从功能派的目的论看中外电影片名互译Word文件下载.docx

从功能派的目的论看中外电影片名互译Word文件下载.docx

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2009年5月20日

Acknowledgements

Firstandforemost,myappreciationgoestomyaffectionateparents,andtherestofmyfamily.Throughoutthedevelopmentofthispaper,theyhavebeentherealwaysgivingmecontinuoussupport,encouragementandunderstanding.Theirloveandsupportencouragemetopursueprogressallthetime.

Iwouldalsoliketoextendmysincerethankstoallotherteacherswhogavemelecturesduringthepastfouracademicyears.Ihavebenefitedsomuchnotonlyfromtheircoursesandlecturesbutalsofromtheirconstantencouragement.

Finally,mydeepestgratitudeandrespectgotomysupervisor,ZhangQian.Itisforherconstantencouragement,criticalinstructions,hergreatcareandpreciousadviceandsuggestionsthatthispaperappearsinthepresentform.

Finally,thanktheteacherstoreadthispaper,thankyouverymuch!

Abstract

SkopostheoryisthecoreofthetranslationtheoryinitiatedbyGermanscholars.Theinitiatorstrytoliberatetranslationfromtheshacklesofsourcelanguageandtoexplaintranslationalactionfromanewperspective,perspectiveoftranslator.Skopostheorycontainsthreerules:

skoposrule,coherenceruleandfidelityrule.Byfocusingonthechoosingofvarietyskopos,skopostheorycanmakeuptheinadequacyoftraditionaltranslationtheory.UsingSkopostheoryasthetranslationtheoryonChineseandForeignmovies’names,canhelpthetranslationofmovies’namereachthefinalgoal.Thefinalgoalistoshowthecontentofmovies,toexpressthemainthemeofmovies,toattractviewers,andincreasebox-officeincome.ThispaperusesSkopostheorytoanalyzethetranslationofthenamesofSeven,AmericanBeauty,OfMiceandMen,FromRussiawithLove,ChineseOdyssey:

Pandora’sBox,etc.

Keywords:

translationtheoryoffunctionalschoolskopostheory

translationofChineseandforeignmovies’names

摘要

目的论是由德国的一些翻译学者始创的功能派翻译理论的核心。

目的论的倡导者们试图把翻译从源语的束缚中解放出来，从译者的新视角来诠释翻译活动。

目的论的三原则是：

目的法则、连贯法则和忠实法则。

目的论将研究聚焦在翻译过程中各种目的的选择上，能够弥补传统翻译研究的不足。

将目的论作为中外电影片名互译的翻译理论，摆脱了等值翻译或对等翻译的束缚，使电影片名的翻译达到其突显影片内容，传达主题信息，确立全片感情基调，提供审美愉悦，吸引观众，增加票房的终极目标。

本文从目的论的角度对《七宗罪》（Seven），《美国蔷薇》（AmericanBeauty），《人鼠之间》（OfMiceandMen），《国产007》和《大话西游之月光宝盒》等影片片名的翻译进行分析。

关键词：

功能派翻译理论目的论中外电影片名翻译

CONTENTS

Introduction……………………………………………………………………….1

I.TranslationTheoryofFunctionalSchool……………………………..4

IITheBasicTheoryofFunctionalSchool:

Skopostheory……………6

III.TranslationofForeignMovies’NamesfromSkopostheory……8

3.1Seven---------------------------------------------------------------------------------9

3.2AmericanBeauty------------------------------------------------------------------9

3.3OfMiceandMen---------------------------------------------------------------10

3.4Casablanca---------------------------------------------------------------------------10

3.5BridgesofMadisonCountry-----------------------------------------------------11

3.6Jaws------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11

3.7TheEnglishPatient-----------------------------------------------------------------12

IV.TranslationofChineseMovies’NamesfromSkopostheory…13

4.1FromBeijingwithLove（国产007）---------------------------------------------13

4.2ChineseOdyssey:

Pandora’sBox（大话西游之月光宝盒）------------------13

4.3Treatment（刮痧）---------------------------------------------------------------14

4.4FarewellMyConcubine（霸王别姬）------------------------------------------14

4.5HouseofFlyingDaggers（十面埋伏）-------------------------------------------15

4.6RunningoutofTime（暗战）-----------------------------------------------------15

Conclusion--------------------------------------------------------------------------------16

Bibliography

Introduction

ThemaintranslationschoolofMiddleEuropeanisPragueSchool.TherepresentfiguresofPragueSchoolareVilemMathesius,Nikolay.S.TrubetskoyandRomanJakobson.“ThemainpointofPragueSchoolistranslationmustconsiderthefunctionsoflanguage,andtranslationmustpayattentiontothecomparisonoflanguage.”（谭载喜，1991：

198）

ThetranslationschoolofEnglandisLondonsocialcontextsituationschool.Thecentralconceptisthatthemeaningoflanguageisdecidedbythesocialcontextofsituationoftheuseoflanguage.ThemainfeatureofEnglandtranslationschoolis,whetherthechoiceofwordsoftargettextequaltothesourcetext,andwhetheritbeusedinthesamelanguagesituation.J.R.FirthisthefirstpersonwhousesthelinguistictheoryofLondonschoolintheresearchoftranslation.TheodoreHoranceSavoryistherepresentfigureoftraditionaltranslationspecialityschool.“Hedividetranslationintofourparts,perfecttranslation,adequatetranslation,compositetranslationandtranslationoflearned,scientifictechnicalmatter.”（谭载喜，1991：

205）Healsopointsout12translationrules.Thefirstruleisyoumusttranslatethewordsoftargettext.Thesecondruleisyoumusttranslatethemeaningoftargettext.Thethirdruleisthetargettextmustbereadlikethesourcetext.Thefourthruleisthetargettextmustbereadlikeatargettext.Thefifthruleistargettextmustreflectthestylesourcetext.Thesixthruleistargettextmusthavethestyleoftranslator.Theseventhruleistargettextmustbetranslatedasworksofthesametimes.Theeighthruleistargettextmustbetranslatedasworksoftheauthorofsametimes.Theninthruleisyoucouldaddthesourcetext.Thetenthruleisyoucouldreducethesourcetext.Theeleventhruleispoetrystylemustbetranslatedintoprosestyle.Thetwelfthruleispoetrystylemustbetranslatedintopoetrystyle.

ThemaintranslationschoolofAmericaisstructureschool.TherepresentfiguresareC.F.Voegelin,DwightBolinger,W.V.QuineandEugeneAlbertNida.ThetheoryNidamentionsisthatTranslatingisScience,TranslatingMeansCommunicating,DynamicEquivalence,FunctionTranslationandFourMethods.

ThemaintranslationschoolofFranceisMeaningSchool.Thisschoolviewsthattranslatingisexplainthemeaning.Translationisequalinmeaning,andequalinmeaningbuiltinthetext.

ThemaintranslationschoolofGermenisFunctionalSchool.KatharinaReissandHansVermeerintroducedskopostheoryintheirbookGroundworkforaGeneralTheoryofTranslation.Itwasmorethantenyearsthatskopostheorywasmentionedtillformedasystematictheoryframe.Inthisperiod,skopostheoryandthenamesofReiss,Vermeer,JustaHolzManttariconnectingclosetogether.KatharinaReissmentionstheembryonicformofFunctionalschool’stheoriesinherbookPossibilitiesandLimitationsinTranslationCriticism.Reissbelievesthattranslatorsshouldconsiderthefunctionalfeature,notthebilateralprincipleatfirst.HansVermeer,studentofReiss,promotesthebasictheoryofFunctionalschool—Skopostheory.Vermeerviewsthattranslatingisapurposefulactivity.JustaHolzManttaridevelopsthetheoriesofFunctionalschool.Hertheoryemphasizesthreeparts:

theactionoftranslatingprocess,theroleofthepersonwhotakespartinandtheenvironmentoftheshapeoftranslating.Functionalschoolwiththeirbasictheory—Skopostheory,broughtGermanytranslatingtheoryanewrevolution.Thesetheoriesaffectthetraining,theapplicationofinterpretingandthemoralvalueoftranslationoftranslators.Functionaltranslationtheoryatleasthastwocontributions.Thefirstisitexplainstranslationactivitiesintranslator’sviewpoint,givetranslatormorechoices.Translatorcanadjusttranslationtacticsaccordingtotheexpectfunctionorskopos,likeadding,deleting,adjusting,andsoon,translationmethodtodealwiththetargettext.Thesecondisitprovidespluralstandardfortranslationcriticism,whichhasrealguidingsignificanceintranslationpractice.TherealsoisatranslationschoolofGermencalledLeipzigSchool.TherepresentfiguresareA.Neubert,O.Kade,G.Jager,E.AgricolaandR.Ruzicka.Thepointofthisschoolisthattranslationmuststrictlydivideintocognitiveelementandpragmaticelement;

translationtheorycouldformlinguisticandsymbolictheorywiththehelpoftransference.AnotherschoolisSaarSchool.TherepresentfigureisWolframWilss.ThebasicfeatureofSaarSchoolisconsideringresearchoftranslationasanindependentsciencesubjectonthebaseofNida’stheory—TranslatingisScience.

SearchingskopostheoryorfunctionaltranslationtheoryintheCNKIdigitallibrary,wefoundmanyarticlesaboutit,suchas“翻译选择的目的”,“德国的功能翻译理论”,“论功能翻译理论”,andsoon.Thesesevenarticlesmainlyintroducetheform,development,maincontentandprincipleoffunctionaltranslationtheoryandskopostheory.Therearealsoarticlessuchas“功能翻译理论适合文学翻译吗？

——兼析‘红楼梦’咏蟹诗译文及语言学派批评”,“功能翻译理论及其在文学翻译批评中的适用性——以对晚清小说翻译的批评为例”,“归化异化，各具一格——从功能翻译理论角度评价<

飘>

的两种译本”,andsoon.Thesetwelvearticlesuseskopostheorytoanalyzethetranslationofliteratureworks.Thereareotherarticlessuchas“广告翻译的目的论”,“目的论对商业广告翻译的指导意义”,“功能派翻译理论在广告英译中的运用”,andsoon.Thesearticlesemphasesonanalyzetheuseofskopostheoryintranslationofadvertisement.Otherarticlesdiscussskopostheoryandothertranslationstandard,andmentiontheirownopinions.Thesearticlesimprovetheknowing,learningandresearchofskopostheory.Comparisontoforeigncountries’researchresult,China’sresearchhasalongwaytogo.Weshouldcontinuethisresearchofskopostheory.SkopostheorybringsnewenergytoChina’stranslationtheory.

Comparingwithothertheory,theadvanceofSkopostheoryisitbreaksawayfromTranslationEquivalenceandemphasizethesubjectiveinitiativeoftranslator.ThelimitationofSkopostheoryisitonlyseesfromtheskopos