中考总复习译林牛津初三九年级英语 完形阅读理解专题训练文档格式.docx

中考总复习译林牛津初三九年级英语 完形阅读理解专题训练文档格式.docx

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这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。

同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。

因此，要特别重视做好这类题。

　　1、细节事实题题干常见的问句形式　　1）TrueorNOTtrue是非判断类型

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredas……?

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthereasonsfor……?

　　2）特殊疑问词提问类型Howmany……？

What/who/when/where/how/why……?

　　3）排序题类型Whichoftheordersiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

　　4）例证题类型Theauthorgivestheexamplein……paragraphinorderto……　　5）表唯一细节概念题类型：

……themost/~est…………theonly……　　2、细节事实题的解题方法：

　做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，再通过scanning（精读）快速确定该细节在文中的出处（信息源），仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。

命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。

所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。

细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。

　是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。

若该信息句是长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分，分析句子结构，正确理解信息句的意义。

一定要注意的是，要所答是所问，不要受到惯势思维的影响，习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实，切记要弄清问题，不要所答非所问。

　例证题一定要注意以forexample……,suchas……等关键入手处，找出细节出处。

排序题要先仔细观察选项，找出首尾相同的选项分组，进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。

唯一细节题一定要仔细审题，弄清题干所需。

特别需要提醒的是，选项中出现有most（最高级）、theonly（唯一）、all（所有）、none（全否）修饰的细节，都具有绝对性，选择判断时要慎选。

【典型例题】

Asiaishometomorethanhalfoftheworld’spopulationandthreeofthefourmostcrowdedcountriesareinAsia.China,India,andIndonesiaalonehavemorethan2.5billionpeople.

Untilrecently,mostAsiannationsfellbehindtheWesterncountriesinmanyfields.Governmentreform（改革）,however,hasledtoimportantprogressineachoftheseAsiancountries.Acrossthearea，educationsystemshavebeenimprovedandeconomies（经济）havebeengrowing.MostAsiancountriesnowhaveasystemofcompulsory（义务的）education.Manycountrieshaverecentlyallowedprivateuniversitiestobebuilt,whichwasnotallowedbefore.Therearemorechancesforstudentstogotouniversitynow.

However,inAsia,therearestillnotenoughchancesforstudentstogethighereducationandmanypeopleprefertogoabroadforfurtherstudy.Asaresult,India,China,SouthKorea,JapanandotherAsiancountriessendthousandsofstudentstostudyintheUnitedStatesandEuropeeachyear.

PartofthepeopleinAsiancountriescanspeakEnglish,andEnglishhasbecomethemostimportantlanguageforbusinessacrossthearea.Thepercentage（百分比）isthelargestinJapan，Singapore，thePhilippines,SriLankaandSouthKorea.ManypeopleinChina,IndiaandMalaysiacanalsospeakEnglish.SomecountrieshavemadeEnglishpartoftheprimaryandsecondaryeducationprogram.Insomecountries,childrenbegintostudyEnglishevenattheageof4or5.

（）1.ThepopulationofAsiaisabout______.

A.2.5billion

B.halfoftheworld’spopulation

C.1.3billion

D.6billion

（）2.MostAsiancountries______thewesterncountriesinmanyfields.

A.arebetterthan.

B.aremorepowerfulthan

C.getgreaterprogressthan.

D.arenotasgoodas

（）3.Inthepast,______wasnotallowedinmanyAsiancountries.

A.speakingEnglish

B.movingtoothercountries

C.buildingprivateuniversities

D.buildingmiddleschools

（）4.WhydosomanystudentsinAsiagotostudyintheUSandEurope?

A.Becausetheyarerich.

B.BecausetherearenotenoughchancesforstudentstogethighereducationinAsia.

C.Becausetheydon’twanttoworkhard.

D.BecausetheycanspeakEnglishverywell.

（）5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.There’remorethan2.5billionpeopleinChina，IndiaandIndonesia.

B.TheeconomiesinAsiancountriesarebecomingworse.

C.EducationinAsiahashadgreatchanges.

D.InsomeAsiancountries,Englishhasbecomeveryimportantforbusiness.

【典型例题】

Whenthebellrings，everystudenttakesoutaniPad.Thelightfromthescreensmakestheiryoungfacesprettyandlively.That'

swhathappenseverydayatmyschoolintheUS.WeuseiPadsinclass.

IfeltsurprisedandexcitedwhenIgotaniPadthefirstdayIarrivedattheschool.Butitwasnotfree.Ipaidabout$100torent（租）itforthreeyears.

EveryiPadatmyschoolhasaspeciallearningsystem（系统）calledFocus.Teachersputtheirteachingmeterials（材料）liketextbooksandPPTsonit.Whenwehaveclasses,weenterthesystemanddownload（下载）materialswithouriPads.

Itmakestheclassesinterestingandefficient（高效的）.Forexample,afewweeksago,welearnedaboutLondonintheUK.Ourteacherpreparedavideo.Throughthevideo,wesawmanyplacesofinterestinLondon.Wecouldnotonlywatchthevideo,butalsoseethewordsatthesametime.Becauseofthevideo,Iknowmoreaboutthecity.

WealsodoourhomeworkwithiPads.Wecanknowhowwellwedoourhomeworkrightafterwehandinourhomework.

However,therearestillsomebadpointsaboutlearningwithiPads.SomeofmyclassmatesplaygamesorsurftheInternetinclass.

IbelievethekeytousingiPadswellistohavegoodself-control（自制力），isn'

tit?

（）1.WhatistherightwaythewriterthinkofusingiPadsinschool?

A.StudentsshoulduseiPadsasoftenaspossible.

B.TouseiPadsinschoolisverybadforstudents'

eyes.

C.Studentsshouldhavegoodself-controlwhenusingiPads.

D.AllstudentsshoulduseiPadstosurftheInternetinclass.

二、主旨大意　　此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。

其中一类题型为主旨问题。

　　1、主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式　　1）主旨句设问类型Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？

Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout？

Wecanconclude/learnfromthepassagethat……　　2）最佳标题选择类型Thebesttitleforthispassageis……　3）作者主旨意图类型Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus？

Whichcanexpressthepurposeofthewriteraccordingtothepassage?

　　2、主旨大意题的解题方法　　主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。

如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的，那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。

找出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。

如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致，则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段，从而确定主旨段落。

在此过程中，观察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可，无需细读段落内容，以节省时间。

如果文章只有一段，则注意文章的首两句及尾句，然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。

　　此外，标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达，注意抓住主旨句进行主要词汇的提炼，把一个句子提炼为几个关键词，即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳的标题。

而作者意图表达必须通过归纳中心主题才能找到，通常体现为advise,convince,present,propose,warn等。

Whereintheworldcanyoutakeanhour'

strainride,andpassaforest,aLondonstreet,ascenefromtheWildWest,andaburningbuildingthatneverburnsdown?

There'

sonlyoneplace,andthat'

sHollywood,inCalifornia.Thescenesyouseefromthetouristtrainarefilmsets（布景）intheUniversalStudios,oneoftheoldestandlargestmoviecompaniesintheUSA.

AvisittoUniversalStudiosbringsbackmemoriesofgreatdaysofHollywood,thefilmsandthestars.Buttheyareonlymemories.Hollywoodisn'

tquitethesameasitusedtobe.Costshavegoneupandconfidencehasgonedown.Movie-makersareafraidtospendtheirmoneyonexpensivenewideas.Instead,theyrepeatoldones.

Thefilmindustryischangingfast.Teenagersstillgoouttothemovies.Thetheatreisagoodplacetomeetfriendsawayfromhome.Butolderpeoplemostlystayathometowatchseries,likeDynasty,whichhavebecomeasimportanttoHollywoodasexpensivemovies.These"

soapopera"

astheyarecalled,showrich,powerfulfamilieslivinginbeautifulhomesandwearingbeautifulclothes.Buttheactorsandactressesarenearlyallmiddle-aged,likemanyofthepeoplewhowatchthem.

Thoughitissoapoperasthatarekeepingthefilm-makersofHollywoodinbusiness,bigfilmsarestillbeingmadeinAmerica.ButmoreandmoreofthemaremadeoutsideHollywood.NewYorkisthemostimportantnewcentre,buttherearemanyothersaswell.Movie-makershaverealizedthattheydon'

tneedHollywoodanymore.Moderncamerasandrealhousesreplaceexpensivelymadecopiesinastudio.Otherstates,especiallyFloridaandTexas,areworkinghardtotakethefilmbusinessawayfromCalifornia.Theyareofferingbetterworkingconditionsandlowercost.

ButHollywoodisfightingback.ThestateofCaliforniaistryinghardtokeepitsbest-knownindustry.

（）10.Thepassagemainlytellsus.

A.somethingaboutthefilmindustryintheUSA

B.theimportanceofsoapoperasinHollywood

C.thegoodolddaysofHollywood

D.thefilmbusinessinCalifornia

三、推理判断　　此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节信息，所以原文语句不能选。

判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定，要对事实进行合乎情理的判断，有时还需借助常识进行判断。

　　推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。

主要以Wecaninfer/imply/learnfromthispassagethat……等进行提问。

解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。

解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。

NewTechnologyRevolutionizes（变革）Learning

Moreandmorepeoplebelievethattechnologiesaregreatforlearning.Today,suchteachingtoolsasiPadsareusedinalotofcourses,includinglanguage,historyandscience.

ManyteachersaresupportersofusingiPadsinlanguagelearning.Theysaythatstudentsnowhavemuchmoretimefordiscussionintheclassroom.Insteadofspendingvaluableclasstimelisteningtotextsorwatchingteachingvideos,studentscandothisontheirownandcometoclasspreparedfordiscussion.

TheteachersalsosaythatiPadsallowstudentstolearnattheirownpace.Somestudentsmightlistentoadialogueonlyonceandunderstandit,sotheycansavetimefordoingotherthings.Otherstudents,however,mightneedtolistentothesamedialogueagainandagaintounderstandit.UsingiPadsisespeciallyhelpfultostudentswhoarelearningalanguageatdifferentpaces.

Thestudentswhoareusingthenewtoolinsomecoursesarealsohappy.TheybelievethatusingiPadsisamoreenjoyablewaytolearn（suchaslisteningtostoriesandwatchingmovies）.Theclasshasbecomemuchmoreinterestingandcreative.

Thereareotheradvantagesforstudents.ByusingiPads,theycanpaymoreattentiontothematerialandlearnmore.T