物流配送大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文Word文档格式.docx

物流配送大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文Word文档格式.docx

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翻译日期：

2017.02.14

1.INTRODUCTION

Logisticsisnormallyconsideredasnothingmorethangettingtherightproducttotherightplaceattherighttimefortheleastcost.Facedwitharapidlychangingenvironment,revolutionarychangesintechnology,continuedgovernmentderegulation,theshorteningofproduct life cycle, proliferation of product lines and shifts in traditionalmanufacturer-retailerrelationships,manyorganisationshavehadtorethinktheirtraditionalassumptions.

Overthelasttenyearsoneofthemostsignificantchangesinmanagementthinkingwastheemphasisonthesearchforstrategiesthatwillprovidesuperiorvalueincompetition.

Logisticsmanagementhasthepotentialtoassisttheorganisationintheachievementofbothacost/productivityadvantageandavalueadvantage.Theimportanceoflogisticsanditsintegrationinthesupplychainwasarguedby.

Chinaisahugeconsumermarketthataccountedforathirdofglobaleconomicgrowthoverthepastthreeyears.Itsdevelopmentspeedandpotentialcannotbeignoredbytherestoftheworld.AsaresultofChina’sinternalandexternaleconomicattributes,mostoftheglobalconsumerbrandshaveestablishedoperationsthere.Inparticularintheautomobileindustry,manyoftheleadingglobalOEMsincludingHonda,Toyota,GeneralMotors,VolkswagenandFordhaveestablishedjoint-venturepartnershipswithlocalcarmanufacturers.AutosalesinChinaroseby76%intheyeartoJuly2003andby2011,ChinaisexpectedtosurpassJapantobecometheworld’ssecondlargestautomarket.InordertocompeteintheChinesemarketshareandsatisfyincreasingdemand,theseoperationsarecontinuouslyexpandingtheirproductionvolumeswithastonishingspeed.Suchexpansionis,howevercarriedoutinthecontextofalegacyenvironment.

Chinaspansalargegeographicalareawith,inmanyparts,under-developedinfrastructure.Thispresentsachallengetoefficientdeploymentoflogisticsstrategies.Furthermore,theinvolvementofthirdpartylogisticsproviders,favouredbymostglobalOEMs,isanemergentconsiderationinChina.Finally,theconflictsthatinevitablyariseinthejointventurepartnershipsleadtodelaysintheintroductionofwesternlogistics

managementexperiencesandmethodsfromtheOEMs.AllthesefactorsincreasethedifficultiesinmanaginglogisticsbyChina’slocalautomakers.

2.TheoveralldevelopmentofforeigndistributionOverview

2.1TheUnitedStatesofmodernlogisticsdevelopment

Twenty-firstcenturyfromthe60sonwards,therationalizationofdistributionofgoodsingeneralarevaluedintheUnitedStatestotakethefollowingmeasures:

First,thewarehousewillreplacetheolddistributioncenter:

Thesecondisthe managementoftheintroductionofcomputernetworks,ontheloadingandunloading,handling,custody,standardizedoperation,improveoperatingefficiency;

Third,thecommonchaindistributioncenterssetuptopromotethegrowthofchain-effective.UnitedStateschainstoreshaveavarietyofdistributioncenters,mainlyinthewholesale-based,retailandwarehouse-typethreetypes.

2.2Japan'

smodernlogisticsdevelopment

Onlogisticsanddistributionofwoodwiththefollowingfeatures:

well-developeddistributionchannels,frequent,low-volumestock,logisticsanddistributionreflectsthecommonandsetthetrendsticks,logisticsanddistributioncooperative,theGovernmentplanninginthedevelopmentofmodernlogisticsanddistributionplayanimportantroleintheprocessof.

2.3Europeanmoderndevelopmentoflogistics

CountriesinEurope,especiallyGermany,logisticsreferstotheuser'

sordersinaccordancewiththerequirementsofpositionsinthelogisticssub-goodsdistribution,thegoodswillbesenttotheconsigneewithgoodactivities.Germany'

slogisticsindustryformedofbasiccommoditiesfromorigintodistributioncenter,fromthedistributioncenter（andsometimesthroughmorethanonedistributioncenter）arriveat themodernmodeofendcustomers.TraveledinGermany,itcanbesaidofthelogisticsanddistributioninGermanyhasbeenformedtofinaldemand-orientedtothemodernizationoftransportandhigh-techinformationnetworkasabridgetoareasonableR69distributioncenterhubtoruna

completesystem.

2.4themainreasonsoflogisticsindustrydevelopingfasterindevelopedcountries

Relyingonhigh-techtothecoreeconomiesofscaletoallowflexibilitybasedonavarietyofforms.

3、China'

s3PLenterprisesarefacingamajorobstacletobusiness

3.1ThecurrentsituationofChina'

s3PL

China'

s3PLenterprises:

serviceradiusofasmall,lowentrybarriers.Withthegradualwarmingheatlogistics,urbanlogisticsindustryisalsoincreasinglyunitarycoveredbytheimportanceanddevelopment.However,duetohistoricalreasonsinourcountry,thelong-standingemphasisonproductionofalightflow,heavyflowtolighttheideaofthelogistics,distributionofdevelopmentinthenotyetripeatthisstage,thereistheissuemoreprominentinthefollowingtwoaspects:

theservicedeliverydifficulttoplayacentralrole,theprocessofdistributionofthelowlevelofmodernization.

s3PLcompanieswithforeign3PLcompaniesmainlyinthegapbetweenthethreeaspects:

First,procurementcapacity,andtheotherislogistics,andthethirdiscashflow.

Aspectsoflogisticsanddistribution,foreignretailershavedoneverywell,hasasetofefficientlogisticsinformationsystem,whichcaneffectivelyimprovetheinventoryturnoverrate,soastoenhancethereturnonassetsandprofitability.Anddomesticretailersinthisareahasjuststarted,orhavenotyetstarted.

3.2distributioncenterlowertheoveralldistribution,commercialchainfailedtogivefullplaytotheadvantages

Fromourpointofviewtheexistingcommercialretailenterprises,inadditiontosomelarge,well-knowncommercialenterprises,thegeneralcommercial"

chain"

businessesarenotsetuptheirownlogisticsanddistributioncentersorusethird-partylogisticscenter.Althoughthesecompanieshavealsoestablishedsomeofhisown"

stores,butinfactoperatinggoodsstoresdonotdo"

unifiedprocurement,unifieddistribution,unifiedbilling,"

whichallowssomecommercialretailenterprises,"

seemstoexistinnameonly.The

otherhasbeenestablishedintheirownlogisticsanddistributioncentersorusethird-partylogisticsdistributioncenterofcommoditiesincommercialenterprises,theeffectivenessofdistributioncentershasnotbeeneffective,whichinturnaffectedtheprocurementcostofanintegratedchainadvantages,includingoutstandingmanifestedbythedistributioncenterforgoodsdistributionratioofunityisverylow.Uniformdistributionlogisticscentercannotbeachieved,indicatingthestore'

scommercialenterprises"

unifiedpurchase"

didnotmaterialize,ratherthanaunifiedprocurementchainhaslostthecorestrengths.

3.3China'

smoreenterprisesarefacingamajorobstacleofthehigherlogisticscost

Wal-Mart85%ofthecommoditiesdistributionthroughthedistributioncenter,inwhich80%isthroughthe"

zeroinventory"

ofthemorecompleteformofthedistributiondatabase. Wal-Mart as a result of the use of the "

Cross distribution"

and"

auto-replenishment"

ofsupplychaintechnology,sothatgoodsturnoverintheTreasurydownto2days.AndretailenterprisesinChinaareinthe15-30days,whichreflectstheretail,distributionenterprises,underdevelopedlogisticssystem,distributioncostsaretoohigh.RapidexpansionofretailenterprisesinChina'

ssizeandspeedintheshorttermiftheycannotformaqualitativeedgeisadangerousspeculation.

Overtheyearsthepracticehasprovedthatthemulti-purposelogisticsdistributioncenter,intensive,low-costsupplyhub,aswellastheuseofinformationtechnologytoreorganizeandupgradetheentireflowofthesupplychainmanagementisthecoreoflarge-scaleretailenterprisesstrategyistosupporttheretailgiantsuper-conventionaldevelopment.Thefaceoflarge-scaleretailanddistributionbusinessesofthemaindistributioncenterlogisticsrequirementsplanning,focusingonhowtoreflecttheintegrationofinformationflowinbusinessflow,logistics,capitalflow,sothattheoperationofretailenterprisestoexpandthelogisticsfortheentireenterprisesupplychaincollaborationnodesandsothatthewholepositiveandnegativetominimizelogisticscostofgoods（includingconsumers,stores,logistics,distributioncenters,headquarters,suppliersandpartners）,andatimelyresponsetosalesdemandandtimelyreplenishment.Thisisalsoalarge-scalecross-regional,multi-format,chainretailenterpriseshavethecapacityofthecore

competitiveadvantage.

3.4Lackofmodernlogisticsmanagementknowledgeandexpertiseoflogisticspersonnel.

Thisisthethird-partylogisticsindustryinrestrictingthedevelopmentofChina'

smostimportantoneofthebottlenecks.Logisticsknowledge,especiallyinmodernintegratedthirdpartylogisticsknowledgeisfarfrombeinguniversal,butthatitsmainbusinessareasistoprovidetransportationandwarehousingservices,notknowthatitisnewtothesetraditionalbusinessintegrationofitsbusinessfieldsFartoosimpletobecomeconnectedwithtransportandstorageofrawmaterials,semi-finishedproductssupply,productionprocess,materialflow,thewholeprocessofproductdistributionservices,ascoverflow,solidlogistics,capitalflow,informationflowisequaltotheintegratedsystemofsystems.

4toenhancecorecompetitiveness,theimplementationofintegratedmanagement