计算机网络实验在PC机上熟悉常用网络命令实验报告.docx

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计算机网络实验在PC机上熟悉常用网络命令实验报告.docx

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计算机网络实验在PC机上熟悉常用网络命令实验报告.docx

计算机网络实验在PC机上熟悉常用网络命令实验报告

计算机网络实验二在PC机上熟悉常用网络命令实验报告

实验二熟悉常用的网络命令

实

验

报

告

姓名：

陈津生

班级：

12级数字媒体技术2班

学号：

2012329700056

指导教师：

张芳

1．实验目的：

学会使用常用ping,ipconfig,nslookup,arp,tracert等常用网络测试命令检测网络连通、了解网络的配置状态，跟踪路由诊断域名系统等相关网络问题。

2实验环境：

（1）运行windows2000/2003/xp操作系统的PC一台

（2）每台PC机具有一块网卡，通过双绞线与局域网网相连。

（3）局域网能连接Internet

3．实验步骤：

ftp:

//10.16.23.2

用户名：

1234567891234

密码：

0123456

1、ARP:

显示和修改IP地址与物理地址之间的转换表

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-a

Interface:

10.16.24.18---0x10003

InternetAddressPhysicalAddressType

192.168.1.300-00-00-00-00-00invalid

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-g

Interface:

10.16.24.18---0x10003

InternetAddressPhysicalAddressType

192.168.1.300-00-00-00-00-00invalid

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-d

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-s

DisplaysandmodifiestheIP-to-Physicaladdresstranslationtablesusedby

addressresolutionprotocol（ARP）.

ARP-sinet_addreth_addr[if_addr]

ARP-dinet_addr[if_addr]

ARP-a[inet_addr][-Nif_addr]

-aDisplayscurrentARPentriesbyinterrogatingthecurrent

protocoldata.Ifinet_addrisspecified,theIPandPhysical

addressesforonlythespecifiedcomputeraredisplayed.If

morethanonenetworkinterfaceusesARP,entriesforeachARP

tablearedisplayed.

-gSameas-a.

inet_addrSpecifiesaninternetaddress.

-Nif_addrDisplaystheARPentriesforthenetworkinterfacespecified

byif_addr.

-dDeletesthehostspecifiedbyinet_addr.inet_addrmaybe

wildcardedwith*todeleteallhosts.

-sAddsthehostandassociatestheInternetaddressinet_addr

withthePhysicaladdresseth_addr.ThePhysicaladdressis

givenas6hexadecimalbytesseparatedbyhyphens.Theentry

ispermanent.

eth_addrSpecifiesaphysicaladdress.

if_addrIfpresent,thisspecifiestheInternetaddressofthe

interfacewhoseaddresstranslationtableshouldbemodified.

Ifnotpresent,thefirstapplicableinterfacewillbeused.

Example:

>arp-s157.55.85.21200-aa-00-62-c6-09....Addsastaticentry.

>arp-a....Displaysthearptable.

2、ftp：

（功能就不用描述了，请参看下面的具体用法）

ftp>open10.16.23.2

Connectedto10.16.23.2.

-A（Adapterstatus）Liststheremotemachine'snametablegivenits

IPaddress.

-c（cache）ListsNBT'scacheofremote[machine]namesandtheirIP

addresses

-n（names）ListslocalNetBIOSnames.

-r（resolved）ListsnamesresolvedbybroadcastandviaWINS

-R（Reload）Purgesandreloadstheremotecachenametable

-S（Sessions）ListssessionstablewiththedestinationIPaddresses

-s（sessions）ListssessionstableconvertingdestinationIP

addressestocomputerNETBIOSnames.

-RR（ReleaseRefresh）SendsNameReleasepacketstoWINSandthen,startsRefr

esh

RemoteNameRemotehostmachinename.

IPaddressDotteddecimalrepresentationoftheIPaddress.

intervalRedisplaysselectedstatistics,pausingintervalseconds

betweeneachdisplay.PressCtrl+Ctostopredisplaying

statistics.

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>nbtstat-C

DisplaysprotocolstatisticsandcurrentTCP/IPconnectionsu

（NetBIOSoverTCP/IP）.

NBTSTAT[[-aRemoteName][-AIPaddress][-c][-n]

[-r][-R][-RR][-s][-S][interval]]

-a（adapterstatus）Liststheremotemachine'snametable

-A（Adapterstatus）Liststheremotemachine'snametable

IPaddress.

-c（cache）ListsNBT'scacheofremote[machine]

addresses

-n（names）ListslocalNetBIOSnames.

-r（resolved）Listsnamesresolvedbybroadcastand

-R（Reload）Purgesandreloadstheremotecachen

-S（Sessions）Listssessionstablewiththedestina

-s（sessions）Listssessionstableconvertingdesti

addressestocomputerNETBIOSnames.

-RR（ReleaseRefresh）SendsNameReleasepacketstoWINSan

esh

RemoteNameRemotehostmachinename.

IPaddressDotteddecimalrepresentationoftheIPaddres

intervalRedisplaysselectedstatistics,pausinginterv

betweeneachdisplay.PressCtrl+Ctostopred

statistics.

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>nbtstat-n

本地连接2:

NodeIpAddress:

[192.168.1.119]ScopeId:

[]

NetBIOSLocalNameTable

NameTypeStatus

---------------------------------------------

H16<00>UNIQUERegistered

H16<20>UNIQUERegistered

2HJF<00>GROUPRegistered

2HJF<1E>GROUPRegistered

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>nbtstat-s

本地连接2:

NodeIpAddress:

[192.168.1.119]ScopeId:

[]

NoConnections

5、net：

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>net

此命令的语法是:

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>net

此命令的语法是:

NET[ACCOUNTS|COMPUTER|CONFIG|CONTINUE|FILE

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat.exe

ActiveConnections

ProtoLocalAddressForeignAddress

TCPH16:

1455localhost:

ftp

TCPH16:

2078125.77.199.30:

8000

TCPH16:

2085localhost:

4809

TCPH16:

2086localhost:

netbios-ss

TCPH16:

2088localhost:

netbios-ss

TCPH16:

2090localhost:

netbios-ss

TCPH16:

2091localhost:

microsoft-

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat-as

IPv4Statistics

PacketsReceived=188648

ReceivedHeaderErrors=0

ReceivedAddressErrors=41385

DatagramsForwarded=0

UnknownProtocolsReceived=0

ReceivedPacketsDiscarded=1636

ReceivedPacketsDelivered=158463

OutputRequests=11606

RoutingDiscards=0

DiscardedOutputPackets=0

OutputPacketNoRoute=0

ReassemblyRequired=0

ReassemblySuccessful=0

ReassemblyFailures=0

DatagramsSuccessfullyFragmented=0

DatagramsFailingFragmentation=0

FragmentsCreated=0

ICMPv4Statistics

ReceivedSent

Messages3637

Errors00

DestinationUnreachable34

TimeExceeded00

ParameterProblems00

SourceQuenches00

Redirects00

Echos312

EchoReplies231

Timestamps00

TimestampReplies00

AddressMasks00

AddressMaskReplies00

TCPStatisticsforIPv4

ActiveOpens=415

PassiveOpens=57

FailedConnectionAttempts=145

ResetConnections=29

CurrentConnections=3

SegmentsReceived=1888

SegmentsSent=2228

SegmentsRetransmitted=276

UDPStatisticsforIPv4

DatagramsReceived=213179

NoPorts=4718

ReceiveErrors=95

DatagramsSent=9046

6、Netstat.exe

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat.exe

ActiveConnections

ProtoLocalAddressForeignAddressState

TCPH16:

1455localhost:

ftpCLOSE_WAIT

TCPH16:

2166localhost:

4809SYN_SENT

TCPH16:

2167125.77.199.30:

8000ESTABLISHED

7、Ping.exe

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ping.exe

Usage:

ping[-t][-a][-ncount][-lsize][-f][-iTTL][-vTOS]

[-rcount][-scount][[-jhost-list]|[-khost-list]]

[-wtimeout]target_name

Options:

-tPingthespecifiedhostuntilstopped.

Toseestatisticsandcontinue-typeControl-Break

Tostop-typeControl-C.

-aResolveaddressestohostnames.

-ncountNumberofechorequeststosend.

-lsizeSendbuffersize.

-fSetDon'tFragmentflaginpacket.

-iTTLTimeToLive.

-vTOSTypeOfService.

-rcountRecordrouteforcounthops.

-scountTimestampforcounthops.

-jhost-listLoosesourceroutealonghost-list.

-khost-listStrictsourceroutealonghost-list.

-wtimeoutTimeoutinmillisecondstowaitforeachreply.

8、Route.exe

\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>route.exe

Manipulatesnetworkroutingtables.

ROUTE[-f][-p][command[destination]

[MASKnetmask][gateway][METRICmetric][IFinterface]

-fClearstheroutingtablesofallgatewayentries.Ifthisis

usedinconjunctionwithoneofthecommands,thetablesare

clearedpriortorunningthecommand.

-pWhenusedwiththeADDcommand,makesaroutepersistentacross

bootsofthesystem.Bydefault,routesarenotpreserved

whenthesystemisrestarted.Ignoredforallothercommands,

whichalwaysaffecttheappropriatepersistentroutes.This

optionisnotsupportedinWindows95.

commandOneofthese:

PRINTPrintsaroute

ADDAddsaroute

DELETEDeletesaroute

CHANGEModifiesanexistingroute

destinationSpecifiesthehost.

MASKSpecifiesthatthenextparameteristhe'netmask'value.

netmaskSpecifiesasubnetmaskvalueforthisrouteentry.

Ifnotspecified,itdefaultsto255.255.255.255.

gatewaySpecifiesgateway.

interfacetheinterfacenumberforthespecifiedroute.

METRICspecifiesthemetric,ie.costforthedestination.

Allsymbolicnamesusedfordestinationarelookedupinthenetworkdatabase

fileNETWORKS.Thesymbolicnamesforgatewayarelookedupinthehostname

databasefileHOSTS.

IfthecommandisPRINTorDELETE.Destinationorgatewaycanbeawildcard,

（wildcardisspecifiedasastar'*'）,orthegatewayargumentmaybeomitted.

IfDestcontainsa*or?

itistreatedasashellpattern,andonly

matchingdestinationroutesareprinted.The'*'matchesanystring,

and'?

'matchesanyonechar.Examples:

157.*.1,157.*,127.*,*224*.

DiagnosticNotes:

InvalidMASKgeneratesanerror,thatiswhen（DEST&MASK）!

=DEST.

Example>routeADD157.0.0.0MASK155.0.0.0157.55.80.1IF1

Therouteadditionfailed:

Thespecifiedmaskparameterisinvalid.

（Destination&Mask）!

=Destination.

Examples:

>routePRINT

>routeADD157.0.0.0MASK255.0.0.0157.55.80.1METRIC3IF2

destination^^mask^gatewaymetric^^

Interface^

IfIFisnotgiven,ittriestofindthebestinterfaceforagiven

gateway.

>routePRINT

>routePRINT157*....Onlyprintsthosematching157*

>routeCHANGE157.0.0.0MASK255.0.0.0157.55.80.5METRIC2IF2

CHANGEisusedtomodifygatewayand/ormetriconly.

>routePRINT

>routeDELETE157.0.0.0

>routePRINT

\Documentsan

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