新概念第一册部分语法及相关练习题Word格式文档下载.docx
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Theboyhasalreadyreadthebook.(已经知道书的内容了,不用再看了)
②询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时:
Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?
///HaveyoubeentoBeijing?
///Haveheseenthefilm?
③表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作
IhavelivedinBeijingfortwentyyears.///Ihaveworkedforthisschoolfor1year.
④表示一种经历,经验:
去过…地方,做过…事情,经历过…事情
Ihaveneverhadabath.///Ihaveneverseenafilm.
Ihaveneverbeentocinema.///IhaveeverbeentoParis.
注:
Havebeento表示去过,havegoneto表示去了
IhavebeentoLondon.(人已经回来)//////HehasgonetoLondon.(人还在那里)
⑤表示一种结果,一般不和时间副词联用
Ihavelostmypen.///Ihavehurtmyself.
Hehasbecomeateacher.///Shehasbrokenmyheart.
3)句型变化:
★变疑问句将助动词移到句首,变否定句在助动词后面加not.
e.g.Haveyoulostyourpen?
Ihavenotlostmypen.
★肯定回答及否定回答:
Yes,Ihave.No,Ihavenot.
★特殊疑问句:
Whathaveyoudone?
///Whathashedone?
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:
凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时
3.过去完成时:
1)用法:
在过去的时间里,两个动作中,发生在前的哪个动作要用过去完成时。
2)结构:
had+过去分词
Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,shewentshopping.
TheyhadsoldthecarbeforeIaskedtheprice.
ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedatthestation.
After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号,如果放在主句后则不用加。
3)句型变化:
①变疑问句将助动词移到句首:
Hadshefinishedherhomework?
②变否定句在助动词后面加not:
Shehadn’tfinishedherhomework.
③肯定回答及否定回答:
Yes,shehad.No,shehadn’t.
④特殊疑问句:
Whathadshedone?
4情态动词的使用:
can,must,may,might,need,
1)情态动词can(能够),must(必须),may(可以)
结构:
主语+can/must/may+动词原型
Hecanmakethetea.
Sallycanairtheroom.
WecanspeakEnglish.
★变疑问句将情态动词移到句首
Canhemakethetea?
CanSallyairtheroom?
CanwespeakEnglish?
★变否定句在情态动词后面加not
Hecannotmakethetea.
Sallycannotairtheroom.
WecannotspeakEnglish.
★肯定回答及否定回答
Yes,hecan.No,hecannot.
Yes,shecan.No,shecannot.
Yes,wecan.No,wecannot.
Whatcanyoudo?
注意:
情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化,不要在情态动词或动词后面加S。
2)Must/haveto的区别
must表示必须,是主观上觉得应该做,haveto是不得不,是由于客观条件逼迫的必要要做
must只能用在表示现在和将来的句子里,而havetodo可以用在任何时态
3)must,may,might表示猜测:
·
mustdo表示对现在事实的猜测
musthavedone表示对过去事实的猜测
musthavebeendoing表示对过去正在进行的事实的猜测
may/mightdo,may/mighthavedone表示没有任何事实依据的猜测,might的可能性更小。
5·
can’t/couldn’t表示不可能
练习题
现在完成时练习
一、按要求改变句型
1.
Hehasheardthatbefore.(改为否定句)
2.
TheretiredpeoplehaveclimbedMountXiangmanytimes.(改为否定句)
3.
Davidhasalreadybookedthetheatre.(改为否定句)
4.
SteveandCarolhavegonetoItaly.(改为否定句)
5.
Ihavehadmylunchalready.(改为疑问句)
6.
TwoofthescientistshavebeentotheNorthPole.(改为疑问句)
7.
IhavetaughtEnglishinthemiddleschoolsince1980.(改为疑问句)
8.
Theyhavefoundajobalready.(改为疑问句)
9.
TheSmithshavehadaholidaysinceChristmas.(对划线部分提问)
10.
ThefamoussingershavegonetoGreecetohaveameeting.(对划线部分提问)
11.
LiMinghasreceivedtheinvitationalready.(对划线部分提问)
12.
Jimhasforgothowtoplaycards.(对划线部分提问)
二、用括号中动词的适当形式填空
Everystudent________(see)theprogramalready.
KentandI________(write)poemsbefore.
Dick________(do)theworkthesedays.
Thepeoplelivinginthemountains________never________(see)films.
Patty________(buy)amagazineabouttheschoollife.
Theactress________(live)hereallherlife.
Theglassisbroken.Who________(break)thisglass?
Finallytheworkers________(finish)thatjob.
________you________(borrow)thebookwetalkedabutlasttime?
There’snomorewineinthebottle.They________(drink)allofit.
Tom________(leave)amessageforyou.He________(call)lastnight.
I________(see)themovieoncebefore.I________(love)italot.
13.
A:
________(you/hear)thenews?
B:
yes,I________
A:
Who________(tell)youthenews?
LiMing________(do)
When________(he/tell)you?
Twohoursago.
三.
改错
Whathaveyoudonelastnight?
HeknewDoctorWangsincethirtyyearsago.
Kitehashurthisleg,butit’sOKnow.
Iworkhereforovertenyears.
Thechairmanhasgonetomanycountriesinhislife.
Wherehaveyouborrowedthatdictionary?
I’veseentheplayalready.Haveyouseenitalready?
Didyouseeyoursistercarriesallthebaggagetothestation?
Mybrotherhasboughtausedcar,butthenhesoldit.
HermotherhasgonetoEuropelastseason.
四、选择填空
()1.——Haveyoutravelledonthetrain.
——Yes,Ihave.
(A)never(B)ever(C)just(D)yet
()2.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework——Not.
(A)ever(B)already(C)yet(D)just
()3.Wehaven'
tfinishedourhomework.
(A)already(B)ever(C)yet(D)never
()4.——HaveyoulearnedEnglish?
——Yes,I'
velearnedalot.
(A)never,ever(B)ever,never(C)ever,already(D)already.ever
()5.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?
vedonethat
(A)yet,already(B)already,yet(C)ever,never(D)still,just
()6.John'
sfatherborrowedsomepictures
(A)havealready(B)hasjust(C)haveever(D)hasyet
()7.Hefinishedhishomeworkyet
(A)doesn’t(B)haven’t(C)hasn’t(D)doesn’thave
()8.I'
vebeenlikethiseversince
(A)lastweek(B)foraweek(C)aweekbefore(D)thelastweek
()9.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory2years.
(A)about(B)for(C)in(D)since
()10.Ihaven'
theardfromhimlastweek.
(A)since(B)for(C)ago(D)before
()11.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty_________
(A)forthreeyears(B)sincethreeyearsago
(C)threeyearsago(D)intwoyears'
time
()12.MrGreenisn'
tintheoffice,Hetothelibrary
(A)hasgone(B)went(C)hasbeen(D)willgo
()13.MrsmithtoTokyoandhewillbebackinaweek
(A)hasbeen(B)hasvisited(C)hassent(D)hasgone
()14.They_Chinafortwoyears
(A)havebeento(B)havebeenin
(c)havegoneto(D)havecometo
()15.Jim'
sbeentotheGreatwallbefore,?
(A)isn'
t(B)wasn'
t(C)hasn'
t(D)doesn'
t
()16.She'
sneverbeentoEngland,she?
(A)has(B)hasn'
t(C)isn'
t(D)is
()17.___________hasHanmeibeeninthelibrary.
(A)Howlong(B)Howsoon(C)Howfar(D)Howoften
()18.Howlong___he___thelibrarybook.
(A)has,borrow(B)has,kept(C)has,bought(D)did,buy()
19.Herfatherin1990andherhusbandformorethanfiveyears
(A)died,dead(B)hasdied,dead(C)died,hasbeendead(D)hasdied,hasdied
()20.Ihavethisnicewatchfortwoyears
(A)had(B)bought(C)borrowed(D)lend
()21.Hehishomefortenyears
(A)hasleft(B)leftfrom(C)hasbeenawayfrom(D)wasawayfrom
()22.Healeaguememberforthreeyears
(A)is(B)hasbeen(C)hasbecome(D)havebecome
()23.Lihua'
sbrotherhasfortwoyear
(A)joinedthearmy(B)beenanarmy(C)becomeasoldier(D)beeninthearmy
()24.Hehasn'
tQuanzhoueversinceheleftschool
(A)left(B)beenaway(C)been(D)away
()25.——Haveyoufinishedyourhomework
——Yes,Iitlastnight
(A)finish(B)finished(C)havefinished(D)willfinish
()26.——youevertoNanjing
——Yes,Itherelastyear.
(A)Have…gone,havegone(B)Have…been,went(C)Did…go,went(D)Did…go,has,been
()27.——WhenyouLucyinNewYork?
——Iherefortwoyears
(A)did…meet,have'
tseen(B)did…meet,haven'
tseen
(C)did…meet,don'
tsee(D)would…meet,hadn'
过去完成时专项练习
1.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I_____thedinneralready.
Ahadcooked
B.cooked
C.havecooked
D.wascooked
2.Shesaidshe__________theprinciplealready
A.hasseen
B.saw
C.willsee
D.hadseen
3.Shesaidherfamily_______themselves______thearmyduringthewar.
A.hashidden,from
B.hadhidden,from
C.hashidden,with
D.hadhidden,with
4.Bythetimehewastenyearsold,he_________.
A.
hascompleteduniversity
B.hascompletedtheuniversity
B.
hadcompletedanuniversity
D.hadcompleteduniversity
5.He_____toplay____beforehewas11yearsold.
Ahadlearned,piano
B.hadlearned,thepiano
C.haslearned,thepiano
D.learns,piano.
6.He___inthefactoryforthreeyearsbeforehejoinedtheArmy.
A.hasworked
B.works
C.hadworked
D.willwork
7.Bytheendoflastweek,they