经济学原理西方经经济学期末考试题库.docx

经济学原理西方经经济学期末考试题库.docx

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经济学原理西方经经济学期末考试题库

Mankiw

EssentialsofEconomics

TestBank

Points

1、MultipleChoice

1）Economicsdealsprimarilywiththeconceptof（）

a）scarcity、

b）poverty、

c）change、

d）power、

2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthedecisionsthateverysocietymustmake?

（）

a）whatgoodswillbeproduced

b）whowillproducegoods

c）whatdeterminesconsumerpreferences消费者的偏好

d）whowillconsumethegoods

3）Arationaldecisionmakertakesanactiononlyifthe（）

a）marginalbenefitislessthanthemarginalcost、

b）marginalbenefitisgreaterthanthemarginalcost、

c）averagebenefitisgreaterthantheaveragecost、

d）marginalbenefitisgreaterthanboththeaveragecostandthemarginalcost、

4）Macroeconomicsisthestudyof（）

a）individualdecisionmakers、

b）economichistory、

c）economy-widephenomena、

d）howfirmsmaximizeprofit

5）AmicroeconomistmightstudyeachofthefollowingEXCEPT（）

a）theeffectsofrentcontrolonhousinginNewYorkCity、

b）howacollegestudentmakesfinancialdecisions、

c）howtariffsonshoesaffectstheshoeindustry、

d）theeffectontheeconomywhenunemploymentrateschange、

6）Thetermmarketfailurerefersto（）

a）asituationinwhichthemarketonitsownfailstoallocateresourcesefficiently、

b）anunsuccessfuladvertisingcampaignwhichreducesbuyerdemand、

c）asituationinwhichcompetitionamongfirmsbecomesruthless、

d）afirmwhichisforcedoutofbusinessbecauseoflosses、

7）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofanormative规范（主观）statement?

（）

a）Ifthepriceofaproductdecreases,quantitydemandedincreases、

b）Reducingtaxratesonthewealthywouldbegoodforthecountry、

c）Ifthenationalsavingrateweretoincrease,sowouldtherateofeconomicgrowth、

d）Alloftheabovearecorrect、

8）Foreachgoodproducedinamarketeconomy,demandandsupplydetermine（）

a）thepriceofthegood,butnotthequantity、

b）thequantityofthegood,butnottheprice、

c）bothpriceandquantity、

d）neitherpricenorquantityisdeterminedbydemandandsupply,becausepricesareultimatelysetbyproducers、

9）Ahigherpriceforbatteries电池wouldtendto（）

a）increasethedemandforflashlights、

b）increasethedemandforelectricity、

c）decreasethedemandforelectricity、

d）increasethedemandforbatteries

10）Twogoodsarecomplementsifadecreaseinthepriceofonegood（）

a）increasesthequantitydemandedoftheothergood、

b）reducesthedemandfortheothergood、

c）reducesthequantitydemandedoftheothergood、

d）raisesthedemandfortheothergood、

11）Ifashortageexistsinamarketweknowthattheactualpriceis（）

a）belowequilibriumpriceandquantitydemandedisgreaterthanquantitysupplied、

b）aboveequilibriumpriceandquantitydemandedisgreaterthanquantitysupplied、

c）aboveequilibriumpriceandquantitysuppliedisgreaterthanquantitydemanded、

d）belowequilibriumpriceandquantitysuppliedisgreaterthanquantitydemanded、

12）Whenthegovernmentpreventspricesfromadjustingnaturallytosupplyanddemand（）

a）itstabilizestheeconomybyreducingmarketuncertainties、

b）itadverselyaffectstheallocationofresources、影响了资源的分配

c）theimprovementinequityjustifiesthereductioninefficiency、

d）theimprovementinefficiencyjustifiesthereductioninequity、

13）Knowingthatthedemandforwheatisinelastic,ifallfarmvoluntarilyplowedunder10percentoftheirwheatcrop,then（）

a）consumersofwheatwouldbuymorewheat、

b）wheatfarmerswouldsufferareductionintheirrevenue、

c）wheatfarmerswouldincreasetheirrevenue、

d）thedemandforwheatwoulddecrease、

14）Supposethatasteelfactoryemitsacertainamountofairpollution,whichconstitutesanegativeexternality、Thesocialcostofproducingthesteelincludesthe（）

a）privatecostsofthesteelproducersandthepriceconsumerspayforthesteel、

b）privatecostsofthesteelproducersandthecoststothebystandersaffectedbythepollution、

c）coststothebystanderseffectedbythepollutiononly、

d）priceconsumerspayforthesteel、

15）TheTragedyofcommonscanbecorrectedby（）

a）providingmoreoftheresourceforpublicuse、

b）assigningpropertyrightstoindividuals、公地悲剧可以通过产权私人化来解决

c）providinggovernmentsubsidiesfortheresource、

d）makingcertaineveryoneintheeconomyhasaccesstotheresource

16）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

（）

a）Inthepresenceofamarketfailure,governmentactionmightnotimproveonthemarketoutcomebecausesometimespublicpoliciessimplyrewardthepoliticallypowerful、

b）Inthepresenceofamarketfailure,governmentactionmightnotimproveonthemarketoutcomebecausesomeleadersarenotfullyinformedabouttheeffectsoftheiractions、

c）Inthepresenceofamarketfailure,governmentactioncansometimesimproveonthemarketoutcome、

d）Inthepresenceofamarketfailure,governmentactionwillalwaysimproveonthemarketoutcome、

17）Ifaneconomyisproducingefficiently（）

a）thereisnowaytoproducemoreofonegoodwithoutproducinglessoftheother、

b）itispossibletoproducemoreofbothgoods、

c）itispossibletoproducemoreofonegoodwithoutproducinglessoftheother、

d）itisnotpossibletoproducemoreofonegoodatanycost、

18）Theopportunitycostofobtainingmoreofonegoodisshownontheproductionpossibilitiesfrontierasthe（）

a）amountoftheothergoodthatmustbegivenup、其她商品的数量需要放弃

b）marketpriceoftheadditionalamountproduced、

c）amountofresourcesthatmustbedevotedtoitsproduction、

d）dnumberofdollarsthatmustbespenttoproduceit、

Whenafirmisoperatingatanefficientscale（）

19）

a）averagevariablecostisminimized、

b）averagefixedcostisminimized、

c）averagetotalcostisminimized、

d）Noneoftheabovearecorrect、

Figure1

20）Accordingfigure1,ontheproductionpossibilitiesfrontiershown,theopportunitycosttotheeconomyofgetting30additionaltoothbrushesbymovingfrompointAtopointDis（）

a）10toasters、

b）15toasters、

c）20toasters、

d）25toasters、

21）Whenaprofits-maximizingfirminaperfectlycompetitivemarkethaszeroeconomicprofit,accountingprofit（）

a）isnegative（accountinglosses）、

b）ispositive、

c）isalsozero、

d）couldbepositive,negativeorzero

22）Inthefigure2shown,themovementfrompointAtopointBisa（）

a）shiftofthecurve、

b）changeinpreferences、

c）movementalongthecurve、因为就是价格的变动,所以沿着曲线

d）Alloftheabovearecorrect、

Figure2

23）Inthefigure3shown,themovementfrompointBtopointCisa（）

a）shiftofthecurve、

b）changeinprice、movementalongthecurve、

c）changeincoststothefirm、

Figure3

24）Twogoodsaresubstitutesifadecreaseinthepriceofonegood（）

a）increasesthedemandfortheothergood、

b）reducesthedemandfortheothergood、

c）reducesthequantitydemandedoftheothergood、

d）increasesthequantitydemandedoftheothergood、

25）Twogoodsarecomplementsifadecreaseinthepriceofonegood（）

a）increasesthequantitydemandedoftheothergood、

b）reducesthedemandfortheothergood、

c）reducesthequantitydemandedoftheothergood、

d）raisesthedemandfortheothergood、

26）Ifadecreaseinincomeincreasesthedemandforagood,thenthegoodis（）

a）asubstitutegood、

b）acomplementgood、

c）anormalgood、

d）aninferiorgood、

27）Onthefirgue3,themovementfromDtoD1iscalled

a）anincreaseindemand、

b）adecreaseindemand、

c）adecreaseinquantitydemanded、

d）anincreaseinquantitydemanded、

28）Whichofthefollowingwilldefinitelycauseequilibriumquantitytofall?

（）

a）demandincreasesandsupplydecreases

b）demandandsupplybothdecrease

c）demanddecreasesandsupplyincreases

d）demandandsupplybothincrease

29）Ifthedemandforaproductincreases,wewouldexpectequilibriumprice（）

a）toincreaseandequilibriumquantitytodecrease、

b）todecreaseandequilibriumquantitytoincrease、

c）andequilibriumquantitytobothincrease、

d）andequilibriumquantitytobothdecrease、

30）Newcarsarenormalgoods、Whatwillhappentotheequilibriumpriceofnewcarsifthepriceofgasolinerises,thepriceofsteelfalls,publictransportationbecomescheaperandmorecomfortable,auto-workersacceptlowerwagesandautomobileinsurancebecomesmoreexpensive?

（）

a）Pricewillrise、

b）Pricewillfall、

c）Pricewillstayexactlythesame、

d）Thepricechangewillbeambiguous、

31）Whatwillhappentotheequilibriumpriceofnewtextbooksifmorestudentsattendcollege,paperbecomescheaper,textbookauthorsacceptlowerroyaltiesandfewerusedtextbooksaresold?

（）

a）Pricewillrise、

b）Pricewillfall、

c）Pricewillstayexactlythesame、

d）Thepricechangewillbeambiguous、

32）Ifthepriceelasticityofdemandforagoodis4、0,thena10percentincreaseinpricewouldresultina（）

a）4、0percentdecreaseinthequantitydemanded、

b）10percentdecreaseinthequantitydemanded、

c）40percentdecreaseinthequantitydemanded、

d）400percentdecreaseinthequantitydemanded、

33）Accordingtothefirgue4,whenpricefallsfrompoint$40to$30weknowthatdemandmustbe（）

a）elastic,sincetotalrevenueincreasesfrom$8000to$9000、

b）inelastic,sincetotalrevenueincreasesfrom$8000to$9000、

c）inelastic,sincetotalrevenuedecreasesfrom$9000to$8000、

d）unitelastic,sincetotalrevenuedecreasesfrom$9000to$8000、

Figure4

34）Thecross-priceelasticityofdemandcantelluswhethergoodsare（）

a）normalorinferior、

b）elasticorinelastic、

c）luxuriesornecessities、

d）complementsorsubstitutes、

35）Ifwheatfarmersknowthatthedemandforwheatisinelastic,andtheywanttoincreasetheirto