雅思阅读分类词汇.docx
《雅思阅读分类词汇.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《雅思阅读分类词汇.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
![雅思阅读分类词汇.docx](https://file1.bingdoc.com/fileroot1/2023-5/12/46a464e1-89f9-46ff-a772-4ed09cb7fa41/46a464e1-89f9-46ff-a772-4ed09cb7fa411.gif)
雅思阅读分类词汇
雅思阅读分类词汇
雅思阅读分类词汇——文化类
homogeneous同质的homo+gene+ous(<>heterogeneous)^homosexual,heterosexual
mainstream主流主流的
dialect方言(v.s.accent)
discrepancy差异
misconception误解(mis+concept+ion)=misunderstanding
barrier障碍(物)~bar,=barricade
discrimination区别,歧视racial/sexualdiscriminationßdiscriminate(+against)
hierarchy等级制度heir+arch(govern)+y
insularity岛国性质(ßinsular,^island)Britishindustryhasoftenbeencriticizedforitslinguisticinsularity.
microcosm小天地micro+cosm(os)
nostalgia=homesickness
patriot爱国者(<>traitor)àpatriotic,patriotism
compatriot同胞同胞的com+patriot
vernacular本地的,本国的本地话,本国话thevernacularlanguagesofIndia
HispanicAnAmericanwhosefirstlanguagewasSpanish
immigration移入~immigrant,immigratev.s.emigration(~emigrant,emigrate)
antipodesAnytwoplacesorregionsondiametricallyoppositesidesoftheEarth“fromNorthAmericatotheAntipodes”
permeate渗透,弥漫Smokepermeatedthehouse.
entrepreneur企业家(~enterprise)àentrepreneurship
practitioner开业者,从业者praction(practice)+er
celebrityafamousperson=luminary,VIP
proxy代理人
anecdote轶事(àanecdotal)
notoriety恶名(ßnotorious)
counterpart对应人,对等物Who’sGeorgeBush’scounterpartinChina?
^counterculture,counterbalance
peer同等的人凝视,窥视(~peep)
subordinate下级下级的<>superior
tactics战术,技巧v.s.strategy(战略,策略)marketingstrategyv.s.sellingtactics
nuanceasubtledifferenceinmeaning
benchmarking类比分析
punctual准时的,守时的(àpunctuality)
absenteeism旷工absentàabsenteeàabsenteeism
flextime弹性工作时间flex(flexible)+time
harass骚扰(àharassment)MarysaidthatGaryhadsexuallyharassedher.
redundancy冗余,冗员networkredundancy
downsize裁员(~layoff)
ballot投票(=vote)
impartial不偏不倚的(<>partial)
lobby大堂(n.)游说(v.)
shortlist(BE)alistofapplicantswhohavebeendeemedsuitableandfromwhichthesuccessfulpersonwillbechosenà(v.)
equilibrium平衡,均衡
questionnaire调查表,问卷
quantitative定量的(<>qualitative)
contingency偶然性,偶然事件
incur招致incurdebts/hatred/dangerv.s.occur,concur,recur
ethical伦理的,符合伦理的~ethics,<>unethical
dubious疑惑的,可疑的(~doubt)Peopleweredubiousabouttheresult.
manifestation显示,证明(ßmanifest)
subtitle字幕,副标题(sub+title)^subsidiary,submarine,subway(BE:
underground,tube),suburb(~downtown,uptown,outskirts)
dubbing配音录制
vogue时尚^chic
bizarre奇异的v.s.weird(怪异的)
mediocre平庸的
dietitian饮食学家(~diet)
connoisseur行家,鉴赏家^entrée,alacarte
雅思阅读分类词汇——生物/生理类
molecule分子àmolecular
cellàcellular
aminoàaminoacids(氨基酸)
protein蛋白质
enzyme酶(proteinsthatareproducedbycellsandactascatalystsinspecificbiochemicalreactions)
catalyst催化剂
chlorophyll叶绿素“chloro-”:
Cl
photosynthesis光合作用(photo+synthesis)àphotosynthetic
botany植物学(<>zoology)àbotanist,botanical
flora植物群
fauna动物群
bacteriumbacteria(pl.)细菌
fungusfungi(pl.)真菌
algaealga(pl.)海藻
herbàherbal:
~teaàherbicide(^insecticide,pesticide)
carnation康乃馨àreincarnation
fade凋谢,褪色
organism机体,组织ßorgan
arthropod节肢动物v.s.anthropoid(↓)
reptile爬行动物
amphibian两栖动物
mammal哺乳动物(ßmamma!
)
primate灵长目动物
evolution进化(ßevolve)
anthropoid类人猿(“anthrop”:
humankind)~anthropology,philanthropyv.s.ape,gorilla,chimpanzee
gene基因^DNA(deoxyribonucleicacid)~genome(基因组)
genetics遗传学(àgenetical)
helix螺旋,螺旋壮物…analyzeeverysinglegenewithinthedoublehelixofhumanity’sDNA
identical同一的~identity(àIDcard)^clone
mutation突变genemutationàmutable,immutable,mutant
predator捕食者(<>prey)
embryo胚胎àembryonic(萌芽的)
roe鱼子>>>caviar(鱼子酱)
tadpole蝌蚪>>>frog,toad(^told)
caterpillar毛毛虫(cater+pillar)TheAmericanCompany:
Caterpillar(CAT)
grasshopper蚱蜢,蝗虫(=locust)grass+hopper,^bellhop
cricket蟋蟀(另)板球
butterflyv.s.moth^dragonfly,firefly
pollen花粉传粉àpollinate,pollination
hive蜂房>>>honey,^concoction
larvalarvae(pl.)幼虫v.s.lava
pupa蛹àpupate
penguin企鹅v.s.dolphin(海豚)
raccoon浣熊v.s.kangaroo(袋鼠)
hibernate冬眠(=holeup)
torpid麻木的,蛰伏的v.s.torpedo(鱼雷)
cerebral(大)脑的
hemisphere半球(hemi+sphere)
cortex脑皮层
migraine偏头疼ßmigrant
somatic躯体的
limb四肢upper/lowerlimb
anatomy解剖,剖析
paralyze使瘫痪(=incapacitate,immobilize)
artery动脉(<>vein)
gland腺体
pancreas胰
hormone荷尔蒙,激素
cholesterol胆固醇
efficacy功效v.s.efficiency,effectiveness
雅思阅读分类词汇——教育类
accommodation(膳宿)供应=roomandboard
lodging寄宿(处)
lease出租“forlease”,“tolet”v.s.rent
tenant房客,佃户
landlord房东àlandlady(f)ßLord,<>tenant
housemate~roommate,dormmate^schoolmate,classmate
dormitory寝室(abbrev.dorm)
aupairAyoungforeignerwholiveswithafamilyinreturnfordoinglighthousework(另)=reciprocal
reciprocal相互的,互惠的
hostelyouthhostel~hotel
realestate房地产
vicinity=neighborhood
flat平的,瘪的flattire公寓(=apartment)^condo,studio
bond=deposit
linen亚麻的亚麻织品,床单(=bedlinen)
utensil器皿
stationery文具(v.s.stationary)
laundry洗衣,洗衣店
cafeteria自助餐厅~canteen
cater满足(需要)
aerobics有氧健身操“aero”:
air
badminton羽毛球(运动)
baseball棒球baseballbat
squash壁球(运动)
amateur<>professional
gathering聚会v.s.meeting,reunion
excursion远足(=outing,expedition)
commonwealth共和国,联邦Commonwealth:
英联邦
tertiary第三的Afterpurchasingahouseandacar,thenextmajorlifeexpenditureisalmostcertainlythecostoftertiaryeducation.primaryàsecondaryàtertiary
post-secondary“post”:
afterpostgraduate,postdoctoral,post-sale,postwar
illiterate文盲不识字的il(no)+literate(words)àilliteracy(<>literacy)
discipline学科,纪律v.s.subject
terminology术语
facultydepartmentandstaffofacollege/university
dean(大学)教务长
curriculum课程(=course)àextracurricular课外的
syllabus课程提纲
calendar日历,日程(~schedule,agenda,timetable)
compulsory强制的,必修的<>elective(选修的)
examiner<>examinee^take/sit,pass/getthrough,fail,retake/resit
recruit招生,招募àrecruitment=enroll
prestige声望,威信àprestigious
esteem尊敬(n.&v.)youresteemedschool/company
aptitude智力SAT:
SchoolAptitudeTest
matriculation录取入学
vocation职业(=calling,occupation,career)àvocationalvocationaleducation
TAFETechnicalAndFurtherEducation(Australian)
abbreviation缩略(词)~abridge(缩短,删节)
transferable(学分等)可转换的
scholarship奖学金=fellowship
tutorial辅导(课)ßtutor(=lecturer,instructor)
pedagogue教员,学究~pedagogy(教育学,教学法)^demagogue(政治煽动家)
lexicography词典编撰(àlexicographer)
assignment任务,(课外)作业
dissertation论文(=thesis)
credential证明,文凭“cred”:
creditlinguisticcredentials
alumni校友(男)<>alumnae
overestimate高估(<>underestimate)
decipher解码,解释(=decode)decipherworkplaceculture
caliber才干
雅思阅读分类词汇——环境类
conservation保护,保存(ßconserve)v.s.conversation
environmentalist=conservationist
acid酸酸的(<>alkali)acidrain
carbon碳(C)v.s.charcoal(炭)carbondioxide,carbonmonoxide
fumeexhaustfumesv.s.smoke,fog,smog
petroleum石油àpetrol(BE)=gasoline/gas(AE)àunleadedpetrol/gas
ozone臭氧(o+zone)ozonelayer
ooze渗出渗出物
radiation辐射ultraviolet(UV)radiation~radioactive
greenhouse温室greenhouseeffect/gases
solar太阳的(solarenergy)^lunar(lunarcalendar)
phenomenon现象
catastrophe=disaster,cataclysm
deterioration恶化(ßdeteriorate)
extinction灭绝(ßextinct)
speciesendangeredspecies
drought干旱(^“找它”)>>>faminev.s.flooding
recurrent重复发生的re+(oc)cur+rentv.s.concurrent
inundate淹没^“淹掉它”
embankment筑堤(em+bank+ment)
sediment沉积(物)=deposit
delta三角洲thePearlRiverDelta
alluvial冲积的
desertificationßdesert(v.s.dessert)
dust-storm沙尘暴^thunderstorm,brainstorm
barren贫瘠的,不育的,无效的
dunesanddunethegame“DUNE”!
attributable归因于beattributableto…
deforestation滥砍滥伐(森林)de+forest+ation<>afforestation/reforestation
log原木,日志伐木v.s.logo
vegetation植物,植被v.s.vegetable,vegetarian
habitat栖息地ßhabit(Habitisthesecondnature.)
ecosystem生态系统(eco+system)~ecology
viabilityßviable“vi”:
life养育能力Onetoolforassessingtheimpactofforestryontheecosystemispopulationviabilityanalysis.
demographic人口统计的demo(people)+graph(write)+ic
interdependenceinter+dependence
counterbalance使平衡,弥补(=offset)counter(against)+balance
mechanism机理,机制
precipitation陡降,降水(ßprecipice)<>evaporation
circulation流通,循环
tideàtidalwave(海啸)<>ebb<< typhoon~tornado,hurricane
meteorology气象(学)
volcano火山
eruption喷发(ßerupt)volcaniceruption>>>lava
granite花岗岩
imminent=impendingv.s.eminent
Celsius摄氏的37OCv.s.centigrade
Fahrenheit华氏的
latitude纬度(另)longitude,altitude
tropicalß(the)tropicstropical/torridzone,temperatezone,frigidzone
glacier冰川
dump倾倒,倾销àanti-dumping
contaminate弄脏(àcontaminant)
recycle回收再利用
irreversible不可逆的(=irrevocable)
reclaim开垦,改造àreclamation
contentious有争议的(ßcontend)Manyenvironmentalissuestodayarehighlycontentious.
opt选择(+for)àoption
prioritize优先考虑(ßprior,priority)
雅思阅读分类词汇——科技类
ubiquitous普遍存在的=omnipresent(^omniscient,omnipotent)
versatile(人)多才多艺的,(物)通用的àversatility
alchemy炼金术
transmute变形,变质transmutesilverintogold(!
)
arduous艰巨的(=strenuous)anarduoustask
pitfall陷阱,未预见之困难
metallurgy冶金
alloy合金
aluminum=aluminium(BE)^calcium,uranium,radium^copper,brass,bronze
electrode电极
distill蒸馏distilledwater
quartz石英
phosphorus磷,磷光物质
inflammable易燃的(ßflame)
combustion燃烧(àcombustible)spontaneouscombustion(whitephosphorus)
ceramic陶瓷的瓷器(àceramics)
insulate隔离,绝缘àinsulator(<>conductor)
fiber纤维(BE:
fi