高三unit2 教案2Word文档格式.docx
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Patterns
Whatmodernmeansdoyouthinkexplorerscanmakeuseof?
2.Aslateasthe1860s….
3.ReachingJubawouldprovethemtohavediscoveredtheoriginoftheNile.
4.itwasnotuntil1874,……..,thatthispartoftheriver’scoursewasfinallyexplored.
5….thequestionsarosewhetherornotaconnectionexistedbetweenLakeTanganyikaandLakeVictoria.6.Unabletodiscoverland,hedecidedtosetsailfortheplacethatlaterbecameknownasNewZealand
Grammar
Thepredicate:
Shecametoliveherein1980.
Shehasbeenlivingherefor25years.
Hehimselftookanactivepartinthemanagement.
Hedoesn’tknowhowtomakegooduseoflife.
Shetookanaptokeephermindoffthediscomfort.
Ican’tmakeoutwhatit’sallabout.
Hestayedsingleallhislife.
Itturnedoutafineday.
Topics&
Writing
Masterthemethodsandstepsofwringanessay
背景知识
Thelongestriverintheworld,flowingabout6,677km(4,150mi)througheasternAfricafromitsmostremotesourcesinBurunditoadeltaontheMediterraneanSeainnortheastEgypt.Themainheadstreams,theBlueNileandtheWhiteNile,joinatKhartouminSudantoformtheNileproper.TheriverhasbeenusedforirrigationinEgyptsinceatleast4000B.C.,afunctionnowregulatedlargelybytheAswanHighDam.
ThesourceoftheNileanditslife-givingfloodswasamysteryforcenturies.Ptolemyheldthatthesourcewasthe“MountainsoftheMoon,”andthesearchfortheseandfortheoriginoftheNileattractedmuchattentioninthe18thand19thcent.JamesBruce,theScottishexplorer,identified(1770)LakeTanaasthesourceoftheBlueNile,andJohnSpeke,theBritishexplorer,iscreditedwiththeidentification(1861–62)ofLakeVictoriaandRiponFallsasthesourceoftheWhiteNile.
JamesCookwasbornonOctober27,1728inMarton,(nearmodernMiddlethorough),Yorkshire,Britain.HecommandedthreevoyagesofdiscoveryforGreatBritain,andsailedaroundtheworldtwice.CaptainCook'
svoyagesleadtotheestablishmentofcoloniesthroughoutthePacificbyseveralEuropeancountries.Heisconsideredoneoftheworld'
sgreatestexplorers.
Cookwasanapprenticetoashippingcompanyatage18,andjoinedtheBritishNavyat27in1755.In1768,theNavyappointedhimleaderofascientificexpeditiontoTahititoobserveasolareclipsebyVenus.Healsohadsecretorderstoseekasoutherncontinentgeographerslongbelievedkepttheworldinbalance.HesetoutonhisfirstvoyageroundtheworldintheshipEndeavour.ThetriptoTahitiwassuccessful.Thesearchforthesoutherncontinent("
TerresAustrales"
orlandsinthesouth)wasnot.InOctoberof1769CookwasthefirstEuropeantovisitNewZealand.
[细说教材]
Listening
Whatsortofquestionsdoyouthinkthereporterwillask?
你认为记者会问那种问题?
【点拨】1).sortsof各种各类;
sortof有几分
e.g.Inthemarinemuseum,youcanseesortsoffishes.
在水族馆,你可以看到各种各样的鱼。
Isortofthoughtyoumightsaythat.
我多少料到你也许会那么说。
2).doyouthink是插入语,放在特殊问句疑问词之后,其后的句子应用陈述语序。
e.gWhendoyouthinktheywillbeback?
Whatmodernmeanscanexplorersmakeuseoftoday?
今天探险家可以使用哪些现代化手段?
【点拨】makeuseof利用
e.gWhatistheusetheymakeofouradvancedfacilitiesintheirresearch?
他们在研究中是怎样利用我们的先进设施的?
InwhichwaywillahumantriptoMarsbesimilartothatofexplorersinthepast?
人类踏上火星的征程在哪些方面与过去探险家的相似?
【点拨】1).besimilarto与…类似
e.gGoldissimilarincolourtobrass.
金子与铜在颜色上相似。
2).that在句中指代atrip.that可指代单数名词和不可数名词,但后面须跟修饰语。
e.gInwinter,it’smuchcolderinBeijingthanthatinGuangdong.
Speaking
Intheirwork,scientistsmeetwithsituationsaboutwhichtheyhavetomakedecisions
科学家们在工作中,会遇到一些必须做出决定的情况。
【点拨】meetwith遇到,类似短语有、comeacross,comeupwith,runinto
e.gWhenreading,youaresuretomeetwithsomewordsyoudon’tknow.
阅读时,你肯定会遇到不认识的单词。
2).Aboutwhich…引导带有介词的定语从句
e.g.TheEnglishplayinwhichthestudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.
makedecisionsabout….对…作出决定
e.g.Theyhavetomakedecisionsaboutwhethertogoornot.
去还是不去,他们必须做出决定。
WhenCaptainJamesCooklandedinNewZealandin1769,hetookpossessionofitinthenameof…….库克船长1769年登陆新西兰,并以…名义占有了这块土地。
【点拨】takepossessionof…占为己有
e.g.Don’ttakepossessionofthewallet,thoughyoupickeditupinthestreet.
不要把钱包占为己有,虽然是你在路上拾的。
inthenameof…以…为名义
e.g.Thepolicearrestedhiminthenameofthelaw.
警察依法逮捕了他。
Insteadofsendingpeople,wecansendrobotsequippedwithcamerasandothertoolstodoobservationsforus.
【点拨】insteadof代替;
而不是
e.gInsteadofGramham,itwasPeterwhomovedin.
彼得而不是葛雷汉姆搬了进来.
equippedwith…装备,过去分词短语做定语.
e.g.Thesoldierswerewellequippedwithweaponsandammunition.
士兵们装备好了武器和弹药.
Doobservationsfor…为…去做观察
Reading
Tradeandcuriosityhaveoftenformedthefoundationformankind’sgreatestendeavour.贸易和好奇心是人类努力做事的基础。
【点拨】endeavorn.努力,事业,vi.试图;
努力
endeavortodo=tryveryhardtodosth.
e.g.Theyareendeavoringtoprotecttradeunionrights.
他们竭力保卫工会权益.
e.g.Inchoosinganagenttheexportermustendeavortofindonewhoislikelytolookafterhis
interestsandreallyworkforhiscommission.
出口商在选择代理商时,必须设法寻找这样的一家公司,既能照管其利益,又能真正
地认真经办委托他代理的业务.
…MarcoPolo’sstoriesinspiredChristopherColumbus.
他把它带回伦敦。
【点拨】inspirev.激励,鼓励
inspiresb.todo鼓励某人做…
inspiresb.withsth.或inspiresth.insb.“用……激励……”
e.g.Theclub______thefootballplayer______alargeamountofmoney.
A.provide;
forB.inspire;
withC.offer;
toD.inspire;
on
【解析】 用此处为第一种用法,选B。
inspirationn.激励,灵感
inspireda.有灵感的,受激励的
inspiringa.令人鼓舞的
Longbeforethatbravemerchantsweretherealexplorers
很久以前那些勇敢的商人才是真正的探险家。
【点拨】beforelong与longbefore记忆诀窍和用法介绍记忆诀窍:
long在前"
很久前"
long在后"
不久后"
用法:
longbefore单独使用,一般用在过去完成时的句子里。
后面可跟从句构成句型:
Itbe...before....before前一般是long,notlong等词。
值得注意的是:
主句中的时态只能是一般过去时或一般将来时。
beforelong=soon"
很快、不久"
,可以用于各种时态,多用于将来时,也可用于一般过去时。
…inexchangeforspicesandglass….
…作为交换香料和玻璃的条件…
【点拨】exchangev.交换;
互换;
调换;
n.交换;
更换
e.g.1)Theyexchangedangrywordsbeforethemeetingbutwerefinallypersuadedtoagree.
他们在会议前争吵起来,经劝说最后言归于好。
2)Isfiveapplesforfiveeggsafairexchange?
用五个苹果换五个鸡蛋公平吗?
3)He'
sgivingherFrenchlessonsinexchangeforherteachinghimEnglish.
他教她法语,她教他英语,互教互学(作为交换条件)。
e.g.1)Heexchangedthebluesweaterforaredone.
他把蓝毛衣换成了红的。
2)AliexchangedseatswithBen.
阿里与本调换了座位。
Ceylon,withitscentralposition,wastheplace…
由于Ceylon的中心位置作用,它是…的处所。
【点拨】with复合结构小结
一、“with+复合宾语”结构
“with+复合宾语”即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。
众所周知,能够充当with这个介词的宾语的,通常是名词和代词,问题的关键是构成宾语补足语的形式,它主要由七种形式构成,现分述如下:
1.with+n.(pron.)+介词短语
Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides.
2.with+n(pron.)+副词
WithMrSmithaway,we’vegotmoreroom.
3.with+n.(pron.)+不定式
Withsomuchworktodo,hecouldnotgohome.
4.With+n.(pron.)+现在分词
Fromspacetheearthlookslikeahugewater-coveredglobewithafewpatchoflandstickingoutabovethewater.
5.with+n.(pron.)+过去分词
Shesattherewithherheadbent.
6.with+n.(pron.)+形容词
Heworeashirt,withtheneckopen,showinghisbarechest.
7.with+n.(pron.)+名词
Helefthomewithhiswifeahopelesssoul.
二、“with+复合宾语”在句中的作用
1“with+复合宾语”结构在句中主要作状语,它可以表示伴随状况、行为方式、原因、条件、时间及结果、程度等。
a.
表示伴随状况,例如:
Withtheoldmanleading,thetwostartedtowardthemountains.
b.
表示原因,例如:
Thelittlegirlwascryingwithherpenbroken.
c.
表示时间,例如:
Andthenatlonglast,withthefiresgrowingpaleagainstthedaylightandthedive-bomberssweepinginforthekill.thejobwasdone;
thebeachwasemptyoflife.
d.
表示行为方式,例如:
Thesoldiershadhimstandwithhisbacktohisfather.
2“with+复合宾语”结构可在句中作定语。
例如:
Anymanwitheyesinhisheadcanseethathe’sexactlylikearope.
Theroomwiththewindowhalfopenismybedroom.
Therewererowsofwhitehouseswithtreesinfrontofthem.
“with+复合宾语”作定语的确这种结构的保存中可看作一个定衙从保存的简化,如:
a.b两句从意义上讲也可起到一个限制性定语从句的作用而c句则可起到一个非限制性定语从句的作用。
3.“with+复合宾语”结构在句中也可做宾补及主补,例如:
WeoftenseeJohnwithhiseyesopenedwide.作宾补
Hecouldbeseenwithhislegswrappedaroudthetrunkandhisblondheadstickingoutabovethebranches.
4.”with+复合宾语“结构句式还可作表语,用来说明前面的名词或代词,由于在中学语法中涉及较少,本文不做叙述
三、with的词义
在“with+复合宾语“的结构中,with在大部分情况下没有词义,但在个别情况下,也有例外,在理解及翻译时应引起注意,例如:
a.Hefeltmoreuneasywiththewholeclassstaringathim.由于全班都
TheearliestAsianculturalrelicfoundinAf