语法填空专项复习资料Word格式文档下载.doc
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（2）that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why（引导定语从句）
（3）that,whether,if,whose,which,who,what,when,where,how,why（引导名词性从句）
（4）when,before,after,until,while,because,so,if,unless,although,as（引导状语从句）
（一）无提示词解题技巧:
技巧1缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）
1.Shedidnothesitateforlong:
althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease_38_.
2.Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike_38_”
3.IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and__38getstherealmostinasecond.
技巧2.如果句子基本结构完整，名词前面无限定词（冠词、不定代词和形容词性物主代词），则设在该名词前的空格很大可能填限定词。
4.Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty（960—1279）wasveryanxioustohelp__33ricecropgrowupquickly.
5.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot__33__pleasantexperience:
…
6.…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto__35_smalltownsome20kilometresawaywheretherewasagarage.
7.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet__36__studenttastethewater.
技巧3.如果句子基本结构完整，名词或代词在句中既不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，其前面的空格通常是填介词。
8.WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready__39__tablehavingsupper.
9.Theyoungmanwenthome__35__ahappyheart.
技巧4.如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从属连词.例如that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why（引导定语从句）that,whether,if,whose,which,who,what,when,where,how,why（引导名词性从句）when,before,after,until,while,because,so,if,unless,although,as（引导状语从句）。
and,orbut（连接并列句）
10.Hewasverytiredfrom/afterdoingthisforawholeday,__37__hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.
11.Janepausedinfrontofacounter__35__someattractivetieswereondisplay.
12.Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays32IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.
技巧5:
和it有关的一些特殊句型也是判断纯填空题的一个重要技巧。
A.根据it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型来判断空格处是否应填it.
13.Sherememberedhowdifficult_31_wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.
B.根据强调句结构
“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩下部分”判断空格处填it还是that.
14.…and__40__wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG.
强调句判断方法:
去掉itis/was…that看句子结构是否仍然强调完整的方法来判断句子是否为强调句。
Exercise
1.Onedaywhileworkingatthecashregisterinthegiftshop,Isaw________elderlycouplecomeinwithalittlegirlinawheelchair.
2.Thereisabottlefullofwateronthedesk._______waterisverydirty.
3.Noonehelpedme.Ididitall_______myself.
4.BobandMaryaregoingtoseeamovie_______ChristmasDay.
5.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdied_______hisworkunfinished.
6.Ifyougiveyourchildrentheimpressionthattheycanneverdoanythingquiteright,thentheywillregard_______asunfitorunablepersons.
7.Heisalsoanauthor,and_________newbookwillcomeoutnextmonth.
8.Heknewwhathewanted.____,hedidn’tknowhowtogetit.
9.Thisisthepark___________theyvisitedlastyear.
10.Istillremembermanyofthegamesweplayed_________Iwasaboutten.
11.Iwouldhearthemtalkabout_____happenedduringtheirday.
（二）、给出提示词的解题技巧
1．动词：
1）.给出的提示词为动词时，考生应首先分析句子结构，判断该动词在句中是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，或者是否需要转换词性等，然后再具体解题。
15.…peoplesteppedonyourfeetor__34__（push）youwiththeirelbows,hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.
2）.如果一个句子没有谓语动词，或者提示词与已有谓语动词之间是并列关系时，所给提示词就是谓语动词，此时要根据语境考察时态和语态。
16.Hermotherwasexcited.“Youfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane__40__（inform）.
17.Afteralongjourney,theyoungman__33__（present）thewatertotheoldman.
3）.如果句子已有谓语动词，给出的动词提示词也不作并列谓语时，则考查非谓语动词，这时要根据句子所缺成分和非谓语动词各自用法特点，选择动词–ing、动词–ed和不定式，具体确定方法如下：
提示词在句中作目的状语、only后的结果状语、情感形容词或动词后的原因状语时，通常用不定式。
18.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop_32_（help）itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.
4）.提示词给的是动词有时也会考查词类转换，考生须仔细分析句子结构，正确填词。
19.ButJaneknewfromherpastexperiencethather_36_（choose）oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.
2．形容词和副词
1）.提示词为形容词或副词，重点考察它们的比较等级、形容词副词之间的词性转换，具体解题技巧如下：
1）.考察形容词和副词的比较等级。
一般来说，如果有表示范围的in/of介词短语，用最高级；
than的前面要用比较级，但考生要特别注意的是，在特定语境中,“than+比较对象”和表示比较范围的of/in短语常常被省略。
20.Hewasverytiredafter/fromdoingthisforawholeday,buthefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”_38_（high）.
21.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe_39_（sweet）”
2）.形容词和副词之间的词类转换。
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式；
作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
22.Wedranktogetherandtalked__38__（merry）tillfarintothenight.
23.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled__34__（warm）,andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.
总结
1首先熟悉语境。
2对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词等，不仅要理解它们的意思，还要熟记它们，在考试时能准确、快速地提取它们。
3对于动词，要掌握常用的时态、语态和非谓语动词的用法。
4对于句子，要能够分析其结构，懂得在什么时候该用什么词性。
5对于单词，不仅要背诵其意义和拼写，还好掌握基本的词形变换。
练习：
一、动词（谓语/非谓语）
1.
MsChen
（teach）meEnglishsinceJunior1,andtoshowmyappreciationIdecidedtogetherapresent.
2.
IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI
（tell）bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.
3.
Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,__________（change）tothelibraryatthelastminute.
4.Ihadtoleaveworktotakehimtothehospitalbecausehe_________（break）hisfinger.
5.Thechild,NicoleHobson,
（take）byhermothertoChildren'
sMemorialHospitalabout11p.m.,Wednesdaytocheck
…
6.Atransitspokesmansaidthedrivershould
（make）radiocalltothecontrolcenterforhelp.
7.AnofficialfromtheMinistryofEducationsaidthatChinafollowsaneducationalpolicythat
（encourage）studentstostudyabroad.
8.Oneofthemwasavisitor,sayinghewouldn’thavebeenthereifhe______（watch）theweatherforecastthedaybefore.
9.
Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson
（receive）thegift.
10
…
Withtheproblem
（solve）,Ifeltproudofmyachievement.
11
IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft_________
（complete）therest.
12.There,
（place）neatlybesidetheemptydish,weretwonickelsandfivepennies—hertip!
13.
（compare）withthepreviousyear,thenumberofstudentswhowentabroadforstudywasincreasedby15,000,orariseof13%.
二、代词
挖掉代词，句子的结构受到破坏，句子间出现不连贯。
…Ipatientlywalkedtothelibrary,tookmyseatanddidsomedeepbreathingtohelprelax
.
2.Thelittleboypulled
righthandoutofthepocketandstudiedanumberofcoinsinit.
…thedriverdid
tohelpandevenstoppedoncetopickupmorepassengers.
4．Ifyougiveyourchildren
thattheycanneverdoanythingquiteright,thentheywillregard
asunfitorunablepersons.
5.Some134,000Chinesestudentswenttostudyabroad,and120,000of
wereself-fundedstudents,…
6．Firstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehear
spoken.
三、定语从句的引导词必须根据定语从句的信息和先行词进行推断，从而补出引导词，这本身就是考查逻辑思维能力。
1.…Theexam,
wasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,waschangedtothelibraryatthelastminute.
2…
ThenIwenttothedepartmentstore
Iworkedpart-timeandbought
heranexpensivegiftboxofSichuanbeef.
3.Itwasapoemaboutme,______includedthetime
4.Atthesametime,therehadbeenagrowingnumberofoverseasstudents
_______camebacktoChinaafterstudy.
5.MoreandmoreChinesestudentsgoabroadforstudy,
issupportedbytheChinesegovernment.
四、连词（从属连词/并列连词）
A）
引导各种从句的连词叫从属连词。
如名词性从句的引导词what,who,which,when,where,whatever,whoever,whichever,whether；
副词从句引导词where,wherever,when,if,how,unless,until
Manythingsmustbeconsideredsuchas
thepersonisinterestedinandhowoldheis.
2.Myfaceturnedredonhearing__
mymothersaid.
3.shewouldpointout
theyhadmasteredanddeclaredfirmlytheycouldlearnwhattheyhadmissed.
4.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics（儿科）says
childrenreallyneedforhealthdevelopmentismoregood,old-fashionedplaytime.
5.Ialmoststartedtoyellhisname_____Isuddenlyrememberedhewasinbedasleep.
6.
childrenbelievetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyindependent.
7.Statisticsshowthat
Chinacarriedouttheopening-uppolicy,atotalofonemillionstudentshavegoneabroadforstudy.
8.
wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.
9.Somepeople,however,maintainthatthisisprecisely_________thedangerlies.
B）
并列句的各种关联词叫并列连词。
如and,but,or,though,although,so…
挖掉关联词，要想补上连词，思路必须与作者思路相吻合。
1.Ihadnoideahowtodoit.Itriedtostaypositiveandpersevered
Ifinallyfoundthesolution.
2.Iaskedmyclassmatesaboutherinterest
Imademyfinaldecision.
3.Tom,an8—year—oldboy,enteredahotelcoffeeshop
satatatable.
4.Itisdifficultforparentsofnearlyeveryfamilytoteachtheirchildrentoberesponsibleforhousework,
withoneofthefollowingsuggestions,youreallycangetyourchildrentohelpathome.
五、挖掉表示起承转合的副词或副词性短语此功能于关联词相似。
只是这种副词（短语）在用法上更加灵活多变。
典型的有though,however,also,therefore,still,besides,inaddition,instead,or,otherwise，first,second,then,finally,inaword等等。
1.This,
didn’tbothermebecausemathshadalwaysbeenmystrongestsubject.
2.Don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraise
六、特殊句型（或固定短语）考查对固定结构（短语）的熟悉掌握程度。
属于字词层面考查语法。
1.Itwasnotlong
thewaitres
升级会员 