英语四六级中译英训练Word文件下载.docx
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as…as,more…than,abit/little/lot/even/far/much/still/slightlymore…than,nolessthan,nomorethan,nobetterthan,themore…themore,prior/superior/inferior/senior/juniorto
e.g.Onaverage,itissaid,visitorsspendonlyhalfasmuchmoneyinthedayinLeedsasinLondon.
e.g.Themoreyouexplain,themoreconfusedIam.
e.g.PriortotheRevolutionaryWar,theUnitedStateswasanEnglishcolony.
e.g.Theyaresuperiorinnumberstous.
2、“与…相比”
comparedwith,incomparisonwith
e.g.Yourlossesintradethisyeararenothingcomparedwithmine/incomparisonwithmine.
3、状语从句
1）as/though引导的让步状语从句
e.g.Humbleasitmaybe,there’snoplacelikehome,whereverhemaygo.
e.g.MuchasIadmirehimasawriter,Idonotlikehimasaman.
2）hardly/barely/scarcely…when和nosooner…than引导的时间状语从句
e.g.Nosoonerhadwereachedthetopofthehillthanweallsatdowntorest.
3）状语从句特殊的引导词
nowthat
e.g.Nowthatyouarefamiliarwiththeauthor’sideas,tryreadingallthesectionsasquicklyasyoupossiblecan.
inthat
e.g.Criticismandself-criticismisnecessaryinthatithelpstofindandcorrectourmistakes.
Incase/forfearthat/lest
e.g.GivemeyourtelephonenumberincaseIneedyourhelp.
e.g.Hewaspunishedlestheshouldmakethesamemistakeagain.
unless除非
e.g.Governmentcannotoperateeffectivelyunlessitisfreefromsuchinterference.
Whether…or..是否（注意与nomatterhow/what相区分）
e.g.Thesubstancedoesnotdissolveinwaterwhether（itis）heatedornot（不管是否加热）.
4、名词性从句
e.g.Weagreedtoacceptwhoevertheythoughtwasthebest.
e.g.Insomecountries,whatiscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.
5、定语从句
1）as引导定语从句
as可引导非限制性定语从句，相当于which，如：
IamfromBeijing,asyouknow.但as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首：
Asyouknow,IamfromBeijing.
As可作为关系代词来引导定语从句，既可以单独引导定语从句，又可以与主句中的thesame或such相呼应，从句中的谓语动词常省略。
e.g.As（hadbeen）expected（正如所料）,theresponsetothequestionwasverymixed.
e.g.TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,asisoftenthecaseinothercountries.（正如经常发生在其他国家的情形一样）
2）关系代词that与which用法的区别
只能用that而不能用which
a.当先行词是all,anything,everything,few,little,much,none,nothing,something等
b.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
c.当先行词被thevery,only等词修饰时
e.g.Allthatisreasonableisnotnecessarilypracticable.
e.g.Thereishardlyanenvironmentonearthtowhichsomespeciesofanimalorotherhasnotadaptedsuccessfully.
6、虚拟语气
1）虚拟语气用于非真是条件句
时间
If条件句
主句
过去
haddone
would/could/shouldhavedone
现在
did/were
would/could/shoulddo
将来
did/were/wereto/should+do
e.g.Shedoesnotsticktoherexercisesandabalanceddiet,butifshedid,shewouldremaintrim.
e.g.IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufellyoucouldn’tbesmilinglikethisnow.
e.g.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;
otherwisewewouldhavecalledhim.
另外，介词with,without和butfor也可表达虚拟语气，如：
Withyourassistance,wewouldfinishtheplanearlier.Mancouldn’tlivewithoutwater.Butforyourcooperation,wewouldhavefailed.
2）表示命令、建议、要求的虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。
典型词：
order,command,demand,insist,maintain,request,require,ask,recommend,propose,suggest,move,desire等
e.g.Theprofessorrequiredthatwehandinourresearchreports.
3）Itis+形容词/名词+that结构，从句的谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。
important,essential,necessary,vital,critical,advisable,appropriate,desirable,fundamental,imperative,proper,urgent,apity,ashame,nowonderthat等。
e.g.Itishighlydesirablethatanewpresidentbeappointedforthiscollege.
e.g.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationformsbesentasearlyaspossible.
4）表示主观愿望的虚拟语气
wish,ifonly,wouldrather后的宾语从句可用三种谓语动词形式表示虚拟：
a.过去完成时表示对过去情况的假设；
b.一般过去时（be用were）表示对现在情况的假设；
c.“would+动词原形”表示对将来的愿望。
e.g.SometimesIwishIwerelivinginadifferenttimeandadifferentplace.
e.g.Hedidn’tgototheparty,buthedoeswishhehadbeenthere.
5）虚拟语气用于某些特定的结构中
用于ifonly,wouldrather从句，asif/asthough,Itis（high）timethat…等结构中，与if引导的虚拟结构形式一样。
e.g.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!
IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice.
7、倒装结构
倒装历来时语法的重要考点，主要用于以下几种情况：
1）表示否定或限定意义的词或短语位于句首时；
a.seldom,rarely,never位于句首时，句子倒装
b.使用hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than结构时，句子倒装
c.当包含only的状语出现在句首时，句子倒装
d.当包含no的短语出现在句首时，句子倒装。
常用的这类短语包括：
atnotime,undernocircumstances,innoway,nonoaccount,onnocondition,bynomeans等。
e.g.Theorganizationhadbrokennorules,butneitherhaditactedresponsibly.
e.g.Onlyunderspecialcircumstances,arefreshmenpermittedtotakemake-uptests.
2）so,neither,nor引导的句子承前表示同类情况时；
3）地点状语位于句首，动词是come,lie,stand,walk等时。
8、并列成分
并列成分在句中具有相同的功能，如充当句子的主语、谓语或宾语、表语等，因此，形式上也应当保持一致。
并列成分常见的标志词、词组是：
and,or,nor,but,not…but,but…than,ratherthan,both…and,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor
e.g.Initialreportscomingoutoftheregionindicatetheearthquakehascausedwidespreaddamageandheavycasualties.
三、翻译强化训练:
1.TopromotethedevelopmentofChina-USrelations,ChinaneedstoknowtheUnitedStatesbetter（反之亦然）.
2.（就我们医生而言），thisarrangementisquitegood.Buthowaboutthepatients?
3.Thisnumberwascut（百分之七十五）—frommorethan4000piecestoabout1100pieces.
4.WaltSmithisasgoodashisword.Hecanalways（信守承诺）.
5.Ianadevotedsoccerfan,but（当说到）Americanfootball,Ihaveabsolutelynotasteforit.
6．Thesubstancedoesnotdissolveinwater________________（不管是否加热）。
7．Notonly_______________（他向我收费过高），buthedidn’tdoagoodrepairjobeither.
8.Yourlossesintradethisyeararenothing____________________（与我的相比）。
9.Onaverage,itissaid,visitorsspendonly_____________________（一半的钱）inadayinLeedsasinLondon.
10.Bycontrast,Americanmothersweremorelikely____________________（把孩子的成功归因于）naturaltalent.
11.Nothingcan（阻碍）MarieCurieinherresolvetoresearchradiationthoughitisadangerousjob.
12.Itistoohotandnoisyoutside.I（宁可呆在房间里）andwatchTV.
13.Theirresponsiblemanwasaccusedof（玩忽职守）。
14.Afterasecond,thesunemerged（从云层后面）.
15.Theemployeemadehisbosssoangerforhewaslate（不止一次）.
16.Wecannotaffordto（对此视而不见）ourproblems.
17.Howcanyou（袖手旁观）whenanoldladywomanfelldownbesideyou.
18.Ifyouwanttopasstheexamination,you’dbetter（详细记录）whattheprofessorhassaidinhislectures.
19.Thesupermarketincreasedtheprice,fortheseproducts（非常畅销）.
20.Thelocalgovernmenthasencouragedforeigninvestmentto（满足…的需要）therapidlyexpandingeconomy.
21.Iwould（不会诉诸于法律），ifIhadnotbeensohelpless.
22.Intheawfulearthquake,thelocalpeople（失去联系）theoutside.
23.Thepoorgirlcouldnotfindenoughfoodtofeedherself,（更不用说上学了）.
24.Tomisthetallestboyintheclass,（仅次于）Mike.
25.It’sapitywehavetostayindoorworking（在这么好的天气里）.
26.InChinesefamily,grandparentsandrelatives（起着不可缺少的作用）inbringingupchildren.
27.MyteacherCathyhelpedmealot.Hersupportworth（值得我牢记一生）.
28.Itiswarm.（即便如此），itisnotwisetogoswimminginsuchweather.
29.Totellyouthetruth,Iwouldratheryou（不要帮助他）himwhoisdishonest.
30.Thenewchipwhichcanresisttheattackofvirusisnow（正在研制当中）.
31.（假定这项提议被采纳了），wherearewegoingtogetthemoney?
32.Nowadayswe（越来越依赖网络）toobtaininformationandcontactpeople.
33.Allthefamiliesreunitedand（祝贺他获得一等奖）intherace.
34.Mostdoctorsrecognizedthatmedicineisasmuch（是一门科学，也是一门艺术）.
35.Astimewenton,Susan（发现自己面对的是最艰难的工作）.
36.Sincetheymovedtothiscommunity,they（和谐地相处）withtheirneighbors.
37.（从观众的反应判断），theperformancemustbeagreatsuccess.
38.Iheardthathe（被指控）stealingacar.
39.Itisvitalthat（募集到足够的钱）tofundtheproject.
40.I’dratherreadthanwatchtelevision:
theprogramseem（越来越差）allthetime.
41.Ifyoushallnotofferhelptous,（他们也不会）.
42.（不管你信不信）,shelost20kilogramsweightamonth.
43.Thepopstarworedarkglasses（唯恐被别人认出来）.
44.Sheneverthoughtof（被派到国外深造）.
45.Johnfailedthefinalexamination.He（肯定没有好好复习课文）.
46.Wheneverviolatingthetrafficlaw,Martinalways（试图逃脱罚款）.
47.Infact,PeterwouldratherhaveleftforSanFrancisco（而不愿待在纽约）.
48.Thisarticle（呼吁人们多关注）totheproblemofculturalinterferenceinforeignlanguageteachingandlearning.
49.Itwasessentialthatthebooks（必须归还）beforethedeadline.
50.NotthatIdon’tlikeit,（而是我实在不能接收你的礼物）.
51.It（直到两天前）sherememberednotattendinghisbrother’sweddingceremony.
52.Herdiligenceandintelligence（弥补了）herlackofexperience.
53.Hetoldhimselfthathe（不要错过这个机会）.
54.I’m（下定决心要完成任务）,howeverharditis.
55.Itissaidthatthisnewmedicineis（毫无例外地适用于任何人）.
56.（没有可靠的证据说明）thatpeoplecancontroltheirdreams.
57.Someplantsare（对光线很敏感）；
theyprefertheshade.
58.Gaswillstillbethemostimportantenergyeveninthenextcentury,forthescientist（没有找到替代品）forit.
59.Thisapproachisno（一样不实用）thatone.
60.Onlyundertelescope,（才能看见星星）.
61.ThelaunchingofShenzhouVIspacecraftwas（具有历史意义的事件）
62.Withoutthattemporaryworking-site,thestudent（不可能
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