vFactoryworkersneededcommoditiesandfood,previouslyproducedlargelyathome.

vInexpensivemass-producedgoodsavailabletoalargesegmentofthepopulation;

theconsumersocietyborn.

vManynewshopsandstoresopenedtoselltothenewlyevolvingworkingclass

3、世界包装组织是：

TheWorldPackagingOrganizationisanon-profit,non-governmental,internationalfederationofnationalpackaginginstitutesandassociations,regionalpackagingfederationsandotherinterestedpartiesincludingcorporationsandtradeassociations.

4、现代世界需要包装的两大原因：

vtoprovidefoodandotherconsumptiongoodsforallpeoplearoundtheworld

vtofacilitateaglobalfreetrade促进全球自由贸易

lesson3

1、仓库保有库存贵的原因：

vThestockitselfisexpensiveandmightnotsellorcouldbecomeobsolete..

vWarehousesanddistributioncentresgenerallyareexpensivetobuild,operateandmaintain.

vVehiclestotransportgoodsbetweenwarehousesandshopsareexpensive,intermsofbothcapitalandrunningcosts.

Thus,thereisacostimperativetomakingsurethatlogisticsiscarriedouteffectivelyandefficiently,throughthemostappropriateallocationofresourcesalongthesupplychain.

2、现在物流管理的重要因素：

Managingthelogisticsmixinanintegratedretailsupplychain,whileaimingtobalancecostandservicerequirements,istheessentialelementoflogisticsmanagement.

3、零售物流的本质：

vToday,retailersaretheactivedesignersandcontrollersofproductsupplyinreactiontoknowncustomerdemand.

vTheycontrol,organizeandmanagethesupplychainfromproductiontoconsumption.Thisistheessence本质oftheretaillogisticsandsupplychaintransformationthathastakenplace.

4、零售物流变化的六大趋势：

vIncreasedcontroloversecondarydistribution增加二次分配控制

vRestructuredlogisticalsystems重组后的物流系统

vAdoptionof‘QuickResponse’（QR）采用“快速反应”

vRationalizationofprimarydistribution（factorytowarehouse）初次分配的合理化（工厂到仓库）

vIncreasedreturnflowofpackagedmaterialandhandlingequipmentforrecycling/reuse.增加包装材料的回流和回收/再利用的处理设备

vIntroductionofSupplyChainManagement（SCM）andEfficientConsumerResponse（ECR）供应链管理和高效消费者响应

5、供应链中的温度控制是什么：

Generally,atemperaturecontrolledsupplychainisafoodsupplychainthatrequiresfoodproductstobemaintainedinatemperaturecontrolledenvironment,ratherthanexposingthemtowhateverambienttemperaturesprevailatthevariousstagesofthesupplychain.

Lesson4

1、包装的进本作用：

Theessentialfunctionofpackaging（ensuringthatthepackedproductreachestheconsumerinthesamestateasitleftthefactory）iswell-known.

2、包装的等级：

Packagingisalsodividedupintodifferentlevels.Therearethreelevelsofpackaging:

primary,secondaryandtertiarypackaging.

Theprimarypackagingholdthebasicproductandarebroughthomefromtheshopbytheendconsumer.

Secondarypackagingaredesignedtocontainseveralprimarypackages.

Tertiarypackaging,asshipperusually,isusedforwarehousestorage,bulkhandling,andtransportshippingsuchaspalletizedunitloads.

3、包装的主要作用：

书本p74

vProtect

vPerform

vInform：

service:

packagingprovidetheconsumerwithdetailsaboutthecontentsanduseoftheparticularproduct.

Guarantee:

Bysupplyinganundamagedandunblemishedpackage,

Sales:

Thepurposeofthesalesfunctionofapackageistoenableorpromotethesalesprocessandtomakeitmoreefficient.

4、产品的物理形态：

Fluids/Solids/Gasses/Powders粉末/Granular颗粒状的materials/Paste膏/Mixturesofcomponents

5、产品具有的性质：

Corrosive腐蚀的/Flammable易燃的/Volatile挥发的/Perishable易腐的/Fragile易碎的/Aseptic防腐的/Toxic有毒的/Odorous有气味的/Sticky粘的/Hygroscopic易潮湿的

6、产品运输途中的四大危险：

*Dropsandimpacts

*Compression压缩压迫forces

*Vibration振动

*Climaticvariations

7、包装个性化的作用：

Agoodpackageissaidtohavea“persona”,orpersonality.Ifthedesignerhasdoneaneffectivejob,thatpersonawillappealtothetargetedaudience,attractthepotentialpurchaser'

sattentionandtohaveapositiveimpactuponthepurchasingdecision.

8、Howapackagecommunicates：

Selectedmaterial材料选择

Shapeandsize

Color

Predominanttypography主要的排版

Recognizablesymbolsoricons可辨识的符号或图表

Illustrations插图

Lesson6

1、包装材料：

vFlexiblematerial：

Flexiblepackagingmaterialisakindofsoftmaterial,whichcangenerallyconformtheirshapetotheproductcontained.

Flexiblepackagingmaterialscanbedivideintofourgroups:

paper-basedmaterial:

Paperishygroscopicandcannotpreventfromthewaterandgastransmission.Italmostlosesitsstrengthunderthehumidcondition.

aluminumfoilsheet：

Generally,packagingusedaluminumfoiliscombinedwithothermaterialsforthepurposeofincreaseitsimpermeability:

tolight,gas,moisture,odorsandsolvents.Itcanbeconsiderableapplicationinwrappingchocolateandbakinggoods。

plasticfilm：

Plasticpackagingispopularonaccountofitslowcostandperformanceproperties（specialbarrierproperties,lowweightandformability）,whichallowmanufacturerstouselessmaterial（i.e.,sourcereduction）tomakeapackagethatcandeliveranequalamountofproduct.

compositematerial:

LaminatesassemblematerialswithindividuallydesirablepropertiestocreateanoptimummaterialPaper,AluminumandPlasticsareoftencombined（laminated）forthepurposeofincreasingusagesandimprovingproperties.

vSemi-rigidmaterial：

Semi-rigidpackagingisusuallyreferredasmoldedandformedcontainers,foldingcartonsandtubes,whichhaverigidpackageforms’structurebutquiteflexible.半刚性包装通常被称为模压成型，容器，折叠纸盒和管，具有刚性的结构，但相当灵活的封装形式。

Itcanbedivideintofivegroups:

paper-basedmaterial

wood-basedmaterial

metal-basedmaterial

glass-basedmaterial

plastic-basedmaterial

vRigidmaterial刚性：

Rigidpackagingreferstoapackagingthatisfixedinshapewhenempty,suchascontainersanddrumsmadefromwood,steelandglass.刚性包装是指包装，固定的形状时，空的，如由木材制成的容器和鼓，钢和玻璃。

Lesson7

1、包装分类：

PackagingcanbeclassifiedintoMarketingPackagingandLogisticalPackaging.

●Marketingpackagingispackagingusedbytheconsumerforkeptuntilthecontentsareconsumed.Itenterstogetherwiththegoodsintotheretailnetsandconsumerorclientsdirectly.

●Logisticalpackagingispackagingusedfortransport,handlingandstorage,includingcorrugatedboxes,plasticwraps,pallets,andshippingcontainers.

2、包装容器是什么：

Packagingcontaineristhecontainerinwhichthepackagecontents（cargo）arepackaged,satisfyingtherequirementsofcargosales,storageandtransport.

3、包装容器两大趋势：

vUnitization

vStandardization

4、托盘定义：

Apalletisaflattransportconstructionmadeofwood,plastic,metalorpaper,whichcanbeliftedbyanymobileforklift.

5、托盘分类:

vWoodpallets

Disa:

carrygoodsonasingletrip;

whenunloaded,theyareeitherrepairedordisposed.

vPlasticpallets

Plasticpalletsaremadeofenvironmentallyfriendly（recycled）HDPE（highdensitypolyethylene）materialandcanbecustomizedtowithstandheavyloads.

Adv:

lowertransportcosts（lighter）;

lowerstoragecosts（canbestoredoutside）;

donotabsorbwaterorchemicalsandcannot;

beusedbybacteria.

vMetalpallets

strongandefficient.Asteelpalletisthestrongestalternativeforload-carriers;

paintedandgalvanizedsurfacetreatmentsavailable.

verycostly.Someindustriesneedsturdysteelpalletstotransportheavyoroversizedgoods.

vCardboardpallets

Cardboardpalletsarefrequentlyusedforcarryingweightlessgoods,butnotrecommendableforwetconditions.

6、FeaturesofPallets：

Thereare“two-wayentrypallets”and“four-wayentrypallets”forforkliftaccess;

“singledeckpallets”and“doubledeckspallets”;

“singledeckwingpallets”and“reversiblewingp