全国21年高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题Word文档格式.docx

全国21年高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题Word文档格式.docx

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10.Whcihofthefollowingbeststatesthebehavioristviewofchildlanguageacquisition?

_______.（） 

A.Languageacquisitionisaprocessofhabitformation 

B.Languageacquisitionisthespecies-specificpropertyofhumanbeings 

C.Childrenarebornwithaninnateabilitytoacquirelanguage 

D.Humansareequippedwiththeneuralprerequisitesforlanguageandlanguageuse 

第二部分非选择题

二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。

） 

11.Inthecourseoftime,thestudyoflanguagehascometoestablishcloselinkswithotherbranchesof 

s________studies,suchassociologyandpsychology. 

12.Clear［1］anddark［1］areallophonesofthesameonephoneme/1/.Theynevertakethesameposition 

insoundcombinations,thustheyaresaidtobeinc________distribution. 

13.Ar________isoftenseenaspartofaword,butitcanneverstandbyitselfalthoughitbearsclear, 

definitemeaning. 

14.Ac________sentencecontainstwoormoreclauses,oneofwhichisincorporatedintheother. 

15.Thatthedenialofonememberoftwowordsimpliestheassertionoftheotheristhecharacteristicof 

c________antonyms. 

16.Whilethemeaningofasentenceisabstractanddecontextualized,thatofanu________isconcreteand 

context-dependent. 

17.Phonologicalrulesmaymovephonemesfromoneplaceinthestringtoanother.Forexample,Modern 

EnglishverbaskwasOldEnglishaskian,withthe/k/precedingthe/s/.Soundchangeasaresultof 

soundmovementisknownasm________. 

18.Inmanysocietiesoftheworld,wefindalargenumberofpeoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguage.Asa 

characteristicofsocieties,b________inevitablyresultsfromthecomingintocontactofpeoplewith 

differentculturesanddifferentlanguages. 

19.Thebrain’sneurologicalspecializationforlanguageiscalledlinguisticI________,whichisspecificto 

humanbeings. 

20.Inordertoacquireasecondlanguage,learnerswillsubconsciouslyusetheirfirstlanguageknowledgein 

learningasecondlanguage.Thisisknowaslanguaget________. 

三、判断说明题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。

）判断下列各题正误，正者在括号内写“T”，误者在括号内写“F”，并说明理由。

（）21.Inthehistoryofanylanguagethewritingsystemalwayscameintobeingbeforethespokenform. 

（）22.InEnglish,longvowelsarealsotensevowelsbecausewhenwepronouncealongvowelsuch 

as/i:

/,thelarynxisinastateoftension. 

（）23.Acompoundisthecombinationofonlytwowords. 

（）24.“Thestudent”inthesentence“Thestudentlikedthelinguisticlecture.”,and“Thelinguistic 

lecture”inthesentence“Thelinguisticlecturelikedthestudent.”belongtothesamesyntactic 

category. 

（）25.Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituations 

whilelinguisticformswiththesamereferencealwayshavethesamesense. 

（）26.Animportantdifferencebetweenpresuppositionandentailmentisthatpresupposition,unlike 

entailment,isnotvulnerabletonegation.Thatistosay,ifasentenceisnegated,theoriginal 

presuppositionisstilltrue. 

（）27.ThedivisionofEnglishintoOldEnglish,MiddleEnglish,andModernEnglishis 

nonconventionalandnotarbitrary. 

（）28.Languagereflectssexisminsociety.Languageitselfisnotsexist,justasitisnotobscene;

butit 

canconnotesexistattitudesaswellasattitudesaboutsocialtaboosorracism. 

（）29.Ifachildisdeprivedoflinguisticenvironment,heorsheisunlikelytolearnalanguage 

successfullylateron. 

（）30.Whenchildrenlearntodistinguishbetweenthesoundsoftheirlanguageandthesoundsthatare 

notpartofthelanguage,theycanacquireanysoundsintheirnativelanguageoncetheirparents 

teachthem. 

四、名词解释题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。

31.culturaltransmission（asadefiningfeatureofhumanlanguage） 

32.phonicmediumoflanguage 

33.voicing 

34.inflectionalmorphemes 

35.reference 

36.locutionaryact 

37.protolanguage 

38.ethnicdialect 

39.registers 

40.acculturation 

五、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分。

41.Whydowesaytreediagramsaremoreadvantageousandinformativethanlinearstructureinanalyzing 

theconstituentrelationshipamonglinguisticelements?

Supportyourstatementwithexamples. 

42.Describetheprocessoflanguageperception,comprehensionandproduction.：

全国2001年10月高等教育自学考试

现代语言学试题参考答案

课程代码：

00830

一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 

1.A2.A3.B4.C5.D 

6.A7.B8.C9.D10.A 

二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 

11.socialplementary 

13.rootplex 

plementary16.utterance 

17.metathesis18.bilingualism 

19.lateralization20.transfer 

三、判断改错题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 

21.F

Thecontraryistrue.Thewritingsystemisalwaysalaterinvention. 

22.T 

23.F 

Somecompoundscontainmorethantwowords. 

24.T 

25.F 

Itisfalsebecauselinguisticformswiththesamereferencemightdifferinsense.Acaseinpointis 

thetwoexpressions"

morningstar"

and"

eveningstar."

Theyrefertothesamestarbutdifferin 

sense. 

26.T 

27.F 

ThedivisionofEnglishintoOldEnglish,MiddleEnglish,andModernEnglishisconventionaland 

somewhatarbitrary.

28.T 

29.T 

30.F 

Childrenfirstacquirethesoundsfoundinalllanguagesoftheworld,nomatterwhatlanguagethey 

areexposedto,andinlaterstagesacquirethe"

moredifficult"

sounds. 

四、名词解释题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分） 

33.Voicingisaphoneticfeatureofsomesounds.Itiscausedbythevibrationofthevocalcords. 

34.Inflectionalmorphemesaremorphemesthatareusedtoindicatethegrammatrcalrelationsand 

categories,suchas-ed,-（e）s,-estinEnglish. 

35.Referenceiswhatalinguisticformreferstointherealworld;

itisamatteroftherelationship 

betweentheformandthereality.Forexample,ifwesay,"

Thedogisbarking,"

wemustbetalking 

aboutacertaindogknowntoboththespeakerandthehearerinthesituation.Theactualdogthe 

word"

dog"

referstointhisparticularsituationisthereferenceoftheword"

. 

36.Locutionaryactreferstotheactofutteringwords,phrases,andclauses.Itistheactofconveying 

literalmeaningbymeansofsyntax,lexiconandphonology.Forexample,bysaying"

Youhaveleft 

thedoorwideopen"

thelocutionaryactperformedbythespeakeristhathehasutteredallthewords 

andexpressedwhatthewordsliterallymean. 

37.Aprotolanguageistheoriginalformofalanguagefamilythathasceasedtoexist.Theprotoform 

canbereconstructedbyidentifyingandcomparingsimilarlinguisticformswithsimilarmeanings 

acrossrelatedlanguages. 

38.Anethnicdialectisasocialdialectofalanguage,oftencuttingacrossregionaldifferences.Itis 

spokenmainlybyalessprivilegedpopulationthathasexperiencedsomeformofsocialisolation, 

suchasracialdiscriminationorsegregation. 

39.Registersarelanguagevarietiesappropriateforuseinparticularspeechsituations,incontrastto 

languagevarietiesthatareassociatedwiththesocialorregionalgroupingoftheircustomaryusers. 

Forthisreason,registersarealsoknownassituationaldialects. 

40.Acculturationreferstoaprocessofadaptingtothecultureandvaluesystemofthesecondlanguage 

community. 

五、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分） 

41.Inadditiontorevealingalinearorder,aconstituentstructuretreehasahierarchicalstructurethat 

groupswordsintostructuralconstituentsandshowsthesyntacticcategoryofeachstructural 

constituent,andconsequentlyisbelievedtomosttruthfullyillustrateconstituenrelationship 

amonglinguisticelements. 

Theoldmenandthewomentheoldmenandtheoldwomen 

42.Fromtheperspectiveofpsycholinguisticanalysis,languageuseintermsof 

perception,comprehensionandproductionfollowsacertainpatternwhichinvolvesthecoordination 

ofvariouslanguagecenters. 

Whenwespeak,wordsaredrawnfromWernicke’sareaandtransferredtoBroca’sarea,which 

determinesthedetailsoftheirformandpronunciation.Theappropriateinstructionsarethensentto 

hemotorareawhichcontrolsthevocaltracttophysicallyarticulatethewords. 

Whenwehearsomethingandtrytocomprehendit,thestimulusfromtheauditorycortexis 

transmittedtoWernicke’sarea,whereitistheninterpreted. 

Whenweperceiveavisualimage,amessageissenttotheangulargyrus,whereitisconverted 

intoavisualpattern.

2005年10月自考《英语写作》试卷+答案（0603）

I.FillinthefollowingblanksaccordingtowhatyouhavelearnedinAdvancedCollegeComposition.（20%）

1. 

Beforewritingacomposition,astudentwritermustkeepthesepointsin

mind:

__________thefirstlineofeachparagraph,leavingaspaceof4or5

letters;

writeon______________,leavingenoughspaceforcorrection;

and

leaveonespaceafterany____________.

2.Inthetitleofacomposition,theinitialletterofeachwordmustbecapitalizedexcept__________,________________,and_____________,suchasand,or,but,forandthetoinfinitives.

3.Tomakeiteasyforthereadertofollowyournarration,the__________and

__________oftheeventsareusuallygivenat