物流市场调研外文参考文献原文及译文综合报告Word文档下载推荐.docx

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时间2012-04-5

原文：

StudiesonLogisticsandLogisticsTechnologyofChina

LuoYixin

（DepartmentofIndustryandCommerceManagement,HumanCollegeofFinanceandEconomics,HumanChansha410205）

Received15July2004

Abstract

ForfurtherpushingaheadwiththedevelopmentofChina’slogisticsindustry，theauthor，basedonthestatusquoofChina'

slogisticsindustry，alfirmstheachievementsmadeinthedevelopmentcourseoftheindustryofChina．Bystudyingvariousrespectsoftheindustryincludingtheunderstandingoflogistics，standardsoftechnicalterms，logisticstechnologiesandmanagement，theauthoranalyzesthemajorproblemsexistenceinChina’scurrentlogisticsindustryandputsforwardtherationalizationproposal．

Keywords：

logistics；

development；

problem；

measure

1 

Preface

Modemlogisticsindustryiscurrentlyoneofthemostpopulartrades．SinceChinaintroducedtheconceptoflogisticsfromabroadinearly1980s，logisticsindustryhasbeendevelopedrapidly．Atpresent，ourcountryalreadyhasquitealotoflogisticsparksandcenters，developsaseriesofmodemlogisticstechnologiesandobtainsalargenumberofinnovationaccomplishmentsbearingself-determinationintelectualpropertyrights．Amongthosearetypicalonessuchasthedevelopmentofintegrationlogisticsmanagementsystemwithself-determinationintelectualpropertyrights（LOG++／SMCS）in2003.Thereal—timeconnectionwithfamousERPsystem（SAPR／3）hasbeenrealized，thesystemradicallychangestheunicityandlowintegritylevelofChina’straditionallogisticsandthussymbolizesthatdomesticlogisticssoftwarehasbeeninlinewithinternationalnoFInsformodernlogisticsmanagementsystem．Anotherexampleisthenewstructural—typequickstackerthathastheoperationspeedof0—150m／rain．1iftingspeedof0—40m／minandforkingspeedof0—20／40m／rain,bearingself-determinationintellectualpropertyrightsdevelopedinthesameyear．Laserrangingtechnologyisappliedtothesysteminhorizontaldirection．resultingthatthedistance—measuringerroris±

1mmwithin500metersandpositioningaccuracyis±

3mm．Fortheverticaldirection．duetotheapplicationofrotaryencoderplustooth—betechnique，positioningaccuracyreaches±

3mm．Inthisway．thesystemsuccessfullyintegratesavarietyofnew—typedetectingtechnologiesinvolvinglaserlocation，rotaryencoderandtoth—belteranging．integrationhasbeenutilizedforpositioningandthenradicallyalteredtraditionalpositioningmethod．Besides，theadoptionofredundancyandtroubleshootingtechniquedramaticallyincreasesthesystem'

sefficiencyandreliability．Theadoptionofovertennewtechsconsistingofnew—typeforkingstructureandloadingplatformwithdimensiondetectorandbarcodesensorhaspromotedthetechnicaladvancementofkeyequipmentsusedinlogisticsindustryaswellasgreatlynarrowedthegapbetweenChinaandinternationaladvancedcountriesintermsokeyequipments．In2003。

apatentproductatworld—leadingplace，thepush—pulllaserguidingAGVcart，ca／Beintomarket．Everhasneverbeenasimilarproductbothathomeandabroad．isAGVcart．havingconquerednumbersofdifficultiesaspathplanning，reflectingboardlayoutandpinpointingposition，cantravelandlocateitspositionsafelyandflexiblyinrollingmachineunits．Inotherwords，itrealizescompleteautomationdelivery．In2003，domesticenterprisesdesignedandappliedautomaticsupplementary—materialsallocationsystemequippedwithvision—identificationmovablerobot．systemwasrankingatinternationalleadingstage．Inyear2003,thankstothesuccessfuldevelopmentsofHongHeCigaretteFactory’sautomaticlogisticssystemandLegend’sintegrationlogisticssystem，numbersofblanksindomesticlogisticsindustryare叫ed。

quantitiesofleadinglogisticssystemsandequipmentsaleproducedandthegapbetweenChinaandothercountriesadvancedinkeyequipmentsandprimaryindexesarereduced．Throughyearsofresearchandexploration．TaiYuanGangYuStorageCompany，bycoperationwithscientificresearchinstitutes，successfinallydevelopedautomatizationtiredwarehousefacilityassistedbycomputerplanninganddesigningtechnology，whichisattheleadingplaceintheworld.Withthesupportandregardfromalllevelsofgovernmentaldepartments，China’smodernlogisticsindustryisnowtakingunprecedentedmomentumanddevelopingrapidly．

However，it’sworthbeingpointedoutthat，asfarasthewholeisconcerned．China’slogisticsindustryisstillinaninitialstage．China’sGDPin2000was8.94×

1000billionRMB．ofwhichtheaddedvalueofcirculationareaaccountsformerely8．1％．11}lisnumberismuchlowerthanthatofdevelopedcountriesliketheUnitedStates．JapanandUK．In2000，thesaleofWalMart，oneoftheworldretailinggiants，wasUS193.3billion，correspondingto46％ofChina’stotalanualsalesinretailing．Ontopofthat．theannualsaleofWAIMARTisontheincreasebyUS$20—30billiondollarsayear．Domestically，theannualsaleofourleadingretailer，ShanghaiUnilever，issimply11billionRMB．accountingforabout7％ofMart．Fromtheabovestatistics，it’sbynomeansdifficultforonetofindoutthatdistantgapoflogisticsindustriesexistsbetweenChinaanddevelopedcountries．Ofcourse，onthecontrary，thestatisticsalsotellusthattherearegreatdevelopmentpotentialandspaceregardinglogisticsindustryinChina.Manyproblems，someofwhichevenalethebottlenecksofChina’smodernlogistics，areavailableinthecourseofdevelopment．Greatimportancetotheseproblemsshouldbeattached，whichareworthyoftheconcernandstudyoflogisticsstaff. 

Availableprimaryproblems

2.1Unbalanceddevelopmentbetweenwesternanddevelopedregionsincludingtheeast，thesouthandcostalareas

China’slogisticsindustryisattheinitialstage．Inmostoccasions，whatwemeanbytheso-calledlogisticsactuallyreferstothenarrowsenseoflogistics：

elementaryfunctionssuchastransportationorstorage．Realmodernlogisticshasbeenfocusedanddevelopedonlyinafewcomparativelydevelopedregionsintheeastandthesouthwhilelogisticsdevelopmentisstillfarfromcommencinginvastregionsofmid-，westernandremoteregions．EveninthedevelopedregionsofeasternChina，southernChinaandcostalandcostalareas，thelevelofsocializationandtheadoptionofmarketprinciplesarefairlylow．Accordingtothedata，thephysicaldistributionsownedbydomesticenterprisesaccountfor60％to70％ofthetotalmarketscale．ShortageinlogisticsdemandhampersthedevelopmentoflogisticsindustryinChinaandthuslimitsitsdevelopment.

2．2Disorderedandroughplanningforlogistics

Logisticsparkisaspecialcenterofoneormorethanonelogisticsenterprises（ordistributioncenters）．Byoperatinglogisticspark，scalecanbeformedandoperationcostreduced．Theconstructionoflogisticsparkisexpectedtoplayapositiveroleinurbanfreighttraffic，urbanecologyenvironmentandurbanlandplanning．However，theplanningofChina’slogisticsparksaremostlyconductedbylocalauthorities.Recently，numbersoflocalauthoritieshaven’tbeenclearabouttheinteriormeaningoflogisticsindustry．Instead，theymistakenlytakeitforgrantedthatlogisticscouldanyhowreviveeconomy．Asaresult,nuinerousregionsrushintotheplanningandconstructionofvariouslogisticscircles，parksorcenters．Nowadaysmanylogisticsparksareatthestagesofplanningandprimaryconstruction，neitherlinktotheplanningofnexthigherlevel，norconnecttothesurroundingareas，norconductsufficientresearchandsurveyofthelocaleconomicsituation,microeconomicorientationandfreighttrafficflow．Theselogisticsparkstakeondisadvantages，strongbureaucracy，unimpressivemarketresponseandinadequateflowofpopulationandlogistics，whichpreventsthefromgoingintovirtuouscyclesaswellasleadsthemtobetheheavyburdensofgovernments．Obviously，theoperationoflogisticsparkshasn’tfollowedprinciplesofscienceandhasbreachedouroriginalintentionofdevelopinglogisticsindustry．Infact，logisticsindustryfallsunderthecategoryoftertiaryindustry，thefunctionsofwhichshouldbeprovidingserviceforcertaintradesinprimaryandsecondaryindustries．Theprofitsoflogisticsindustrymainlyderivefromservicetargets．Secondly，logisticsindustryistheonewithnalTOWmarginofprofitthatconsiderableprofitscouldbegamedtlughnothingelsebutscaleoperation．Therefore，logisticsactsmerelyasthepillarsforindustries．Onlyonthebasisoffavorableprimaryandsecondaryindustries,orwiththeintentionstoreinforcethedevelopmentofprimaryandsecondaryindustries，logisticsindustrycanbedeveloped．Anyplanningandconstructionofregionallogisticscircles，parksorcentersinanyplacesmustbearguedandstudiedrigidlyinaccordancewithscientificprinciples.Theconstructionproportionsoflogisticsplacesshouldbedistributedaccordingtoeconomicregionswhereasbynomeansaccordingtoadministrativeones．Otherwisegreatdealofredundantprojectconstructionwillbeverylikelyandthereforeresultinwastingofresources．

Apartfromthat，quiteafewofdomesticregionscarriedthroughprettyabstractandroughlogisticsplanning．Forinstance，someregionsseldomtaketheconstructionofregionallogisticinformationplatformintoaccountwhenthey

planlogisticsparks．Someotherregionstaketheconstructionofplatformintoaccount，buttheymerelyconsideritsplanninganddesigning，rarelythinkingoveritsconstructionandapplication．Inotherwords，theconstructiononlogisticsinformationplatformisinshortofoperability．

2．3Outdatedlogistic