华约自主招生6选5英语阅读理解Word下载.docx
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(1)________________________
Thebroadoutlinesofaneffectiveandefficientresponsetoglobalwarminghavebeenclearforyears.AsystemtocapCO2emissionsandtradeemissionallowanceswouldchannelresourcestowardthemostcost-effectivereductionmeasures.Andwidespreadadoptionofefficiencystandardsforappliances,vehiclesandbuildingswouldhelpcompaniesandindividualsuselessenergy.
(2)_____________Whilethatremainstheultimategoal,ithassofarprovendevilishlycomplextoformulate.Apossiblenextstepwouldbetoformagreementsbetweensmallergroupsofpivotalcountriestocapemissionsfromindividualhigh-emittingsectorsoftheireconomies.(3)______________Sectorstofocusonincludepowergeneration,whichaccountsforabout35%ofglobalCO2emissions,andproductionofcement,chemicals,andsteel.
Involvingalimitednumberofthemostimportantcountrieswouldfacilitateacompromise.Suchdealswouldeaseconcernincompetitiveglobalindustriesthatstrictemissionrulesinoneregionwouldputcompaniesatadisadvantagerelativetorivalsincountrieswithlessstrictpolicies.
ClimatenegotiatorsshouldalsogiveCO2captureandstorage(CCS)highpriority.Whileincreaseduseofrenewableandnuclearenergywillhelpreduceemissions,bythemselvestheywillnotbeabletokeepupwithfast-growingenergydemand.(4)___________________
PolicymakersshouldpromoteCCSinseveralways.First,theymustputapriceonCO2emissions.Theycoulddosobycappingemissionsandcreatingamarketinwhichcompaniescanbuyandsellemissionallowances,asintheEuropeanEmissionsTradingScheme.Second,CCSneedstoberecognizedwithintheKyotoprotocol'
sCleanDevelopmentMechanism,throughwhichdevelopedcountriescaninvestinemission-reductionprojectsindevelopingcountries.
Finally,governmentsshouldstimulatethedevelopmentandcommercialdemonstrationoftechnologiesthatholdpromiseforalow-carbonenergyfuture.(5)_________________________
Nooneknowsiftheeconomiccrisiswilllastmonthsoryears.ButagoodoutcomeinCopenhagenwouldservetheworldfordecadestocomebysparkinggrowthandtakingstepstocontrolgreenhousegasemissions.
A.Doingsocouldkick-startprivateinvestmentandhelptofueleconomicrecovery.
B.Suchadealcouldincludemechanismsfortransferringclean-coaltechnologyfromdevelopedcountriestodevelopingones.
C.Thedramaticdropinenergypricesinrecentmonthsmakesitlesslikelythatprivateinvestorswillgambleonunproventechnologies.
D.Suchagreementscouldbeimportantbuildingblocksforabroaderdeal.
E.Fossilfuels,likeitornot,willremaintheworld'
smainsourceofenergyfordecades.
F.Untilnow,negotiatorshaveaimedforaglobaldealpalatabletodevelopedanddevelopingcountriesalike.
PassageTwo
Manypeoplegothroughlife'
susualphasesofupsanddownswhicharecommonandnormalstagesinlife,butwhenyourself-esteemislow,youmayneedtoknowhowtoboostyourself-esteem,sinceitcanleadtoproblemsyoumaynothavethoughtof.
Self-esteemisthemeasurementorthevalueofhowapersonknowshisworthanditseffectsarelife-changinganddramatic,sinceitmakesupaperson’sattitudeandoutlooktowardslife.
(1)____________Butwhenself-esteemislow,youcaneithersulkandbesadorbeafraidtotryoutnewthingsortakerisksandchanceswithyourlove-life,career,relationshipsandself-improvement.
(2)___________Ournormalresponsestothesecircumstancesandsituationsaregovernedbyhowwevalueourselvesandhowoutdecisionsaredictatedbytheseconditions.
Facedwithtoughdecisionsinlife,themoreself-esteemonehas,thebetter.Itisforthatpersontomakesounddecisions,eveninthefaceofpeerpressureorstressatworkandathome.Letustrytolookintosomeofthecommonandbestpracticeswhichhavebeentriedandtestedtohelpboostself-esteem.
Alwayscomplimentyourselfdaily,especiallybytryingtolookforspecifictasksyoudidwellforthatdayandcongratulateyourselfforit.(3)______Listdownallthingsyouaregoodatdoingandachieving,beitatalent,skill,sportorbuildingupotherpeople.
Youcanaddmorefocustothesegoodpointsandfuelourpassiontodobetterandmakeyounotonlyunderstandyourselfmore,butalsogiveyouthetruemeaningandmeasurementofselfworthandthisishowyouseeyourselfasimportant.
Appreciationofone’sphysicalappearanceandbearingcanalsobeyoursourceofself-esteem,beitthesizeandshapeofyourbody,youroverallphysicalstructureoruniquefeatures.Yourbodycanbeyoursourceofprideandwillhelpyouunderstandhowyouwouldlikeotherstoseeyou,orworkonyourphysicalappearancetoboostself-moraleandsatisfaction.
Sometimeswhenyoutendtoseethingsinadifferentlightorperspectivefromothers,don’tfocustoomuchonmakingsurethatwhatyouthinkwillcausethingstochange.(4)________
Whenyouhavegoodself-esteemyouwillrealizethatwhatyoudidwasrightandwasmadeunderyourownfoodjudgment,soundprinciplesandconceptsbasedonyourpersonaloutlookandattitudetowardslife.
Donotletnegativefeedbackaffectyou.Ofcourse,onecannothelpbutfeelbadaboutnegativecommentsorreactions,butyouhavetoconsiderthatthesearetestsagainstyourcharacterandpersonality.(5)Sotrytolookatyourselfandsee,andifyoufeellessimportantorarenotsatisfiedwithhowyouseeandlookatthings,thenthinkaboutwaysonhowtoboostyourself-esteem.You’llthankyourselfforit.
Nowyoucanunderstandwhythere’sagrowinginterestinself-esteem.Whenpeoplestartlookingformoreinformationaboutself-esteem,you’llbeinapositiontomeettheirneeds.
A.Self-esteemplaysakeyroleinthematurityofaperson,especiallywhentryingtogetawayfromadangeroussituation,goingthroughaseriesoftrialsinlife.
B.Simplyput,self-esteemisthefuelthatmakesyoufeelimportantorlovedbyothers.
C.Moreoftentimesitwillnot,butdon’tletthatcloudyourperceptionaboutyourself.
D.Nowthatwe’vecoveredthoseaspectsofself-esteem,let’sturntosmeoftheotherfactorsthatneedtobeconsidered.
E.Itwillgiveyouaregularmotivationtoworkharderandbettertoimproveyourselfanddevelopyoursenseofmaturityasaperson.
F.Whenyourself-esteemishigh,youarelesslikelytobeaffectedbythesesituations.
PassageThree
Whilemuchofthedebateoneconomicgrowthinrecentyearshasfocusedonitsimpactontheenvironmentandtheabilityofourplanettosustainit,RichardEasterlinhereposesadifferentquestion:
Doeseconomicgrowthbringincreasedhappinessfortheindividual?
Ifso,doesitalsobringincreasedhappinessforsocietyasawhole?
EasterlinisProfessorofEconomicsattheUniversityofPennsylvania.
(1)____________________Moremoneymeansmoregoods(inflationaside)andthusmoreofthematerialbenefitsoflife.Asitisfortheindividual,soitisforsocietyasawhole.Nationaleconomicgrowth-asteadyupwardmarchinaverageincome,yearafteryear,decadeafterdecade-means,itissupposed,greaterwell-beingandahappiersociety.
Therehavealwaysbeenthosewhoquestioned,onmoralorphilosophicgrounds,theidentificationofhumanwell-beingwithmaterialpursuits.
(2)____Butthequestionofwhattheevidenceisontherelationbetweenmoneyandhappinesshasremained,withafewexceptions,untouched.Arethewealthiermembersofsociety,usuallyhappierthanthepoorer?
Doesraisingtheincomesofallincreasethehappinessofall:
?
Doubtless,themainreasonforneglectofthisbasicfactualquestionhasbeentheabsenceofdataonhappiness.SinceWorldWarⅡ,however,reportsonpersonalhappinesshavebeenobtainedinanumberofnationalpopulationsurveyshereandabroad.Recently,Ibroughttogether,forascholarlyarticle,thedatafrom30surveysconductedin19developedandlessdevelopedcountriesandanalyzedtherelationbetweenreportedhappinessandincome.Becausethesedataandthisareaofresearcharesonew,thefindingscanonlybeconsideredtentative.Buttheresultsareprovocativeandtheimplicationsworthyofmoregeneraldiscussion-hencethisbriefsummaryforawideraudience.Theconcernhere,itshouldbeemphasized,isnotwithmoraljudgmentsabouttheviewthatmoneywillmakeonehappy.(3)______
Theconclusions,towhichtheevidencepoints,inbrief,arethese.Inallsocieties,moremoneyfortheindividualtypicallymeansmoreindividualhappiness.(4)____________Thehappiness-incomerelationprovidesaclassicexampleofthelogicalfallacyofcomposition-whatistruefortheindividualisnottrueforsocietyasawhole.
(5)_______________Individualsassesstheirmaterialwell-being,notintermsoftheabsoluteamountofgoodstheyhave,butrelativetoasocialnormofwhatgoodstheyoughttohave.Atanygiventime,thoseabovethenormtypicallyfeelhappierthanthosebelow.Overtime,however,theprocessofeconomicadvanceleadsnotonlytoageneralincreaseinincomes,butalsotoacorrespondingriseinthesocialnormbywhichmaterialwell-beingisjudged.Thisincreaseinmaterialaspirationsinasociety,itselfproduce