>^Over1,300,000,000,000kgoffoodiswasted.
探ThefoodwastedinEuropecanfeed200,000,000people,andthefoodwastedinLatinAmericacanfeed300,000,000people.
iteach
year
Waystostopfoodwaste
♦Onlyorderasmuchasyoucaneatatarestaurant.
♦Taketherestoffoodhomeifyoucan'teatallyou'veordered.
♦Don'tbetoopickyaboutfood・
♦Besurenotto4morefoodathomethanyouneed.
5included
♦energy♦time♦water
1.2.
3.4.
5.
16年成都中考阅读表达
B.完成表格。
阅读下面短文,根据其内容,完成表格中所缺的信息。
(共10小题,每小题1分;计10分)
Humanshavefivesenses:
sight,hearing,smell,tasteandtouch.Theycollectinformationforthebrain.Forexample,theeyescollectinformationonpicturesandtheearscollectinformationonsounds.Sometimesapersonlosesasense.Theirothersensesbecomebetter.Forexample,ablindpersonhasmuchbettersensesofhearingandtouch.
Sight
Theeyescanonlyseewithlight.Lightcarriesthepictureofsomethingintotheeyessohumanscanseeit.Butdoyouknowthatthepictureisupsidedown?
Thebrainhastoturnthepicturetherightwayupagain.
Hearing
Soundstravelthroughtheairlikewaves(波)•Humanearsarelikecups.Theycatchsoundwavesforthebrainandthebraintranslatesthemasdifferentsounds.
Smell
Humanssmellwiththeirnoses.Mostpeoplecanrecognizeabout10,000kindsofsmell.Thisisamazing!
Humanseachhavefivemillionreceptorcells(感受细胞)intheirnoses.Nosesarenotonlyforsmelling.Theyalsocleanandwarmtheairthatpeoplebreathein.Howdoesthenosepreventthedirtyairfromgettingintothebody?
Well,itsneezes(打喷嚏)!
Touch
Therearereceptorcellsforthesenseoftouchalloverthebody.Thisisdifferentfromtheothersenses.Touchreceptorcellsareinthelowestpartoftheskin.Theyhelpthebodytohaveallkindsoffeelingslikepain,coldandheat.Somepartsofthebody(likethefinger)aremoresensitive(敏感的)thanotherpartsofthebody(liketheback)becausetheyhavemoretouchreceptorcells-
Taste
Peoplecantastefoodbecausetheyhaveabout10,000tastebuds(味蕾)ontheirtongues.Oldtastebudsdieandnewonescomeouteverytwoweeks.Butwhenpeoplegetolder,thishappenslessoften.That"swhyoldpeopleoftencomplaintheirfoodistasteless.Scientistsalsofindthatsmokershavefewertastebuds.Doyouwantfoodtotastegood?
Well,don'tsmoke!
Forhundredsofyears,peopleknewthebasictastesweresour,sweet,saltyandbiMer(苦)•In2002,afifthtaste,umami(delicioustaste)joinedthelist.Now,astudyfromPurdueUniversityintheUSfoundthatfatcouldactuallybethesixthbasictaste.
Tobeconsideredabasicone,atasteneedstobeabletoactivatecertainreceptorcellsinthemouths.Astudyhasshownthathumanshavefatreceptorsinthemouths.Notlongafterthat,ascientistmadeastudytotestasecondquestion:
canpeopletastethedifferencebetweenfatandothertastes?
RichardMattesgavethetesterssixdifferentkindsofthings.Eachkindhadataste:
sweet,salty,sour,bitter,umamiorthenewcomer一fat.Mattesaskedthepeopletopickouttastesbytheirdifferences-Thiswastotestwhetherornotfatwouldbepickedoutfromthegroup.Mostofthetesterscouldclearlyfindoutthedifferenttasteoffat.
Thenhowdoesfattaste?
Tt,sterrible?
"Mattessaid."However,thetastecanbepleasantinasmallamountJustasweenjoythebitternessofchocolate:
senses
1
factsaboutthesenses
sight
eyes
Picturesofrealthingsarccompletelydifferentin2^fromthosecarriedbylightintotheeyes.
hearing
ears
Soundwavescaughtbycarsmustgothroughaprocesslikc3sothatwccanheardiftcrcntsounds-
smell
nose
Thefiinctionsofnosearcsmelling,cleaningandwanningtheairpeoplebreathein.Sneezingisthewayto4_thedirtyairwcbreathein.
touch
5_
Peoplefeelpain,coldandheat6_thehinctionofthereceptors.Sothemoretouchreceptorswchave,themorcscnsitivcwcarc.
taste
tongue
Oldtastebudsdieandnewonescomeoutevery2weeks・Losingacertainamountoftastebuds1_thattheoldandthesmokershaveabadsenseoftaste.Tlicycaiftenjoytastyfoodlikeothers.
soursweetsaltybitterumami
onenewlyfoundtaste
Ascientificstudyhasprovedpeoplehavefatreceptorsinthemouth.One2_studyshows:
peoplecanclearly10thetasteoffatfromothertastes.
2.
2015年成都中考
B.阅读下面短文,根据其内容,补全表格中所缺信息。
请将答案按编号依次填
入表格内的题号后横线上。
(共10小题,每小题1分;计10分)
Haveyouevernoticedthatyouseemtolearnfasterincertainclassesbutslowlyinothers?
Maybeyouthinkit'sbecauseofthediflbrcntdifficultiesofsubjects,buttherealreasonisthatourlearningtypesaredifferent.
Now,youmaywonderwhatalearningtypeisandhowtofindyours-Therearemainlythreedifferentlearningtypes:
Visual,AuditoryandKinesthetic.Youcanbeacombination(混合)oflearningtypes,butmostpeoplehaveonemaintype.Visuallearnerslearnbestbyseeing.Ifyouseem
toeasilyrememberinformationfrompictures,chartsandvideos,youarelikelyavisuallearne匚Auditorylearnerslearnbestbyhearing.Ifyouseemtorememberthingsbyhearingthem,thenyouarelikelyanauditorylearner.Kinestheticlearnerslearnbestbydoing.Ifyouseemtolearnbestbyworkingwithyourhandsortestingoutwhatyouareshown,youarelikelyakinestheticlearner.
Sonowthatyouknowyourpersonallearningstyle,thetrickistofindouthowtouseyournew-foundknowledgetohelpyouinyourclasses.
TipsforVisualLearners
*Payattention!
Forvisuallearners,thisisveryimportant!
IfyourteacherusesaPowerPoint,watchthepicturescarefullyandfindoutwhattheymightincludeandtheirhiddenmeanings.
*Takenotesbydrawingchartsandconnectingideasinsteadofjustcopyingdownalist.Thisway,yourbrainwilleasilyconnectthedifferentconcepts(概念).Youcanevendrawpicturesifyoufindthatworksbetterforyou.
*Markyournotesoryournotecardsindifferentcolors.Thiswillhelpyourbraininkeepingalloftheinformationseparate.Differentcolorsshowdifferenttypesofinformationorimportance.
*DownloadthePowerPointifyourteacherputsitonQQ.Thisway,youcanreviewthembeforeanexam.
TipsforAuditoryLearners
Again,payattention!
Ifyouaren^tlisteningwhilethelectureishappening,thenasanauditorylearner,youremissingtheeasiestwayforyoutolearn・
*Ifyourteacherallowsyoutorecordthelecture,recorditforfuturelistening.
*Ifyoufindthattalkingnotesstopsyoufromlistening,askafriendifyoucanborrowhisorhernotesorwritedowneverythingyourememberrightafterthelesson.
TipsforKinestheticLearners
*Thefirstpointispayingattentiononceagain!
Forkinestheticlearners,it'sespeciallyimportanttotakenoteseitherbywritingortyping,inordertoactivelygetinformationasyoureceiveit.
*Makeuseoflaboratoriesandotherclassactivities.Focusonwhatyou'relearningfromtheexperienceandpaycloseattentiontotheprocessthatyougothrough.
*Visualize!
Thatistoimagineyourselfpickingupinformationandputtingitintoa
category(类另【」)•Thismaysoundsilly,butinthiswayyou're“doing"somethingwithoutactuallyphysicallydoingit.
*Rewritenotesandrereadinformation.Trytotranslatetheinformationinto
examples.Thiscanhelpkinestheticlearnersrememberwhattheyneedtoknow.
Thewriter'swritingpurpose:
1
2
3
advice
Visual
learnbestbyseeing
Inclass:
IfyourteacherusesaPowerPoint,watchthepicturescarefullyandtryto4
themcompletely.Drawchar