高中英语阅读理解专题有答案doc.docx

高中英语阅读理解专题有答案doc.docx

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高中英语阅读理解专题有答案doc

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   FaceApphastakentheworldbystorm,givingusersthechancetoseethemselvesagethroughitsalgorithm.12.7millionpeople—somethreemillionmorethanthepopulationofNewYorkCity—reportedlydownloadeditinoneseven-dayperiodlastmonth.

   AlthoughtheRussianapphasbecomeknownforitsprivacyissues,themoreinterestinglessonofourFaceAppfling（尽情玩乐）iswhatittellsusaboutoursociety—andourfuturelives.Itturnsoutwearemoreinterestedinagingthanwerealized.I'msurprisedbythis.Mostyoungerpeopleareindenial（否认）aboutoldage,doingalmostnothingtoprepareforit.Werarelyhaveachancetoplanforthefuture,withincreasingtimeandfinancialpressures.Thosepressuresbringsacrificesthatwemaynotalwayswanttomake:

wecannolongeraffordtospendthetimeorthemoneyneededtolookafterourelderlyparents.

   Asafamilydoctor,Icanseethelonelinessepidemicdeveloping.Elderlypatientscometoseemewithnoparticularillness,noclearmedicalissue.Afterafewminutesoftheconsultation,Iunderstandwhy:

they'renotsick,andoftentheydon'tfeelsick.Theyjustneedsomeone—anyone-totalkto.

   Althoughlonelinesshasnomedicalclassification,thehealtheffectsarereal:

theresultoflonelinessandisolationcanbeasharmfultoourhealthassmoking15cigarettesaday,andismoredamagingthanobesity.Butlonelinessdoesnotcomewithnearlyenoughhealthwarnings.

   Sowhatnext?

Since1980,wearelivingonaverage10yearslonger.Atthesametime,peoplearehavingfewerandfewerchildren,andtheyarehavingthemmuchlaterinlife.Thesnakeofaworldclasshealthserviceiseatingitsowntail;itscareisprolonging（延长）people'slives,butastheratioofpensioners（退休人员）toworking-agepeopleincreases,therearefewertaxpayerstofundthatveryhealthservice.

   IntothisvoidhavesteppedNGOs,charitiesandvolunteers.Butinthelongterm,theonlywaytotrulyhelptheoldestmetersofoursocietyistogobacktothetraditionalvaluesofintergenerational（两代间的）cooperation—oftenundersameroof.Ultimately,wewillneedtoevolvetowardsaculturewhereelderlycareistreatedthesameaschildcare,whereemployersrecognizethedutyofsomeonewithanelderlyparentthesamewaytheyrecognizethoseofsomeonewithanewbornchild.

（1）TheexampleofFaceAppisusedto_____.

A. provethepopularityofit                                

B. explainthefunctionofit

C. showtheprogressoftechnology                   

D. introducethetopicofagingandloneliness

（2）Whatmakeselderlypeoplewithoutillnessgotoseetheirfamilydoctors?

A. Desiretohavetheconsultation.                     

B. Strongfeelingofloneliness.

C. Unclearmedicalissues.                                    

D. Questionstoaskdoctors.

（3）Howcantheoldestmembersbetrulyhelped?

A. Bybeingtreatedaschildren.      

B. Bygoingbacktothetraditionalsociety.

C. Byprovidingfamilycare.             D. Bylivingwithotherelderlypeopleunderthesameroof.

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A. Thelonelinessofelderlypeopleneedsmoreattention.

B. FaceApp'spopularityprovesithasnosecurityproblems.

C. Healthservicelacksfundbecauseofprolongedpeopledlives.

D. FaceAppishelpfulindealingwithelderlypeopledloneliness.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者由FaceApp话题谈到当今的社会现象——老人感到孤独，他们需要关注。

作者认为孤独虽不是病，但它能影响人的健康，所以他呼吁人们像关注新生儿那样关注老人。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段"FaceApphastakentheworldbystorm,givingusersthechancetoseethemselvesagethroughitsalgorithm.12.7millionpeople—somethreemillionmorethanthepopulationofNewYorkCity—reportedlydownloadeditinoneseven-dayperiodlastmonth.“；第二段中的”...themoreinterestinglessonofourFaceAppfling（尽情玩乐）iswhatittellsusaboutoursociety—andourfuturelives.Itturnsoutwearemoreinterestedinagingthanwerealized.“可知，FaceApp已经风靡全球，用户有机会通过它的算法看到自己的年龄。

据报道，在上个月的七天时间里，有1270万人下载了这本书，比纽约市的人口多了300万。

它告诉了我们关于我们的社会和我们未来的生活。

事实证明，我们对衰老的兴趣比我们意识到的更大。

作为一名家庭医生，我可以看到孤独感的蔓延。

所以FaceApp主要的功能是通过它的算法使用户看到自己的年龄，接着讲述老人所面临的问题—孤独和衰老。

故判断出FaceApp的例子是用来介绍衰老和孤独的话题。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”Asafamilydoctor,Icanseethelonelinessepidemicdeveloping.Elderlypatientscometoseemewithnoparticularillness,noclearmedicalissue.“可知老人经常去看家庭医生是因为孤独，他们没有生病，只想找人聊聊。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的”Butinthelongterm,theonlywaytotrulyhelptheoldestmembersofoursocietyistogobacktothetraditionalvaluesofintergenerational（两代间的）cooperation—oftenundersameroof.Ultimately,wewillneedtoevolvetowardsaculturewhereelderlycareistreatedthesameaschildcare“,可知从长期来看我们帮助老年成员的方法是和他们一起居住，并且给予他们婴儿般的关爱。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的”Butlonelinessdoesnotcomewithnearlyenoughhealthwarnings.“可知老人孤独并没有带来足够的健康警示，故推断人们孤独的老人应该得到更多的关注，选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Somethingsshouldjustbecommonknowledgebynow.TheEarthisn'tflat.Nope,yourhairandnailsdon'tgrowafteryoudie.TheholesatthetopofBicbiropensaretheresothat,ifyouswallowoneaccidentally,youcanstillbreatheandwon'tchoketodeath.It'sdebatablewhetherthatlastonethereiscommonknowledgeornot.AquickGooglesearchofthefact,rewrittenasaquestion,showsarticlesaddressingthispointgoingbackseveralyears,withthelatest（re）appearingjustthisweekoveronScienceAlert.Wesupposeit'soneofthosethingsthatcomeupfromtimetotime,likewhatwouldhappenifyouattackYellowstonewithanuclearweapon（notmuch,asitturnsout）.

   IfyoujumpovertoBic'swebsite,undertheirFAQs（frequentlyaskedquestions）,itquiteclearlystates:

"ThereasonthatsomeBIC®penshaveaholeintheircapistopreventthecapfromcompletelyobstructingtheairwayifaccidentallybreathedin.ThisisrequestedbytheinternationalsafetystandardsISO11540,exceptforincaseswherethecapisconsideredtoolargetobeachokingrisk."

   That'sratherlovelyofthem.Inappreciationoftheirwanttonotkillofftheirmoreclumsycustomers,wethoughtwe'dshareafewmorerandomfactsaboutBicthatareprobablygoingtocomeupinapubquizoneday.Didyouknow,forexample,thateachBicballpointpencanproduceatleast2kilometers（1.2miles）ofinkbeforeitbeginstorunout?

Infact,in2018,7,250kilometers（4,505miles）ofwritingtestsonsuchpenswerecarriedoutonballpointpens,gelpens（中性笔）,androllerstomakesuretheyworkedtothehigheststandard.

   ThebestpartoftheBicsite,however,isthisrathercuriousfact:

"100percentofpenballsaremadethroughahighly-controlledprocess."Asopposedtoahighlyuncontrolledprocess,involvingexplosionsandbouncycastlesandtotalchaos,wesuppose.

（1）WhydoestheauthormentionthecaseofYellowstone?

A. Tolistthefacts.                                                 

B. Toprovehispoint.

C. Tocomparethetwosituations.                       

D. Toemphasizetheimportanceofsafety.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"obstructing"inparagraph2mean?

A. Block.                             

B. Open.                             

C. Transform.                             

D. Narrow.

（3）Whywerethewritingtestsonpenscarriedout?

A. Toworkouttheirlifespan.                               

B. Toassuretheirgoodquality.

C. Toprovesomerandomfacts.                          

D. Tocomparedifferentpenswitheachother.

（4）Inwhattonedoestheauthordevelopthetext?

A. Critical.                             B. Acid.                             C. Humorous.                             D. Serious.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔是为了防止那些粗心的使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。

这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。

（1）考查推理判断。

毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就像如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观点，故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽吞下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"Infact,in2018,7,250kilometers（4,505miles）ofwritingtestsonsuchpenswerecarriedoutonballpointpens,gelpens（中性笔）,androllerstomakesuretheyworkedtothehigheststandard."可知，举行书写测试的目的是为了确保笔能够达到最高的标准，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的"Somethingsshouldjustbecommonknowledgebynow.TheEarthisn'tflat.Nope,yourhairandnailsdon'tgrowafteryoudie."和第三段中的"That'sratherlovelyofthem.Inappreciationoftheirwanttonotkillofftheirmoreclumsycustomers"等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   You'reprobablyusedtotheregularupgradesinourcell-phonenetworks.Therewas2G,whichcamealongin199l,replacedwith3Gin2001,followedby4Gin2009.Nowwe'rehearingaboutthecomingof5G.

   But5Gisamuchbiggerleapthanbefore.5G,ofcourse,ismuchfasterthan4Gintherealworldanda5Gphoneina5GcitywillenjoyInternetspeedsbetween9and20timesasfast.Thearrivalof5Galsomeansenormousleapsforwardincapacity－somuchthateverycell-phoneplanwilloffercheap,trulyunlimitedInternetaccess."Theconsequencesofthatarehuge,"saysSherifHanna,Qualcomm'sdirectorof5Gmarketing.Forexample,appswillnolongerdegrade（降低）yourvideoqualityorpostponedownloadingwhenyou'reoutofWi-Firange.Infact,you'llprobablyprefertodoyourdownloadswhenyou'reoncellular（使用流量）because5Gwillbemuchfasterthanwhateverserviceyou'vegotathomeorwork.

   "However,noteveryoneisexcitedbythe5Gdevelopment.Thenewstandardgetsitsspeedpartlybyusingexistingtransmission（传输）frequenciesmoreefficientlyandpartlybyusingthemillimeterwaverange.That'sabig,juicylineofradiofrequenciesthatarecurrentlyunderusedbecausemillimeterwaveisreallyhardtouse,"Hanna