人教版中考英语教材知识研究八年级下Units 12 word版习题Word格式文档下载.docx

人教版中考英语教材知识研究八年级下Units 12 word版习题Word格式文档下载.docx

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sbasement（地下室）.“Icouldfeel__4__hungerandhomelessnessinfluencedmyfamily.”AmanotoldareporterfromTFK.“Theexperiencemademewanttogive__5__toothersinthesamesituation.”

Infourthgrade,sheandsomeofherfriendsstartedafoodproject.They__6__$700andcollected800poundsoffood.__7__twelve,Amanosetupthenonprofit（非盈利的）groupHawaii'

sFutureIsn'

tHungry.Shehopedtoraise$10，000__8__shefinishedhighschool.Sheendedupraisingmorethan$500，000infouryears.

Withthe__9__collected,thenonprofitgroup,nowcalledTheFutureIsn'

tHungry,canofferfreshfruits,vegetables,andother__10__foodstoschoolkidsonFridays.Thisistomakesurethatthekidsand__11__familieshaveenoughfoodtogetthem__12__theweekend.Sofar,theefforthashelpedmorethan75，000people.

Inthefallofthisyear,Amanowill__13__DukeUniversity,inNorthCarolinaonafullscholarship.Aftergraduation,sheplanstoreturntoHonoluluto__14__tothecitythatgavehersomuch.

“Itdoesn'

tmatterifyouhelponemillionpeople__15__justoneperson.”shesays.“Thesmallestactioncanmakeahugedifference.”

1.A.jobB.clubC.houseD.school

2.A.yetB.stillC.justD.never

3.A.carefulB.helpfulC.hopefulD.thankful

4.A.whyB.howC.whatD.while

5.A.hopeB.choiceC.surpriseD.pleasure

6.A.paidB.savedC.raisedD.borrowed

7.A.ByB.AtC.UntilD.Below

8.A.soB.sinceC.whenD.if

9.A.foodB.clothesC.booksD.money

10.A.sweetB.healthyC.cheapD.delicious

11.A.hisB.herC.theirD.our

12.A.intoB.acrossC.alongD.through

13.A.enterB.visitC.dropD.leave

14.A.setoffB.getdownC.givebackD.comeup

15.A.orB.asC.butD.and

二、阅读理解（14分）

A（2016温州）

Harmfulmicrobeslikebacteria,virusesandothergermsarepathogens.Theymayenteryourbodiesandmakeyouill.Theimmunesystemisthebody'

sdefencesystemthatprotectsyoufromillnessanddiseasecausedbythepathogens.

Theimmunesystemismadeupofnonspecializeddefencessuchasskin,tearsandtheacidicjuiceproducedbythestomach,keepingyoufromthepathogens.Italsohassomehighlyspecializeddefences,whicharedifferentkindsofimmunecells,groupedintophagocytesandlymphocytes.Phagocytesareatypeofwhitebloodcell.Theyareswimmingaroundinyourbloodstream,alwaysonthelookoutforantigens—thepathogensthathaveenteredyourbodies.Whenevertheyseeone,theywilleatit.However,someantigensarehardtofindandkill.Thenlymphocytes,whicharealsowhitebloodcellsandthemaintypesareBcells,ThelpercellsandTkillercells,willbethekillersofthesneakyantigens.

Bcells,ThelperandTkillercellsworktogethertofindandkilltheseantigens.Bcellsproducesubstances,calledantibodies,whichsticktotheantigen.Whenthathappens,itwilltelltheThelpercellstocomeoverandeither：

1.helptheBcellskilltheantigen,or2.callthephagocytesorTkillercellstomoveinforthekill.OnceaBcelloraTcellattacksanantigen,theycreatecellsto“remember”it.Those“memorycells”hangoutinyourbloodandiftheyseethesameantigenagain,theyquicklyrecognizeitsoyourimmunesystemcanactfasteratkillingit.

Theimmunesystemismorepowerfulthanyouprobablyimagine.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniarecentlytookimmunecellsfromthreepatientswithleukemia,thengeneticallychangedtheminto“serialkiller”cellstoattackcancercells.Thestudywassmallbuttheresultsweregroundbreaking.Themodifiedimmunecellsincreasedatleast1，000timesinthebodyandkilledallthecancercells.Therefore,more“memorycells”werecreated.

Theimmunesystemcanbedeveloped.Eatingleanproteinfood（beef,beans）andfoodrichinvitaminsA,C,andE（sweetpotatoes,carrots）,takinga30minutewalkeverydayandreducingyourstresslevels,etc.willhelpyouachieveit.

1.Whatcantheimmunesystemdo?

A.Keepyoufromantibodies.

B.Protectyouagainstantigens.

C.Makeyourbodiesweakandsick.

D.Helpmicrobesenteryourbodies.

2.Howarethesneakyantigensfoundandkilled?

A.Phagocytes,B,ThelperandTkillercellsworktogether.

B.Skin,tears,acidicjuiceandimmunecellsworktogether.

C.Bcellscreate“memorycells”toswimaroundintheblood.

D.BcellsproduceantibodiestotellThelperandTkillercells.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Theimmunesystemcanbemademorepowerful.

B.Lessantigenscanbekilledbytheimmunesystem.

C.Whitebloodcellsactlessquicklyintheimmunesystem.

D.Theimmunesystemcanbechangedintothe“serialkiller”.

4.Thisarticleismainlyabout________.

A.thetypesofwhitebloodcells

B.aresearchreportabouthumanhealth

C.thecauseofillnessanddisease

D.anintroductiontotheimmunesystem

B（2017原创）

消防战士——黄一飞

AheavyrainhitJingmencityfromJune30thtoJuly1standcausedflood.Somelivingbuildingswereinwater.Peoplehadtomovetoanothersafeplace.

9yearoldJiajun'

shousewasinwater,too.Thefamilywereindanger.Theyhadtomoveaway.OnJuly1st,theyfoundaraft（小筏子）andwantedtotakeittoasafeplace.Unluckily,theraftsankonhalfway.Jiajun,Jiajun'

sgrandmotherandothertwopeoplefellintowater.Fivefirefighters（消防员）sawtheaccidentandtheyjumpedintowaterquicklytorescuethem.NineteenyearoldHuangYifei,whohasbeenafirefighterforabouttwoyears,grabbed（抓住）littleJiajun.ButthewaterrushedquicklyandHuangcouldn'

tfindaplacetoholdon.Theyfloatedonfastwaterabout500metersawaythentheypassedthroughabridge.AfterthatHuangsawasmalltreethattheycouldgocloseto.HuangtoldJiajuntograbthetreetightly,buthehimselfonlyswaminwaterandwaitedtobesaved.Jiajuntoldhimthathewantedtobeafirefighterwhenhegrewupandthathebelievedtheywouldbesavedquickly.HiswordsmovedHuangandHuanghuggedJiajuntightlywithhishandssothatJiajuncouldgrabthelittletree.

Atabout11：

30inthemorning,HuangYifeiandlittleJiajunweresavedbyanothergroup'

sfirefighters.ManypeoplesaidthankstoHuangandhisteammates.Huangsaidthatheandhisteammateswereallproudofbeingfirefightersbecausetheycouldkeeppeoplesafe.

1.Theunderlinedword“it”refersto________.

A.theraftB.theheavyrain

C.Jiajun'

shouseD.bridge

2.Therewere________peopleintheraft.

A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five

3.WhatdidHuangYifeidowhenlittleJiajungrabbedthesmalltree?

A.Hegrabbedittoo.

B.Heswamaway.

C.Hewentdownunderwater.

D.Heswaminwater.

三、任务型阅读（5分）（2016舟山模拟）

请给下文各段找出最合适的小标题（注意有一项为多余选项）。

Volunteeringisagreatwaytomeetnewpeopleandlearnnewskills.Buthowtovolunteer?

Here'

saguideforbeginners.

1.________

Doyouwanttohelptheworld?

Doyouwanttobuildyourownskills,makenewfriends,orlearnsomething?

Doyoulovewhatyoudo?

Doyouwanttoshareyourgiftwithothersorgivesomethingback?

Thinkaboutthesequestions.Theycanhelpyouchoosetherightvolunteerwork.

2.________

Doyoulovetoworkwithpeopleorwithanimals,orwithchildren,orwithnumbers?

Doyoulovetospeakortowrite?

Organizationsneedallkindsofskills.Itisimportantthatyouchoosesomethingthatyoulike.

3.________

Ifyouhavealreadyhadabusyschoollife,justvolunteeryourtimeforanhourortwoaweek.Youmightbesurprisedhowmuchyoucandoinalittletime.Then,ifyoufindyouenjoytheworkandhavemoretimetodoit,doitmoreoften.

4.________

Volunteerorganizationssometimeshaveunfriendlypeople,difficulttasksandbusytime.Ifyoufindyourworkboring,trytoworkthroughitbeforeyoudecidetogiveup.

5.________

Allinall,volunteerworkisnotonlygoodforothersbutalsogoodforyourself.Youwillbemorekindhearted,moreindependentandmoreenergeticafterbecomingavolunteer.Justtakeactionsfromnowon.

A.Thinkaboutwhyyouwanttovolunteer.

B.Getstartedandkeepitasahabit.

C.Trynottogiveup.

D.Chooseanorganizationthatinterestsyou.

E.Startfromsmallthings.

F.Youcanlearnalotfromit.

四、词汇运用（10分）（2017原创）

InAprilthisyear,lotsofbagsfullofsmallchange（零钱）wereseenatbusstopsinTianjin.Theyweremadefor1____（乘客）toturntheirnotesintosmallchange.Andsuchan2____（主意）camefromfourstudentsfromTianjinZhongbeiMiddleSchool.

“Peoplewillsurelyfeel3____（担心）whentheytakeabuswithoutchange.Wejustwanttodosomethingtohelp4____（他们），”saidWangYongcun,15,oneofthefourstudents.

Thefourboysspenttheirwholeweekendmakingthechangebags.5____（之后）thattheywenttocountthenumberofthepassengersateachbusstopneartheirschool,andthenchosethetopsixstopstoputthebags.

Manypeoplethinkthatthefourboyshave6____（真正地）doneagoodjob.Butthingsdidn'

tgoastheboyshadthought.Twodayslater,theyfoundthatthemoneywasgone,andeventhebagsweretakenaway.Itreallymadethemsadbuttheywouldnotgiveup.Theirclassmatesandteacherscametohelpthemintime.Theyputtheirpocketmoneyinbags7____（再一次）.Andthete