份英语四级考试真题带问题详解听力原文.docx

份英语四级考试真题带问题详解听力原文.docx

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份英语四级考试真题带问题详解听力原文

2016年-2018年6月份四级考试真题

〔附带答案解析与听力原文〕

考试时间安排：

一般在6月18日和12月17日左右

大学英语四级考试流程

8：

50---9：

00试音时间

　　9：

00---9：

10播放考场指令，发放作文考卷

　　9：

10取下耳机，开始作文考试

　　9：

35发放含有快速阅读的试题册〔但9：

40才允许开始做〕

　　9：

40---9：

55做快速阅读

　　9：

55---10：

00收答题卡一〔即作文和快速阅读〕

　　9：

55---10：

00重新戴上耳机，试音寻台，准备听力考试

　　10：

00开始听力考试，电台开始放音

　　听力完毕后完成剩余考项。

11：

20全部考试完毕。

PartⅠWriting（30minutes）

　　Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledExcessivePackagingfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

　　OnExcessivePackaging

　　PartⅡReadingprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

　　Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C〕andD）.Forquestions8-10,pletethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SmallSchoolsRising

　　Thisyear’slistofthetop100highschoolsshowsthattoday,thosewithfewerstudentsareflourishing.

　　Fiftyyearsago,theywerethelatestthingineducationalreform:

big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswithstudentscountedinthethousands.Asbabyboomers（二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人）cameofhigh-schoolage,bigschoolspromisedeconomicefficiency.Agreaterchoiceofcourses,and,ofcourse,betterfootballteams.Onlyyearslaterdidweunderstandthetrade-offsthisinvolved:

thecreationofexcessivebureaucracies（官僚机构），thedifficultyofforgingpersonalconnectionsbetweenteachersandstudents.SATscoresbegandroppingin1963;today,onaverage,30%ofstudentsdonotpletehighschoolinfouryears,afigurethatrisesto50%inpoorurbanneighborhoods.Whiletheemphasisonteachingtohigher,test-drivenstandardsassetinNoChildLeftBehindresultedinsignificantlybetterperformanceinelementary（andsomemiddle）schools,highschoolsforavarietyofreasonsseemedtohavemadelittleprogress.

　　Sizeisn’teverything,butitdoesmatter,andthepastdecadehasseenanoticeablecountertrendtowardsmallerschools.Thishasbeendue,inpart,totheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,whichhasinvested$1.8billioninAmericanhighschools,helpingtoopenabout1,000smallschools-mostofthemwithabout400kidseachwithanaverageenrollmentofonly150pergrade,About500moreareonthedrawingboard.Districtsalloverthecountryaretakingnotice,alongwithmayorsincitieslikeNewYork,ChicagoandSanDiego.Themovementincludesindependentpubliccharterschools,suchasNo.1BASISinTucson,withonly120high-schoolersand18graduatesthisyear.Itembracesdistrict-sanctionedmagnetschools,suchastheTalentedandGiftedSchool,with198students,andtheScienceandEngineeringMagnet,with383,whichshareabuildinginDallas,aswellastheCityHonorsSchoolinBuffalo,N.Y.,whichgrewoutofvolunteer eveningseminarsforstudents.Anditincludesalternativeschoolswithstudentsselectedbylottery（抽签），suchasH-BWoodlawninArlington,Va.Andmostnoticeableofall,thereisthephenomenonoflargeurbanandsuburbanhighschoolsthathavesplitupintosmallerunitsofafewhundred,generallyhousedinthesamegroundsthatonceboastedthousandsofstudentsallmarchingtothesameband.

—amongthetop2%inthecountry—onNewsweek’sannualrankingofAmerica’stophighschools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingClassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefull,Newsweeklistofthetop5%ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2007.

　　AlthoughmanyofHillsdale’sstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990averagetestscoreswereslidingandithadearnedtheunaffectionatenickname（绰号）“Hillsjail.〞JeffGilbert.AHillsdaleteacherwhobecameprincipallastyear,rememberssittingwithotherteacherswatchingstudentsfileoutofagraduationceremonyandaskingoneanotherinastonishment,“Howdidthatstudentgraduate?

〞

　　Soin2003Hillsdaleremadeitselfintothree“houses,〞romanticallynamedFlorence,MarrakechandKyoto.Eachofthe300arrivingninthgradersarerandomly（随机地）assignedtooneofthehouses.Wheretheywillkeepthesamefourcoresubjectteachersfortwoyears,beforemovingontoanotherfor11thand12thgrades.Theclosenessthissystemcultivatesisreinforcedbytheinstitutionof“advisory〞classesTeachersmeetwithstudentsingroupsof25,fivemorningsaweek,foropen-endeddiscussionsofeverythingfromhomeworkproblemstobadSaturday-nightdates.Theadvisersalsomeetwithstudentsprivatelyandstayintouchwithparents,sotheyaredeeplyinvestedinthestudents’success.“We’reconstantlytalkingaboutoneanother’sadvisers,〞saysEnglishteacherChrisCrockett.“Ifyouhearthatyoursisn’tdoingwellinmath,orseethemsittingoutsidethedean’soffice,it’slikeapersonalfailure.〞Alongwiththenewstructurecameamoredemandingacademicprogram,thepercentageoffreshmentakingbiologyjumpedfrom17to95.“Itwasroughforsome.Butbysenioryear,two-thirdshavemoveduptophysics,〞saysGilbert“Ourkidsareingtoschoolinpartbecausetheyknowthereareadultsherewhoknowthemandcareforthem.〞Butnotallschoolsshowadvancesafterdownsizing,anditremainstobeseenwhethersmallerschoolswillbeacure-allsolution.

　　TheNewsweeklistoftopU.S.highschoolswasmadethisyear,asinyearspast,accordingtoasinglemetric,theproportionofstudentstakingcollege-levelexams.Overtheyearsthissystemhaseinforitsshareofcriticismforitssimplicity.Butthatisalsoitsstrength:

it’seasyforreaderstounderstand,andtodothearithmeticfortheirownschoolsifthey’dlike.

　　Rankingschoolsisalwayscontroversial,andthisyearagroupof38superintendents（地区教育主管）fromfivestateswrotetoaskthattheirschoolsbeexcludedfromthecalculation.“Itisimpossibletoknowwhichhighschoolsare‘thebest’inthenation,〞theirletterread.inpart.“Determiningwhetherdifferentschoolsdoordon’tofferahighqualityofeducationrequiresalookatmandifferentmeasures,includingstudents’overallacademicacplishmentsandtheirsubsequentperformanceincollege.Andtakingintoconsiderationtheuniqueneedsoftheirmunities.〞

　　Intheend,thesuperintendentsagreedtoprovidethedatawesought,whichis,afterall,publicinformation.Thereis,inourview,norealdisputehere,weareallseekingthesamething,whichisschoolsthatbetterserveourchildrenandournationbyencouragingstudentstotackletoughsubjectsundertheguidanceofgiftedteachers.Andifwekeepworkingtowardthatgoal,someday,perhapsalistwon’tbenecessary.

　　注意：

此局部试题请在答卡1上作答.

　　1．   Fiftyyearsago.big.Modern.Suburbanhighschoolswereestablishedinthehopeof__________.

　　A）ensuringnochildisleftbehind

　　B）increasingeconomicefficiency

　　C）improvingstudents’performanceonSAT

　　D）providinggoodeducationforbabyboomers

　　2.Whathappenedasaresultofsettingupbigschools?

　　A）Teachers’workloadincreased.

　　B）Students’performancedeclined.

　　C）Administrationbecamecentralized.

　　D）Studentsfocusedmoreontestscores.

　　3.WhatissaidabouttheschoolsfordedbytheBillandMelindaGatesfoundation?

　　A）Theyareusuallymagnetschools.

　　B）Theyareoftenlocatedinpoorneighborhoods.

　　C）Theyarepopularwithhigh-achievingstudents.

　　D）Theyaremostlysmallinsize.

　　4.Whatismostnoticeableaboutthecurrenttrendinhighschooleducation?

　　A）Somelargeschoolshavesplitupintosmallerones.

　　B）Agreatvarietyofschoolshavesprungupinurbanandsuburbanareas.

　　C）ManyschoolspetefortheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationfunds.

　　D）Studentshavetomeethigheracademicstandards.

　　5.Newsweekrankedhighschoolsaccordingto          .

　　A）theirstudents’academicachievement

　　B）thenumberoftheirstudentsadmittedtocollege

　　C）thesizeandnumberoftheirgraduatingclasses

　　D）theircollege-leveltestparticipation

　　6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillsdale’sstudentsinthelate1990s?

　　A）Theyweremadetostudyhardlikeprisoners.

　　B）Theycalledeachotherbyunaffectionatenicknames.

　　C）Mostofthemdidnothaveanysenseofdiscipline,

　　D）Theirschoolperformancewasgettingworse.

　　7.AccordingtoJeffGilbert,the“advisory〞classesatHillsdaleweresetupsothatstudentscould       .

　　A）telltheirteacherswhattheydidonweekends

　　B）experienceagreatdealofpleasureinlearning

　　C）maintaincloserrelationshipswiththeirteachers

　　D）tacklethedemandingbiologyandphysicscourses

　　8.      isstillconsideredastrengthofNewsweek’sschoolrankingsysteminspiteofthecriticismitreceives.

　　9.Accordingtothe38superintendents,torankschoolsscientifically,itisnecessarytouse   .

　　10.Tobetterservethechildrenandournation,schoolsstudentstotake           .

PartⅢ Listeningprehension （35minutes）

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

inthissectionyouwillhear8shortconversations,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）、B〕、C〕andD）、anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

　　注意：

此局部试题请在答案卡2上作案。

　　11.A）Tryingtosketchamap      C）Discussingahouseplan.

　　 B）Paintingthediningroom.    D）Cleaningthekitchen.

　　12.A）Sheistiredofthefoodinthec