届上海市宝山区高考英语二模试题笔试部分Word版含答案文档格式.docx
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theirlifestyles.Childhoodobesityhasmorethandoubledinchildrenandfourtimesinadolescentsinthepast30years.Moreover,ratesofchildhooddiabetes(糖尿病)(24)(rise).These
conditionscanputchildren(25)riskforheartdiseaseandothermajorkillerslaterin
life.
Thesehealthissuesarecomplexproblemswithmanydifferentcauses.Eatingmealsout,watchinglotsofTV,andnotbeingactiveafterschoolcancausetoomuchweightgain.Buttherearemanythingschildrencando(26)(improve)theirhealth・Doctorssaytheprimary
focusforchildren(27)beeatinghealthyfoodandgettingexerciseeveryday.
Schoolsaregetting(28)(involve)insolvingtheproblem.Some,likeMildred
Avenue,restrictthesnacksstudentscanbuy(29)areofferingmoregymclassesto
emphasizetheimportanceofexercise・Someschoolsevensendhomehealthnoticeswarningparentsthattheirchildmaybeoverweight.Theseschoolsbelieveparentsshouldbeactingmoreresponsiblybyrestrictingchildren'
sdiets・Manyparentsgetangry,(30)(argue)that
schoolsshouldlimittheirfocustoteaching・Theybelievethattheyhaveprimaryresponsibilityfortheirchildren'
shealth.
SectionB
Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce・Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.uncomfortable
B.critically
C.balance
D.nonsense
E.temptation
F.responding
G.effectively
H.practice
I.demands
J.reasoning
K.delivering
Embracetheruleofawkwardsilence
Theruleofawkwardsilenceissimple:
Whenfacedwithachallengingquestion,insteadofanswering,pauseandthinkdeeplyabouthowyouwanttoanswer.Thisisnoshortpause;
rather,itinvolvestakingseveralseconds(10,20orlonger)tothinkthingsthroughbefore31・
AtApple,TimCookhasengagedinthe32foryears・Backin200&
aFortunearticlesaidthatinmeetings,Cookwas”knownforlong,33pauses,whenallyouhearisthesoundofhistearingthewrapperoftheenergybarsheconstantlyeats.H
Cookisn'
taloneinembracingtheruleofawkwardsilence・SteveJobsoncetookalmost20secondstorespondtoapersonalattack,34aperfectresponse・
Theruleofawkwardsilencehasalwaysbeenvaluableasatoolofemotionalintelligencebecauseitallowsyouto35thoughtandemotioninsteadofsimplyreactingbasedonfeeling.
Whythemleofawkwardsilenceismorevaluablethanever.
Weliveinaworldthat36instantsatisfaction.Emailsshouldbeansweredonthesameday.Textmessagesshouldbeansweredrightnow.Butthere*samajorproblemwithallofthisimmediatecommunication:
Itdoesn'
tleavetimetothink・
Asin,think37・
Criticalthinkingcallsfordeepandcarefulconsiderationofasubject.Itinvolvesweighingandanalyzingfacts,andcareful38・Anditresultsinmakinginsightfulconnections・
Noneofthisispossiblewithouttime.
Andtimehasbecomethebiggestluxuryontheplanet.
Butwhenyouembracetheruleofawkwardsilence,youstealbacktime.Timethatusedtobewastedon39answers.
So,thenexttimesomeoneasksyouachallengingquestion.orevenwhatseemsonthesurfacetobeasimpleone,resistthe40_torespondwiththefirstthingthatcomestomind.
Instead,embracetheruleofawkwardsilence,andthinkbeforeyouspeak.
III.ReadingComprehensions
Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage.therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Fearisanaturalandvaluableemotion.11hasgreatsurvivalvalueforhumanbeings,41
ustofightforsurvivalorrunawayquicklyfromathreat.Buttoomuchfearintheformofchronic(慢性的)anxietyisincredibly42_andweakening・
Anxietyisprolongedfearthatpersistsinthe43ofarealthreat:
afterathreatisover,duringsituationsthataren'
tactuallyverydangerous,orbeforea/an44threatinthefuture.Whenanxietybecomeschronicand45yourlife,ittransformsintoananxietydisorder.Researchconsistentlyshowsthatcognitive(认知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)isthemost46
anxietytreatment.Itworksbetterthandrugs,psychoanalysis,andalltheotherwayswehavetriedtotreat47_overtheyears.
Broadlyspeaking,twoCBTapproachesfortreatinganxietyhave48:
copingandexposure.Copingischanginghowyouthink,evaluatingthreatsmoreaccurately,andbuildingconfidenceinyourabilityto49_athreatsothatyouaregraduallylessafraid.Exposureis_50_experiencingwhatyouareafraidof,provingyourterriblepredictionsofdisastertobefalse,untilyourfearnaturallydiesdown.Themostrecentdatashowthatbothapproacheshelp,butexposurecanworkfasterand51_larger,longer-lastingreductionsinanxiety.
Ifyousufferfromanxiety,youcanapplythelatestandmosteffectiveprocedureforexposure,calledrestrictivelearning.Itwas52_byateamoftherapistsandresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsin2014.Thisspecialexposure53_willhelpyouovercomeanxietyasrapidlyand
completelyaspossible・
Themosteffectivecoping54_usedinCBTandrelatedtherapiesincludecopingplanning,
cognitiveflexibility,anddistresstolerance・Theyareresearch-tested,55effectivetechniques
thatwillimproveandstrengthenyouranxietyrecoveryprogram.
41.A.persuading
B.remembering
C.expecting
D.preparing
42.A.jealous
B.painful
C.innocent
D.conscious
43.A.abstract
B.existence
C.absence
D.continuation
44.A.potential
B.essential
C.available
D.sustainable
45.A.instnicts
B.challenges
C.stimulates
D.dominates
46.A.effective
B.objective
C.invisible
D.significant
47.A.pressure
B.ignorance
C.anxiety
D.depression
48.A.described
B.emerged
C.protected
D.supervised
49.A.overlook
B.simplify
C.remark
D.handle
50.A.purposefully
B.vigorously
C.sincerely
D.passionately
51・A.breaksthrough
B.turnsdown
C.resultsin
D.worksout
52.A.composed
B.developed
C.predicted
D.symbolized
53.A.commitment
B.evidence
C.assessment
D.process
54.A.strategies
B.behaviors
C.responses
D.examples
55.A.naturally
B.probably
C.highly
D.initially
Readthefollowingtwopassage・Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements・ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD・Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread・
(A)
Peoplearemotivatedtodoactivitiesbymanydifferentfactors.Formethemainfactorsthatareinvolvedarecompetition,thedesireforachievinggreatness,thesatisfactionofcompletingprojects,andenjoyment.
SinceIamatwin,asenseofcompetitionisdeeprootedinmybrain.Healthycompetitioncanpushustodofantasticthings.Itmakesusstriveforacertaingoalandgetsustodothingsfaster.However,Idonotthinkcompetitionshouldbecomeharmful.Whenanger,frustration.anddepressionisaresultofcompetition,itisnothealthy.Yet,competitioncanbringaboutrespect,friendship,andmutualgain.Inthecasewithmytwinbrother,wehavepushedourselvestobegoodatsports,music,school,andevenatwork.Thiscompetitivespirithasleakedintomylifewithoutmytwinaround.Inasense,Ireproducemytwinbrotherinotherpeople・IalwaystrytobenumberoneatwhateverIdo-oratleastinthetopthree.Therearetimesthisattitudebecomesunhealthy,asIgetfnistratedifIgiveeverythingtoacompetitionoractivityandproduceonlyaverageresults.Butastheyearspassed・Ihavegottenbetterathandlingfailureanddefeat.Allinall,IthinkIfinishanddowellinmanyareasofmylifeforthesimplefactthatIwanttodowellinthem.Thefeelingofdoingwellagainstcompetentopponentsissatisfying.
Ienjoythefeelingofcompletinganimportantproject.Forinstance,lastyear,Ifinishedapoetrycollectionwithmylatefather'
spoemsandmyownpoems.Itwasanhonortohimandhiswork.Inaway,Ifeltthathisdeathwasnotinvainandthathisworkwasprovedevenmorethroughthiscollection.Itishardtodescribethemomentofknowingwhensuchanimportantprojectissettorest:
itisalmostlikeyouarcreadytodie.Yousensethatachapterofyourlifehasclosedandyouarenowanewperson.Thesedeepemotionsmotivatemetocompleteprojectsonaregularbasis.
Thesimplestfactorthatmotivatesmetodosomethingisenjoyment.Therearepeoplewhodoactivitiestheydonotenjoyfordecades・Iamnotoneofthosepeople・IcanworkontasksIdonotlikeforawhile,butintheend,mymainfocusshouldbeonsomethingthatIenjoy.IfIfindjoyindoingacertainwork.Iengageinitforalargepartoftheday,orevenalldaywithouttiring.Tirednessinmostcases,inmylife,isduetoalackofenjoymentinthe