版高中英语外研版必修三学案Unit 2 Period One IntroductionReading and Vocabulary.docx
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版高中英语外研版必修三学案Unit2PeriodOneIntroductionReadingandVocabulary
RecentlyIreadtheHumanDevelopmentReport.Icouldn’thelpthinkingaboutanotherproblemwhichtheworldisfacing—hunger.Accordingtothereport,2,400peoplearedyingfromhungereveryday;nearly13millioninsouthernAfricawillbeworriedabouttheirfoodsupplybecauseofearthquakes,floodsorwars.
Inaword,hungerremainsthebiggestproblemoftheworldtoday.It’sstrangetoseethatmancantraveltothemoon,butstilldoesn’tknowhowtofeedhimself.Youmayask,“Whostealsourbread?
”Thefirstthievesshouldbepopulationgrowth,povertyandlossofrichfarmland.
InlessdevelopedareaslikeSouthAfrica,thepopulationgrowsfasterthanthecrops.Itisalmostimpossibleforitsgovernmenttofeedsomanypeopleandprovideeducationforthem.Soitisveryimportanttocontrolthepopulationgrowthandprotecttheirfarmlandincountrieswhosepeoplearesufferingfromhunger.
Accordingtothereport,theworld’sfoodproductionisenoughtofeedeveryoneifitisgivenawaywell.Buttheproblemisthatthedevelopedcountriesareeatingfoodthatshouldbegiventothepoor.Althoughtheyarejustusingtheirownearnings,thefactisthattheyarecoldlywatchingothersstarvingaway.
Luckily,somedevelopedcountriessuchasNetherlands,NorwayandSwedenhavedonealottohelpthosehungrypeopleinAfricancountries.Wehopeotherdevelopedcountrieswillfollowthem.
根据上文完成下列各题
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4probablyreferto?
2.Listthereasonswhypeoplesufferfromhunger.
(1)
(2)
(3)
PeriodOne Introduction&ReadingandVocabulary
Ⅰ.重点单词
1.n.饥饿
adj.饥饿的
2.n.贫穷
adj.贫穷的
3.n.发展
vt.发展
adj.发展中的
adj.发达的
4.vt.测定;测量;评估
5.n.(根据概率得出的)预期数额
vt.期望;认为;预料
6.n.位置
7.vt.教育;培养;训练
n.教育
8.n.数字
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.同意,赞成
2.在……顶端
3.在……底部
4.确保
5.多达;直到……;胜任;由……决定
6.脱离;摆脱
7.取得进步
8.努力
Ⅲ.重点句式
1.while作并列连词,表对比
Norwayisatthetopofthelist,.
挪威高居榜首,而美国则排在第七位。
2.with复合结构
ThebottomtencountriesareallAfricancountries,.
排名最后的十个国家均是非洲国家,塞拉利昂(位于西非)排在最后一位。
3.“主语+be+性质形容词+todo”主动表被动
However,inotherregionsoftheworld,e.g.EasternEurope,.
然而,在世界的其他地区,如东欧,水基本上是可以安全饮用的。
4.although引导让步状语从句
,theyneedtogivemuchmore.
尽管发达国家提供了一些经济援助,但他们应该提供更多的援助。
Ⅰ.阅读课文,匹配段落大意
1.Para.1 A.HowtheHumanDevelopmentReportcameout.
2.Para.2B.Developedcountriesshouldgivemorefinancialhelp.
3.Para.3C.TheHumanDevelopmentIndexmeasuresacountry’sachievement.
4.Para.4D.Thefivemostimportantgoalsofthereport.
5.Para.5E.Examplesofsuccessfuldevelopmentin2003.
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1.Whatisthemainpurposeofgivingthereportinyouropinion?
A.Toexaminetheachievementsof175countries.
B.Toorderthecountriesintheworldinthreeways.
C.Toshowthecurrentconditionsoftheworld’scountriesinthreeways.
D.Tourgethecountriesintheworldtoworktogethertoreducepoverty.
2.Whatisthecorrectorderofthefiverichestcountriesaccordingtothereport?
A.TheUS,theUK,Norway,Iceland,Sweden.
B.Norway,Iceland,Sweden,Australia,theNetherlands.
C.Iceland,Sweden,Australia,theNetherlands,Norway.
D.TheUS,Norway,Iceland,Sweden,Australia.
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthegoalmadebythereportaccordingtothepassage?
A.Improvingpeople’slivingconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.
B.Improvingpeople’smedicalconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.
C.Givingthechildreninpoorcountriesmorechancestobeeducated.
D.Urgingallthedevelopingcountriestofightwithpovertyandillness.
4.InwhichwayhasChinaprovedsuccessfulaccordingtothereport?
A.Itincreasedlifeexpectancyby13years.
B.150millionpeoplehavemovedoutofpoverty.
C.Morethan80%ofchildrenhavegonetoprimaryschool.
D.BothAandB.
5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheconclusionmadebythereport?
A.Wearemakingsomeprogressbutgreatereffortsarestillneeded.
B.Developedcountriesshouldgivemuchmorehelptothosepoorones.
C.TheUSAandtheUKshouldhavegivenmorehelptothedevelopingcountries.
D.Itistheresponsibilityoftherichcountriestohelpthoseinpoor.
Ⅲ.课文阅读填空
TheHumanDevelopmentIndex
·Itexaminesthe1.of175countries.
·2.isatthetopofthelist,whiletheUSisatnumber7,andChinais3.thelist.
Someofthemostimportantgoals
·Reducepovertyand4.;
·5.thatallchildrenhave6.uptotheageof11;
·Improvetheenvironmentofpoorpeople.
Examplesofsuccessfuldevelopment
·Chinaincreased7.by13yearsinnineyears.
·150millionpeoplemovedoutof8.inthelasttenyears.
·Insomeplaces,waterisnowmostly9.todrink.
Thechallenges
·Everyday799millionpeopleindevelopingcountriesarehungry.
·About10.childrenarenotbeingeducated.
·Morethan1billionpeopleindevelopingcountriesdon’tdrinksafewater.
重点词汇
1.TheIndexmeasuresacountry’sachievementsinthreeways:
lifeexpectancy(howlongpeopleusuallylive),educationandincome.
这项指标从三个方面衡量一个国家的成就:
寿命(人们通常能活多久)、教育和收入。
[归纳拓展]
measurevt.衡量,测量;评估;n.尺寸;措施
take(strong/strict/effective/firm)measurestodosth.采取(强硬的/严格的/有效的/坚决的)措施做某事
makesth.toone’smeasure根据某人的尺寸做……
beyondmeasure无法估量的
[语境助记]
(1)Thebigsculpturemeasuresabout12feetby36feet.
这尊巨大的雕像大约12英尺长,36英尺宽。
(2)Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.(2016·北京)
尽管这些措施并不总是有效,但对目前来说却十分重要。
(3)Hiswifemadeapairofshoestohismeasure.
他的妻子按照他的尺寸给他做了一双鞋。
[题组训练]
(1)单句语法填空
①Mumhasmadeashirtmymeasure.
②Thisismynewroom,(measure)10metersacross.
③It’shard(measure)hisabilitywhenwehaven’tseenhisworks.
④Thevalueofone’shealthismeasure.
⑤AsfarasIamconcerned,successcan’t(measure)bythesizeofyoursalary.
(2)一句多译
他们应该采取措施以减少损失。
①
②
③
(3)单句改错
Anearthquakemeasured9.0struckthenortherncoastofJapanonMarch11,2011.
2.Themostimportantgoalsareto:
reducepovertyandhunger;makesurethatallchildrenhaveeducationuptotheageof11...
最重要的目标是:
减少贫困和饥饿;确保所有的孩子都受到教育直到11岁……
[归纳拓展1]
makesure确保;保证;查明,弄清楚
makesureof/about确保……
makesurethat...设法确保……
besuretodosth.一定会做某事,务必做某事
besureof/about对……有把握
forsure/certain肯定地
注意:
当it作形式主语代替从句时,其后的表语用certain,而不能用sure,即Itiscertainthat...……是毫无疑问的。
[语境助记1]
(1)Ithinkthedoor’slocked,butI’lljustgoandmakesure.
我觉得门已经锁上了,不过我还是去看看才放心。
(2)Besuretofinishthetaskontimeandyoushouldbesureofyourself.
一定会按时完成任务的,你应该对自己有信心。
[题组训练1]
(1)单句语法填空
①Hemadesurehissonwaswelleducated.
②Nooneknowssurewhatwillhappeninthefuture.
③Thedesignissure(attract)attention.
④Notbeingsuretheword,helookeditupinthedictionary.
(2)单句改错
It’ssurethatalotofbookswillbedonatedtoourschoollibrary.
[归纳拓展2]
upto多达;直到(某个时刻或日期);胜任;由……决定;忙于……
uptonow=uptothepresent到目前为止
beuptosth.正在做(不好的事);胜任某事
It’suptosb.todosth.应由某人做某事;轮到某人做某事
[语境助记2]
(1)Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityupto£15,000indebt.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
新生们已清楚认识到,到毕业时他们可能要背负高达15000英镑的债务。
(2)Uptonow,theworkhasbeenquitesmooth.
到目前为止,工作很顺利。
(3)It’snotuptoyoutotellotherleadershowtogoverntheircountries.
还轮不到你来告诉其他领导人怎么管理国家。
[题组训练2]
(1)写出下列句子中upto的汉语意思
①Thechildrenarequiet.Goandseewhattheyareupto.
②CaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerican’slargestbirds,withwinglengthofupto3meters.
③—ShallwegotoBeijingorShanghai?
—It’suptoyou.
④Uptoyesterday,Ithoughthewassingle.
⑤Inanutshell,Jerryisnotuptohisjobasanarchitect.
(2)用所给动词的正确形式填空
①It’suptoyou(decide)wheretogoforourholidaythistime.
②Uptonow,I(hear)nothingfromhim.
3.Thereportshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbutthatweneedtomakegreaterefforts.
报告显示:
我们正在进步,但是我们需要做出更大的努力。
[归纳拓展]
makeaneffort/effortstodosth.努力做某事
makeeveryeffort尽一切努力
sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地做某事
inanefforttodosth.努力做某事(介词短语)
with(an)effort费力地,使劲地
withouteffort毫不费力地
[语境助记]
(1)Thelocalpeoplearemakingeffortstoattractmoreinvestmentandtechnologiesfordevelopment.
当地人正在努力吸引更多的投资和技术来获得发展。
(2)Theypromisedtosparenoefforttohelpthosewhoareinpoverty.
他们承诺会不遗余力地帮助那些生活贫困的人。
(3)Thecompanyhaslaidoff50workersinanefforttosavemoney.
公司为节省资金解雇了50名工人。
[题组训练]
(1)单句语法填空
①RobinmakesgreatefforttolearnJapaneseandhehasmadeprogressinit.
②Indealingwithpublicrelations,youshouldmakeefforts(avoid)quarrellingwithothers.
③Shetookadeepbreathandsatupslowlygreateffort.
④Weshouldspareefforttoachieveourgoals.
(2)句型转换
Theboyistryinghisbesttofinishhishomeworkontime.
Theboyisfinishhishomeworkontime.
(3)将下面的句子改写为被动语态
Wemustmakegreateffortstoimprovethelivingconditionshere.
思考 表示“尽力做某事”的其他短语或句型还有哪些?
4.Completethechartwithfiguresfromthepassage.
用文章中的数字完成下表。
[归纳拓展]
figuren.[C]数字;体形,身材;人物;雕像,塑像;图表;v.认为;计算
keepone’sfigure保持身材
figureout弄清楚;理解;看透;想出;算出
figurein把……计算在内
[图解助记]
[语境助记]
(1)AsformyfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan.(2016·北京)
在中国历史上我最喜欢的人物,肯定是魏源。
(2)Shedoesexerciseeverymorningtokeepherfigure.
她每天早上做运动以保持体形。
(3)Wefiguredinthetravelexpensesbutforgotthecostofmeals.
我们把旅费算了进去,但忘了算伙食费。
[题组训练]
(1)写出下列句子中figure的汉语意思
①Howdoyouknowthelatesttradefigures?
②Itisawaxwork(蜡制品)figure.
③TsinghuaUniversity,foundedin1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.
④Everywomanwantsaslimfigurethesedays.
⑤Now,class,pleaseseeFigure1.
(2)单句语法填空
①Inthericegrowingworld,theChinesescientist,YuanLongping,isleadingfigure.
②Haveyoufiguredhowmuchthetripwillcost?
(3)单句改错
Weappreciateyourapologiesandgoodwill,butwehopethatyoucanfigureagoodwayofsettlingthematter.(2014·辽宁)
经典句式
1.ThebottomtencountriesareallAfricancountries,withSierraLeone(inWestAfrica)atthebottomofthelist.
排名最后的十个国家均是非洲国家,塞拉利昂(位于西非)排在最后一位。
[归纳拓展]
“with复合结构”的构成:
with+宾语+
[语境助记]
(1)Ican’thearyouclearlywiththenoiseon.
在噪音的干扰下,我听不清你说的话。
(2)Shesawariverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.
她看到一条河,河的两岸满是绿树红花。
(3)Withallthethingsneededbought,theywenthome.
所需的东西都买了,他们就回家了。
[题组训练]
(1)用所给动词的正确形式填空
①Itwasevencolderwiththewind(blow).
②Withallthework(finish),theyhurriedbackhomeforlunch.
③Withmanythings(deal)with,Ihavetoturntomybrotherforhelp.
(2)完成句子
我过去常常开着窗子睡觉。
Iusedtosleep.
(3)单句改错
Withyoustandthere,Ijustcan’tdomyworkattentively.
2.However,inotherregionsoftheworld,e.g.EasternEurope,waterisnowmostlysafetodrink.
然而,在世界的其他地区,如东欧,水基本上是可以安全饮用的。
[归纳拓展]
本句中的waterisnowmostlysafetodrink为固定句型,可概括为:
主语+be+adj.+动词不定式。
理解本句型时要注意以下几个特点:
(1)意义理解:
主语在不定式方面具有形容词所描述的特性。
(2)常用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词,如hard,difficult,pleasant,easy,comfortable,interesting等。
(3)在意义上动词不定式和主语在逻辑上为动宾关系;当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时,要加适当的介词。
(4)不定式在该句型中用主动形式表示被动意义。
(5)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语。
[语境助记]
(1)Thissweaterishardtowash.
这件毛衣很难洗。
(2)Thelongsentenceisdifficulttoremember.
长句子是很难记住的。
(3)Hisnewpeniseasytowritewith.
他的新钢笔很好用。
[题组训练]
(1)用所给动词的正确形式填空
①