英语六级听力原文卷一Word文件下载.docx

英语六级听力原文卷一Word文件下载.docx

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Anyotherinterestinginformationinthesurvey

Yes.Forexample,25%oftheworkingpeopleintervieweddescribedthemselvesas'

veryhappy'

atwork.However,20%ofemployeesdescribedthemselvesasbeingunhappy.

That’squitealotofunhappypeopleatworkeveryday.

Itis,isn’titAndtherewereseveralmoreinterestingconclusionsrevealedbythesurvey.Firstofall,smallisbeautiful:

peopledefinitelypreferworkingforsmallerorganizationsorcompanieswithlessthan100staff.Wealsofindoutthat,generallyspeaking,womenwerehappierintheirworkthanmen.

Yes,weare,aren’twe

Andworkersonpart-timecontracts,whoonlywork4or5hoursaday,arehappierthanthosewhoworkfull-time.Theresearchersconcludedthatthisisprobablyduetoabetterwork-lifebalance.

Arebosseshappierthantheiremployees

Yes,perhapsnotsurprisingly,thehigherpeoplegoinacompany,thehappiertheyare.Soseniormanagersenjoytheirjobsmorethanpeopleworkingunderthem.

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

Q1:

Whatisthefactorthatmadeemployeeshappyaccordingtothesurvey

Q2:

Whatisthepercentageofthepeoplesurveyedwhofeltunhappyatwork

Q3:

Whatkindofcompaniesarepopularwithemployees

Q4:

Whatisthepossiblereasonforpeopleonpart-timecontractstobehappier

Mr.DeKeyzer,I'

magreatloverofyourbookMomentsBeforetheFlood.Canyoutellushowyoufirstbecameinterestedinthissubjectmatter

In2006,whentheconcerthallofthecityofBrugesaskedmetotakesomepicturesforacatalogueforanewconcertseasonaroundthethemeofwater,IfoundmyselfworkingalongtheBelgiancoastline.Astherehadbeennumerousalarmingarticlesinthepressaboutaclimatecatastrophewaitingtohappen,Istartedlookingattheseaandthebeachverydifferently,aplacewhereIspentsomanyperfectdaysasachild.Thisfearofaloomingdangerbecamethesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject.

Youwroteinthebook:

"

Idon’twanttophotographthedisaster,Iwanttophotographthedisasterwaitingtohappen.”Canyoutalkabitaboutthat

ItisclearnowthatitisamatteroftimebeforetheentireEuropeancoastlinedisappearsunderwater.Thesamegoesfornumerousbigcitiesaroundtheworld.Myideawastophotographthisbeautifulandveryuniquecoastline,richinhistory,beforeit’stoolate—asalastwitness.

Canyoutalkabitabouthowhistoryplaysaroleinthisproject

Sure.TheprojectisalsoaboutthehistoryofEuropelookingattheseaandwonderingwhenthenextenemywouldappear.Intheimages,youseeallkindsofpossibledefenseconstructionstoholdbacktheRomans,Germans,Vikings,andnownatureasenemynumberone.Forexample,thereistheimageofthebridgeintotheseatakenattheNormandyD-Daylandingsite.Also,Venice,thecityeternallythreatenedbythesea,whereeverymorningwoodenpathwayshavetobesetuptoallowtouriststoreachtheirhotels.

Thankyou,Mr.DeKeyzer.Itwasapleasuretohaveyouwithustoday.

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

Q5.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebookMomentsBeforetheFlood

Q6.Whendidthemangethisideaforthework

Q7.Whatwillhappenwhentheclimatecatastropheoccurs

Q8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutVenice

SectionB

Passage1

Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeopletendtorehearsetheirdefeatbyspendingtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheworst.Iremembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowasabouttobeginherfirstjurytrial.Shewasverynervous.Iaskedwhatimpressionshewantedtomakeonthejury.Shereplied:

”Idon’twanttolooktooinexperienced,Idon’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirsttrial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimstothedon’tssyndrome—aformofnegativegoalssetting.Thedon’tscanbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmindresponsetopictures.

ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshowsamentalimagefiresthenervesystemthesamewayasactuallydoingsomething.Thatmeanswhenagolfertellshimself:

”Don’thittheballintothewater.”Hismindseestheimageoftheballflyingintothewater.Soguesswheretheballwillgo

Consequently,beforegoingintoanystressfulsituation,focusonlyonwhatyouwanttohavehappen.Iaskedthelawyeragainhowshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial.Andthistimeshesaid:

”Iwanttolookprofessionalandself-assured.”Itoldhertocreateapictureofwhatself-assuredwouldlooklike.Toher,itmeantmovingconfidentlyaroundthecourtroom,usingconvincingbodylanguageandprojectinghervoice,soitcouldbeheardfromthejudge’sbenchtothebackdoor.Shealsoimaginedaskillfulclosingargumentandawinningtrial.Afewweeksafterthispositivestress（不确定）rehearsal,theyounglawyerdidwin.

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Q9:

whatdosomepeopledowhentheyfaceanewsituation

Q10:

whatdoestheresearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshow

Q11:

whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetopeopleinastressfulsituation

Q12:

whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerinthecourt

Passage2

MostAmericansdon’teatenoughfruits,vegetablesorwholegrains,researchersnowsaysaddingfibertoteendietmayhelplowertheriskofbreastcancer.

Conversationsaboutthebenefitsoffiberareprobablymorecommoninnursinghomesthanhighschools.Butalongcomesanewstudythatcouldchangethat.KristiKing，adietspecialistatTexasChildren'

sHospitalfindsit'

shardtogetteenagerpatients’attentionabouthealthyeatingbuttellingthemthateatinglotsofhigh-fiberfoodscouldreducetheriskofbreastcancerbeforemiddleage.That'

sapowerfulmessage.

Thenewfindingisbasedonastudyof44,000women.Theyweresurveyedabouttheirdietsduringhighschool,andtheireatinghabitsweretrackedfortwodecades.Itturnsoutthatthosewhoconsumedthehighestlevelsoffiberduringadolescencehadalowerriskofdevelopingbreastcancer,comparedtothewomenwhoatetheleastfiber.Thisimportantstudydemonstratesthatthemorefiberyoueatduringyourhighschoolyears,theloweryourriskisindevelopingbreastcancerinlaterlife.

Thefindingpointstolong-standingevidencethatfibermayreducecirculatingfemalehormonelevels,whichcouldexplainthereducedrisk.Thebottomlinehereisthemorefiberyoueat,perhaps,alowerlevelofhormoneinyourbody,andtherefore,alowerlifetimeriskofdevelopingbreastcancer.High-fiberdietsarealsolinkedtoareducedriskofheartdiseaseanddiabetes.That'

swhywomenaretoldtoeat25gramsafiberaday-menevenmore.

Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Q13.Whatdoesthenewstudytellaboutaddingfibertotheteendiet

Q14.Whatdowelearnaboutthesurveyofthe44,000women

Q15.Whatexplanationdoesthespeakerofferfortheresearchfinding

Wellmycurrentresearchisreallyaboutconsumerbehavior.SorecentlyI'

velookedatyoungpeople'

sdrinkingandit'

sobviouslyamajorconcerntoGovernmentatthemoment.

I'

vealsolookedathowolderpeoplearerepresentedinthemedia;

again,it'

sofmajorcurrentinterestwitholderpeoplebecomingamuchlargerproportionofUKandindeedworldsociety.

malsointerestedinhowconsumersoperateonline,andhowthatonlinebehaviormightbedifferentfromhowtheyoperateofflinewhentheygototheshops.

Well,Ithinkthattheimportantthinghereistoactuallyunderstandwhat'

shappeningfromtheconsumer'

sperspective.OneofthethingsthatbusinessesandindeedGovernmentorganizationsoftenfailtodoistoreallyseewhatishappeningfromtheconsumer'

sperspective.

Forexample,inthecaseofyoungpeople'

sdrinking,oneofthethingsthatI'

veidentifiedisthatdrinkingforpeoplesaybetweentheagesof18and24isallaboutthesocialactivity.

AlotoftheGovernmentadvertisinghasbeenaboutindividualresponsibility,butactuallyunderstandingthatdrinkingisverymuchaboutthesocialactivityandfindingwaystohelpyoungpeoplegethomesafelyandnotendupinhospitalisoneofthethingsthatwe'

vetriedtopresentthere.

Thekeythingaboutconsumerbehavioristhatit'

sverymuchabouthowconsumerschange.Marketsalwayschangefasterthanmarketing;

sowehavetolookatwhatconsumersaredoing.

CurrentlyIteachconsumerbehaviortoundergraduatesintheirsecondyearandwelookatallkindsofthingsinconsumerbehaviorandparticularlyhowconsumersarepresentedinadvertising.

Sotheygetinvolvedbylookingatadvertisingandreallycriticallyassessingtheconsumerbehavioraspectsofitandgettinginvolvedsometimesdoingprimaryresearch.

Forexample,lastyearmystudentsspentaweeklookingattheirownpurchasingandanalyzeditindetailfrom