高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题三 阅读理解 第二步 真题演练三 Word版含答案.docx

高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题三 阅读理解 第二步 真题演练三 Word版含答案.docx

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高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档专题三阅读理解第二步真题演练三Word版含答案

真题演练（三）　[2015·江苏]

A

VisitorCode

•ArrivewithnothingthatcanharmNewZealand

Ifyouarearrivingfromoverseas，bringnofood，animalorplantmaterialintothecountry.IfindoubtdeclareittoCustoms.

•Protectplantsandanimals

Neverallowdogsorotherpetstorunfreelyinareasofnestingbirds，otherwildlife，orwheresignposted.

•Getridofrubbish

Alwaysgetridofyourrubbishproperlyandrecyclewaste（e.g.，glass，paper）wherepossible.

•Beconsideratewithotherwaste

Ifusingaportabletoiletalwaysthrowawayyourtoiletwasteataproperwastestation.Inthebackcountry，buryyourtoiletwasteinashallowholeawayfromwaterways.

•KeepNewZealand’swaterclean

Becausesoapsandotherwastescanharmwaterways，becarefulyourwashingwaterdoesn’tpollutethesea，lakesandrivers.

•Takecarewithfire

Alwaysobservedistrictfirebans.Becarefulifyousmokeorhaveanoutdoorfireorbarbecue—makesureashesarecoldbeforeleaving.

•Camporpicniccarefully

Whencampingorpicnicking，usefacilitiesprovided.

•Keeptothetrack

Keeptothetrack，whereoneexists，soyoulessenthechanceofdamagingfragileplants.

•Beconsiderate

Whendriving，minimizenoiseandobservenosmokingsigns.

语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文——游客行为规范。

文章主要列举了去新西兰旅游应该注意的事项。

56．AccordingtotheCode，visitorsshouldact.

A．withcareandrespect

B．withreliefandpleasure

C．withcautionandcalmness

D．withattentionandobservation

答案　A

解析　推理判断题。

根据文章的内容可知，游客去新西兰时，要当心，不要带入有可能对新西兰产生破坏的物品，也要尊重自然、保护环境，文中的各个小标题均是对该内容的体现，因此选A。

57．WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?

A．Takeyourowncampingfacilities.

B．Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.

C．Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.

D．Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据文中Keeptothetrack部分中的内容可知，游客要沿着路径行走，减少破坏脆弱植物的几率，因此选C。

B

IntheUnitedStatesalone，over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonaldigitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.

Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreportedthatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallincomparisontototalwaste，theconcentration（含量）ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalswashigherinso-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.

Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycledandtheharmfulmetalsremoved，therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries，inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment.

Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial，upto100timesmore，thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone，andimaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals，thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxandpackaging（包装）itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmfulaswell.

TheU．S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“theproduction，distribution，anduseofproducts—aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste—allresultingreenhousegasrelease.”Individualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatinglesswasteatthestart—forinstance，buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.

Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhasbeenputinplaceasanincentive（动机）forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakebackpackagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts，wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?

Governments’incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingtheyproduceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why，theyask，shouldcitiesortownsberesponsibleforpayingtodealwiththebubblewrap（气泡垫）thatencasedyourtelevision?

Fromthegovernments’pointofview，aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagementfromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.

语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关的解决措施。

58．BymentioningtheSwissstudy，theauthorintendstotellusthat.

A．theweightofe-goodsisrathersmall

B．e-wastedeservestobemadegooduseof

C．naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetals

D．thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。

该研究表明电子垃圾中的贵重金属含量很高，再根据全文作者的写作目的可知，作者意在说明电子垃圾值得被充分利用。

因此选B。

59．Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended.

A．fromproducerstogovernments

B．fromgovernmentstoproducers

C．fromindividualstodistributors

D．fromdistributorstogovernments

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段可知，对电子垃圾的管理应该回到生产者那里，即以前是政府和纳税人对电子垃圾负责，现在应该扩展到生产商那里。

因此选B。

60．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A．Theincreaseine-waste.

B．Thecreationofe-waste.

C．Theseriousnessofe-waste.

D．Themanagementofe-waste.

答案　D

解析　主旨大意题。

文章前半部分指出了电子垃圾的数量在不断增加及其危害，后半部分提出了如何处理这些垃圾，由此可推知，如何处理电子垃圾是文章的主旨，因此选D。

C

Supposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso，itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.

Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample，peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness，toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences，andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds，peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers，youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.

Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice，someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately，theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor（e.g.，“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”）toanexternalfactor（e.g.，“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”）．Whenthathappens，peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.

Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer，whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?

Toanswerthisquestion，researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance，onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou，itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”．

Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations，theyfoundapositivecorrelation（正相关）betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults，onceagain，leadtoconcreteadvice：

“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering，continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity...ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity.”

语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。

文章论述了为什么很多人从事志愿活动，以及是什么让他们将从事志愿活动的兴趣保持下去的。

61．Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof.

A．academicrequirementsB．socialexpectations

C．financialrewardsD．internalneeds

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

由第二段内容可知，人们从事志愿活动出于几个动机，如表达个人价值观、丰富个人经历、增强社会关系等，如果志愿工作的岗位不能满足这些需求，人们或许就不愿参加了。

由此可推知，人们从事志愿活动主要是出于个人的内在需求，故D项符合题意。

62．WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?

A．Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.

B．Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.

C．Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.

D．Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。

根据第四段最后一句“Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento‘trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience’．”可知，研究者指出，应该注意让志愿者对棘手的情形有所准备，给他们提供应对困难的策略。

故B项符合题意。

63．Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?

A．Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.

B．PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.

C．Roleidentityasavolunteer.

D．Practicaladvicefromresearchers.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

由最后一段第二句“Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.”可知，志愿者的角色认同感才是他们继续从事志愿活动的关键。

故C项符合题意。

64．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A．HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteer

B．HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviors

C．HowtoKeepVolunteers’Interest

D．HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities

答案　A

解析　标题归纳题。

文章先由“为什么人们会做志愿者”开始，然后结合两组调查研究说明了人们能长时间做志愿者工作的原因，其最终目的是为了使人们参与到志愿者工作当中去，故A项符合题意。

D

FreedomandResponsibility

Freedom’schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.

Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.There