oracle常用经典sql查询文档格式.docx
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7、查看数据库库对象
selectowner,object_type,status,count（*）count#fromall_objectsgroupbyowner,object_type,status;
8、查看数据库的版本
SelectversionFROMProduct_component_version
WhereSUBSTR（PRODUCT,1,6）='
Oracle'
;
9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
SelectCreated,Log_Mode,Log_ModeFromV$Database;
10、捕捉运行很久的SQL
columnusernameformata12
columnopnameformata16
columnprogressformata8
selectusername,sid,opname,
round（sofar*100/totalwork,0）||'
%'
asprogress,
time_remaining,sql_text
fromv$session_longops,v$sql
wheretime_remaining<
>
0
andsql_address=address
andsql_hash_value=hash_value
/
11。
查看数据表的参数信息
SELECTpartition_name,high_value,high_value_length,tablespace_name,
pct_free,pct_used,ini_trans,max_trans,initial_extent,
next_extent,min_extent,max_extent,pct_increase,FREELISTS,
freelist_groups,LOGGING,BUFFER_POOL,num_rows,blocks,
empty_blocks,avg_space,chain_cnt,avg_row_len,sample_size,
last_analyzed
FROMdba_tab_partitions
--WHEREtable_name=:
tnameANDtable_owner=:
towner
ORDERBYpartition_position
12.查看还没提交的事务
select*fromv$locked_object;
select*fromv$transaction;
13。
查找object为哪些进程所用
select
p.spid,
s.sid,
s.serial#serial_num,
s.usernameuser_name,
a.typeobject_type,
s.osuseros_user_name,
a.owner,
a.objectobject_name,
decode（sign（48-command）,
1,
to_char（command）,'
ActionCode#'
||to_char（command））action,
p.programoracle_process,
s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,
s.statussession_status
fromv$sessions,v$accessa,v$processp
wheres.paddr=p.addrand
s.type='
USER'
and
a.sid=s.sidand
a.object='
SUBSCRIBER_ATTR'
orderbys.username,s.osuser
14。
回滚段查看
selectrownum,sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameName,v$rollstat.extents
Extents,v$rollstat.rssizeSize_in_Bytes,v$rollstat.xactsXActs,
v$rollstat.getsGets,v$rollstat.waitsWaits,v$rollstat.writesWrites,
sys.dba_rollback_segs.statusstatusfromv$rollstat,sys.dba_rollback_segs,
v$rollnamewherev$rollname.name（+）=sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_nameand
v$rollstat.usn（+）=v$rollname.usnorderbyrownum
15。
耗资源的进程（topsession）
selects.schemanameschema_name,decode（sign（48-command）,1,
||to_char（command））action,status
session_status,s.osuseros_user_name,s.sid,p.spid,s.serial#serial_num,
nvl（s.username,'
[Oracleprocess]'
）user_name,s.terminalterminal,
s.programprogram,st.valuecriteria_valuefromv$sesstatst,v$sessions,v$processp
wherest.sid=s.sidandst.statistic#=to_number（'
38'
）and（'
ALL'
='
ors.status='
）andp.addr=s.paddrorderbyst.valuedesc,p.spidasc,s.usernameasc,s.osuserasc
16。
查看锁（lock）情况
select/*+RULE*/ls.osuseros_user_name,ls.usernameuser_name,
decode（ls.type,'
RW'
'
Rowwaitenqueuelock'
TM'
DMLenqueuelock'
TX'
'
Transactionenqueuelock'
UL'
Usersuppliedlock'
）lock_type,
o.object_nameobject,decode（ls.lmode,1,null,2,'
RowShare'
3,
RowExclusive'
4,'
Share'
5,'
ShareRowExclusive'
6,'
Exclusive'
null）
lock_mode,o.owner,ls.sid,ls.serial#serial_num,ls.id1,ls.id2
fromsys.dba_objectso,（selects.osuser,s.username,l.type,
l.lmode,s.sid,s.serial#,l.id1,l.id2fromv$sessions,
v$locklwheres.sid=l.sid）lswhereo.object_id=ls.id1ando.owner
<
'
SYS'
orderbyo.owner,o.object_name
17。
查看等待（wait）情况
SELECTv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.countcount,SUM（v$sysstat.value）sum_value
FROMv$waitstat,v$sysstatWHEREv$sysstat.nameIN（'
dbblockgets'
consistentgets'
）groupbyv$waitstat.class,v$waitstat.count
18。
查看sga情况
SELECTNAME,BYTESFROMSYS.V_$SGASTATORDERBYNAMEASC
19。
查看catchedobject
SELECTowner,name,db_link,namespace,
type,sharable_mem,loads,executions,
locks,pins,keptFROMv$db_object_cache
20。
查看V$SQLAREA
SELECTSQL_TEXT,SHARABLE_MEM,PERSISTENT_MEM,RUNTIME_MEM,SORTS,
VERSION_COUNT,LOADED_VERSIONS,OPEN_VERSIONS,USERS_OPENING,EXECUTIONS,
USERS_EXECUTING,LOADS,FIRST_LOAD_TIME,INVALIDATIONS,PARSE_CALLS,DISK_READS,
BUFFER_GETS,ROWS_PROCESSEDFROMV$SQLAREA
21。
查看object分类数量
selectdecode（o.type#,1,'
INDEX'
2,'
TABLE'
3,'
CLUSTER'
4,'
VIEW'
5,
SYNONYM'
6,'
SEQUENCE'
'
OTHER'
）object_type,count（*）quantityfrom
sys.obj$owhereo.type#>
1groupbydecode（o.type#,1,'
3
5,'
）unionselect
COLUMN'
count（*）fromsys.col$unionselect'
DBLINK'
count（*）from
22。
按用户查看object种类
selectu.nameschema,sum（decode（o.type#,1,1,NULL））indexes,
sum（decode（o.type#,2,1,NULL））tables,sum（decode（o.type#,3,1,NULL））
clusters,sum（decode（o.type#,4,1,NULL））views,sum（decode（o.type#,5,1,
NULL））synonyms,sum（decode（o.type#,6,1,NULL））sequences,
sum（decode（o.type#,1,NULL,2,NULL,3,NULL,4,NULL,5,NULL,6,NULL,1））
othersfromsys.obj$o,sys.user$uwhereo.type#>
=1andu.user#=
o.owner#andu.name<
PUBLIC'
groupbyu.nameorderby
sys.link$unionselect'
CONSTRAINT'
count（*）fromsys.con$
23。
有关connection的相关信息
1）查看有哪些用户连接
selects.osuseros_user_name,decode（sign（48-command）,1,to_char（command）,
||to_char（command））action,p.programoracle_process,
statussession_status,s.terminalterminal,s.programprogram,
s.usernameuser_name,s.fixed_table_sequenceactivity_meter,'
query,
0memory,0max_memory,0cpu_usage,s.sid,s.serial#serial_num
fromv$sessions,v$processpwheres.paddr=p.addrands.type='
2）根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况
selectn.name,
v.value,
n.class,
n.statistic#
fromv$statnamen,
v$sesstatv
wherev.sid=71and
v.statistic#=n.statistic#
orderbyn.class,n.statistic#
3）根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql
select/*+PUSH_SUBQ*/
command_type,
sql_text,
sharable_mem,
persistent_mem,
runtime_mem,
sorts,
version_count,
loaded_versions,
open_versions,
users_opening,
executions,
users_executing,
loads,
first_load_time,
invalidations,
parse_calls,
disk_reads,
buffer_gets,
rows_processed,
sysdatestart_time,
sysdatefinish_time,
||addresssql_address,
N'
status
fromv$sqlarea
whereaddress=（selectsql_addressfromv$sessionwheresid=71）
24．查询表空间使用情况
selecta.tablespace_name"
表空间名称"
100-round（（nvl（b.bytes_free,0）/a.bytes_alloc）*100,2）"
占用率（%）"
round（a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2）"
容量（M）"
round（nvl（b.bytes_free,0）/1024/1024,2）"
空闲（M）"
round（（a.bytes_alloc-nvl（b.bytes_free,0））/1024/1024,2）"
使用（M）"
Largest"
最大扩展段（M）"
to_char（sysdate,'
yyyy-mm-ddhh24:
mi:
ss'
）"
采样时间"
from（selectf.tablespace_name,
sum（f.bytes）bytes_alloc,
sum（decode（f.autoextensible,'
YES'
f.maxbytes,'
NO'
f.bytes））maxbytes
fromdba_data_filesf
groupbytablespace_name）a,
（selectf.tablespace_name,
sum（f.bytes）bytes_free
fromdba_free_spacef
groupbytablespace_name）b,
（selectround（max（ff.length）*16/1024,2）Largest,
ts.nametablespace_name
fromsys.fet$ff,sys.file$tf,sys.ts$ts
wherets.ts#=ff.ts#andff.file#=tf.relfile#andts.ts#=tf.ts#
groupbyts.name,tf.blocks）c
wherea.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_nameanda.tablespace_name=c.tablespace_name
25.查询表空间的碎片程度
selecttablespace_name,count（tablespace_name）fromdba_free_spacegroupbytablespace_name
havingcount（tablespace_name）>
10;
altertablespacenamecoalesce;
altertablenamedeallocateunused;
createorreplaceviewts_blocks_vas
selecttablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'
freespace'
segment_namefromdba_free_space
unionall
selecttablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_namefromdba_extents;
select*fromts_blocks_v;
selecttablespace_name,sum（bytes）,max（bytes）,count（block_id）fromdba_free_space
26。
查询有哪些数据库实例在运行
selectinst_namefromv$active_instances;
===========================================================
#########创建数据库----look$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/buildall.sql#############
createdatabasedb01
maxlogfiles10
maxdatafiles1024
maxinstances2
logfile
GROUP1（'
/u01/oradata/db01/log_01_db01.rdo'
）SIZE15M,
GROUP2（'
/u01/oradata/db01/log_02_db01.rdo'
GROUP3（'
/u01/oradata/db01/log_03_db01.rdo'
datafile'
u01/oradata/db01/system_01_db01.dbf'
）SIZE100M,
undotablespaceUNDO
/u01/oradata/db01/undo_01_db01.dbf'
SIZE40M
defaulttemporarytablespaceTEMP
tempfile'
/u01/oradata/db01/temp_01_db01.dbf'
SIZE20M
extentmanagementlocaluniformsize128k
charactersetAL32UTE8
nationalcharactersetAL16UTF16
settime_zone='
America/New_
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