主语从句讲解和练习题.docx
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主语从句讲解和练习题
公司内部编号：
（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-9018）
主语从句讲解和练习题
高考英语主语从句
定义：
用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。
主语从句的时态：
不受主句的时态影响和限制。
引导主语从句的连接词有：
从属连词:
that,whether；
连接代词:
who（whoever）,whom,whose,what（whatever）和which（whichever）；
连接副词:
when,where,how和why。
连接词：
1.从属连词：
that，whether
1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。
2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。
由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！
不可用if代替。
pricewillgoupiscertain.
b.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
2.连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoever（Who,whom,which,what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。
此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。
Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.
Whateverhedidisright.Whokilledthescientistremainsaquestion.
1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：
that只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。
What不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分（主语、宾语或表语），意思是：
“什么”。
Whatweneedismoney.Thathewillcomeiscertain.
2）whatever/whoever的用法（~ever=nomatter~---让步状语从句中）
whatever/whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。
whatever相当于anythingthat;whoever相当于anyonewho。
例如:
Whoever（Anyonewho）wantstoenterintothisschoolmusttaketheexam.
Whatever（Anythingthat）shedidwasright.
3.连接副词when，where，how，why等。
既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。
Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.
Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.Wherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.
4.主语从句后置：
为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:
Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.
1）用it作形式主语的结构
A.It+be+形容词+that从句（obvious,true,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.）如：
Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.
B.It+be+名词词组+that从句（anhonour,afact,apity,etc）如：
Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…
Itisafactthat……是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识
It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.
C.It+be+过去分词+that从句（said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,etc。
）如：
ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.
D.It+不及物动词或短语+that从句（seem，happen,doesn’tmatter,turnout）。
如：
IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.
2）对于以连接代词（副词）引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从句：
a.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.b.Itwasaproblemwhethertheywouldsupportus.
3）主语从句中的否定前移
当用it作形式主语,而将主语从句放在句尾时,主语从句中的否定词常要前移至主句中。
例如:
Itdoesn’tseemthattheyarefromthesameuniversity.
Itdoesn’tappearthatwe’llhaveasunnydaytomorrow.
5.注意：
1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词。
误：
Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：
Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.
2）在It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required中,that从句的谓语也应该用“should+动词原形”的形式,should有时可以省略。
主语从句中用陈述语序,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数.Itissuggestedthatwe（should）dotheexperimentasecondtime.
3）.用于Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossiblethat...句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,用“should+动词原形”的形式,should有时可以省略。
Itisimportantandnecessarythatwe（should）keepthebalanceofnature.
4）“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
常与其后的名词作表语一致，且根据句子的语境而定。
eg：
Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.
5）在Itisfunny,strange,surprising,apity,ashame,nowonder,etc.+that从句中，有时谓语部分用should+动词原形，来表达说话者的感情色彩，此时should也可省略。
6）语气
"Itbe+adj./n.+that-clause"与强调句型均有Itbe...that...之类的语言标志,但不同的是:
①前者中的that从句是主语从句.若删掉其中的Itbe和that,则剩余部分不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句子;但若将后者中的Itbe和that去掉,则剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.②强调句型译为汉语时可加上"正是……"或"就是……"之类的字眼,而主语从句则不可以.
ItissurprisingthatMaryshouldhavewonfirstplace.令人惊奇的是玛莉竟然获得了第一名.
ItisMarythathaswonfirstplace.正是玛莉得了第一名.【强调】
6..主语从句的规律：
例willhecomeisnotknown.正：
Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
例2.Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.
正：
Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.
规律二、连词that在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
例3.Ifthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.
正：
Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.
规律三、whether可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
例4.Thatwhetherhewillhelpothersisafact.
正：
Thathewillhelpothersisafact.
规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。
例5.Whenhewillcomeareapuzzle.正：
Whenhewillcomeisapuzzle.
规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
1.Whatheneedsisthatbook.2.Whatheneedsaresomebooks.
规律六、what引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。
规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用it做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。
Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall.
Itisknowntoallthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.
/thathesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus.heturnedupatthemeetingsurprisedus.
2.if/whether_______yougoorstayathomewon’tmakeanydifferences.
apity_____is_____youdidn’tarrivebydaylight.
A.there,becauseB.it,thatC.he,whenD.that,for
matterhow/who/what/where/when
Wearereadytodo______thecountrywantsustodo.
A.whatB.whichC.nomatterwhatD.whatever
isapitythatyou（should）misssuchagoodchance.
___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.
A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How
6.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere
isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.
AWhichBAsCWhatDIt
8.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.
A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto
9.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.
A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when
Isayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.
A.isB.areC.hasDhave
11.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.
ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif
12.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that
13.---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.
---____itmademenearlymad.
A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak
remainsaquestion____wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.
B.thatC.whenD.what
15.Hemadeapromise___anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich.
A.thatB.ifC.whatD.thatif
16.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand____mademattersworsewas___nightbegantofall.
A.what;thatB.it;that
C.what;whenD.which;what
17.________thattheyfoundanunusualplantintheforest.
A.ItissaidB.TheyaresaidC.ItsaidD.Itsays
18._____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.
A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
19.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how
20.____isnopossibility______Bobwillwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There,thatB.It,thatC.There,whetherD.It,whether
21.____surprisedmemostwas_____suchalittlegirlofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.
A.That;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.What;what
22._____helpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Theperson
23.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that
24.Itwas____hesaid___disappointedme.
A.What;thatB.That;thatC.What;whatD.That;what
25.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
26.______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever
28.Isthisfactoryyouvisitedtheotherday
A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone
andwhyhecamehere________yet.
A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotknown
30.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.
A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.Owingtoafewminuteslate
C.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate
31.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.
A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpected
C.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected
wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.
A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does
________Bobdrivesbadly.
A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat
34.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how
theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.
A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which
wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.
A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what
37.____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether
38..____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
goingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.
A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who
'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthe.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That
won'tgothereiscleartoallof.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This
housewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.
A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What
43_______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether
willwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.
A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How
45Isthisthefactory___someforeignfriendsvisitedotherday
AthatBwhereCwhichDtheone
1.what/that2.Whether3--10BDABCBBA11--20BDAADAAAAA
21--30BCAADCCACC31--40DDDCAACBDA41--46CBDAAB
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