英语六级听力原文卷一.docx
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英语六级听力原文卷一
2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)
2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)
W:
WelcometoWorkPlace.Andintoday’sprogram,we’relookingattheresultsoftworecentlypublishedsurveys,whichbothdealwiththesametopic-happinessatwork.John,tellusaboutthefirstsurvey.
M:
Well,thiswasdonebyahumanresourcesconsultancy,whointerviewedmorethan1,000workers,andestablishedatoptenofthefactors,whichmakepeoplehappyatwork.Themostimportantfactorforthemajorityofthepeopleinterviewedwashavingfriendly,supportivecolleagues.Infact,73%ofpeopleinterviewedputtheirrelationshipwithcolleaguesasthekeyfactorcontributingtohappinessatwork,whichisaveryhighpercentage.Thesecondmostimportantfactorwashavingworkthatisenjoyable.Thetwoleastimportantfactorswerehavingone'sachievementsrecognized,andrathersurprisingly,earningacompetitivesalary.
W:
So,wearenotmainlymotivatedbymoney?
M:
Apparentlynot.
W:
Anyotherinterestinginformationinthesurvey?
M:
Yes.Forexample,25%oftheworkingpeopleintervieweddescribedthemselvesas'veryhappy'atwork.However,20%ofemployeesdescribedthemselvesasbeingunhappy.
W:
That’squitealotofunhappypeopleatworkeveryday.
M:
Itis,isn’tit?
Andtherewereseveralmoreinterestingconclusionsrevealedbythesurvey.Firstofall,smallisbeautiful:
peopledefinitelypreferworkingforsmallerorganizationsorcompanieswithlessthan100staff.Wealsofindoutthat,generallyspeaking,womenwerehappierintheirworkthanmen.
W:
Yes,weare,aren’twe?
M:
Andworkersonpart-timecontracts,whoonlywork4or5hoursaday,arehappierthanthosewhoworkfull-time.Theresearchersconcludedthatthisisprobablyduetoabetterwork-lifebalance.
W:
Arebosseshappierthantheiremployees?
M:
Yes,perhapsnotsurprisingly,thehigherpeoplegoinacompany,thehappiertheyare.Soseniormanagersenjoytheirjobsmorethanpeopleworkingunderthem.
Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
Q1:
WhatistheNo.1factorthatmadeemployeeshappyaccordingtothesurvey?
Q2:
Whatisthepercentageofthepeoplesurveyedwhofeltunhappyatwork?
Q3:
Whatkindofcompaniesarepopularwithemployees?
Q4:
Whatisthepossiblereasonforpeopleonpart-timecontractstobehappier?
W:
Mr.DeKeyzer,I'magreatloverofyourbookMomentsBeforetheFlood.Canyoutellushowyoufirstbecameinterestedinthissubjectmatter?
M:
In2006,whentheconcerthallofthecityofBrugesaskedmetotakesomepicturesforacatalogueforanewconcertseasonaroundthethemeofwater,IfoundmyselfworkingalongtheBelgiancoastline.Astherehadbeennumerousalarmingarticlesinthepressaboutaclimatecatastrophewaitingtohappen,Istartedlookingattheseaandthebeachverydifferently,aplacewhereIspentsomanyperfectdaysasachild.Thisfearofaloomingdangerbecamethesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject.
W:
Youwroteinthebook:
"Idon’twanttophotographthedisaster,Iwanttophotographthedisasterwaitingtohappen.”Canyoutalkabitaboutthat?
M:
ItisclearnowthatitisamatteroftimebeforetheentireEuropeancoastlinedisappearsunderwater.Thesamegoesfornumerousbigcitiesaroundtheworld.Myideawastophotographthisbeautifulandveryuniquecoastline,richinhistory,beforeit’stoolate—asalastwitness.
W:
Canyoutalkabitabouthowhistoryplaysaroleinthisproject?
M:
Sure.TheprojectisalsoaboutthehistoryofEuropelookingattheseaandwonderingwhenthenextenemywouldappear.Intheimages,youseeallkindsofpossibledefenseconstructionstoholdbacktheRomans,Germans,Vikings,andnownatureasenemynumberone.Forexample,thereistheimageofthebridgeintotheseatakenattheNormandyD-Daylandingsite.Also,Venice,thecityeternallythreatenedbythesea,whereeverymorningwoodenpathwayshavetobesetuptoallowtouriststoreachtheirhotels.
W:
Thankyou,Mr.DeKeyzer.Itwasapleasuretohaveyouwithustoday.
Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
Q5.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebookMomentsBeforetheFlood?
Q6.Whendidthemangethisideaforthework?
Q7.Whatwillhappenwhentheclimatecatastropheoccurs?
Q8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutVenice?
SectionB
Passage1
Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeopletendtorehearsetheirdefeatbyspendingtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheworst.Iremembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowasabouttobeginherfirstjurytrial.Shewasverynervous.Iaskedwhatimpressionshewantedtomakeonthejury.Shereplied:
”Idon’twanttolooktooinexperienced,Idon’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirsttrial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimstothedon’tssyndrome—aformofnegativegoalssetting.Thedon’tscanbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmindresponsetopictures.
ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshowsamentalimagefiresthenervesystemthesamewayasactuallydoingsomething.Thatmeanswhenagolfertellshimself:
”Don’thittheballintothewater.”Hismindseestheimageoftheballflyingintothewater.Soguesswheretheballwillgo?
Consequently,beforegoingintoanystressfulsituation,focusonlyonwhatyouwanttohavehappen.Iaskedthelawyeragainhowshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial.Andthistimeshesaid:
”Iwanttolookprofessionalandself-assured.”Itoldhertocreateapictureofwhatself-assuredwouldlooklike.Toher,itmeantmovingconfidentlyaroundthecourtroom,usingconvincingbodylanguageandprojectinghervoice,soitcouldbeheardfromthejudge’sbenchtothebackdoor.Shealsoimaginedaskillfulclosingargumentandawinningtrial.Afewweeksafterthispositivestress(不确定)rehearsal,theyounglawyerdidwin.
Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
Q9:
whatdosomepeopledowhentheyfaceanewsituation?
Q10:
whatdoestheresearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshow?
Q11:
whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetopeopleinastressfulsituation?
Q12:
whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerinthecourt?
Passage2
MostAmericansdon’teatenoughfruits,vegetablesorwholegrains,researchersnowsaysaddingfibertoteendietmayhelplowertheriskofbreastcancer.
Conversationsaboutthebenefitsoffiberareprobablymorecommoninnursinghomesthanhighschools.Butalongcomesanewstudythatcouldchangethat.KristiKing,adietspecialistatTexasChildren'sHospitalfindsit'shardtogetteenagerpatients’attentionabouthealthyeatingbuttellingthemthateatinglotsofhigh-fiberfoodscouldreducetheriskofbreastcancerbeforemiddleage.That'sapowerfulmessage.
Thenewfindingisbasedonastudyof44,000women.Theyweresurveyedabouttheirdietsduringhighschool,andtheireatinghabitsweretrackedfortwodecades.Itturnsoutthatthosewhoconsumedthehighestlevelsoffiberduringadolescencehadalowerriskofdevelopingbreastcancer,comparedtothewomenwhoatetheleastfiber.Thisimportantstudydemonstratesthatthemorefiberyoueatduringyourhighschoolyears,theloweryourriskisindevelopingbreastcancerinlaterlife.
Thefindingpointstolong-standingevidencethatfibermayreducecirculatingfemalehormonelevels,whichcouldexplainthereducedrisk.Thebottomlinehereisthemorefiberyoueat,perhaps,alowerlevelofhormoneinyourbody,andtherefore,alowerlifetimeriskofdevelopingbreastcancer.High-fiberdietsarealsolinkedtoareducedriskofheartdiseaseanddiabetes.That'swhywomenaretoldtoeat25gramsafiberaday-menevenmore.
Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
Q13.Whatdoesthenewstudytellaboutaddingfibertotheteendiet?
Q14.Whatdowelearnaboutthesurveyofthe44,000women?
Q15.Whatexplanationdoesthespeakerofferfortheresearchfinding?
Passage1
Wellmycurrentresearchisreallyaboutconsumerbehavior.SorecentlyI'velookedatyoungpeople'sdrinkingandit'sobviouslyamajorconcerntoGovernmentatthemoment.
I'vealsolookedathowolderpeoplearerepresentedinthemedia;again,it'sofmajorcurrentinterestwitholderpeoplebecomingamuchlargerproportionofUKandindeedworldsociety.
I'malsointerestedinhowconsumersoperateonline,andhowthatonlinebehaviormightbedifferentfromhowtheyoperateofflinewhentheygototheshops.
Well,Ithinkthattheimportantthinghereistoactuallyunderstandwhat'shappeningfromtheconsumer'sperspective.OneofthethingsthatbusinessesandindeedGovernmentorganizationsoftenfailtodoistoreallyseewhatishappeningfromtheconsumer'sperspective.
Forexample,inthecaseofyoungpeople'sdrinking,oneofthethingsthatI'veidentifiedisthatdrinkingforpeoplesaybetweentheagesof18and24isallaboutthesocialactivity.
AlotoftheGovernmentadvertisinghasbeenaboutindividualresponsibility,butactuallyunderstandingthatdrinkingisverymuchaboutthesocialactivityandfindingwaystohelpyoungpeoplegethomesafelyandnotendupinhospitalisoneofthethingsthatwe'vetriedtopresentthere.
Thekeythingaboutconsumerbehavioristhatit'sverymuchabouthowconsumerschange.Marketsalwayschangefasterthanmarketing;sowehavetolookatwhatconsumersaredoing.
CurrentlyIteachconsumerbehaviortoundergraduatesintheirsecondyearandwelookatallkindsofthingsinconsumerbehaviorandparticularlyhowconsumersarepresentedinadvertising.
Sotheygetinvolvedbylookingatadvertisingandreallycriticallyassessingtheconsumerbehavioraspectsofitandgettinginvolvedsometimesdoingprimaryresearch.
Forexample,lastyearmystudentsspentaweeklookingatth