大学一年级上学期精读unit14复习.docx

大学一年级上学期精读unit14复习.docx

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大学一年级上学期精读unit14复习

Unit1

⏹L2-3.Mywholelife,briefasitwas,hadbeenspentinthatbighouse,gracefullytouchedwiththelaughterandtearsoffourgenerations.

–briefasitwas:

althoughitwasbrief（short）

–gracefully:

inanattractiveway

–betouchedwith:

haveacertainamountofaquality

–laughterandtears:

happinessandsadness,joysandsorrows

Ispentmychildhood,althoughitwassoshort,inthatbighouse,inwhichfourgenerationshadlivedharmoniouslyandexperiencedbothhappinessandsadness.

Ispentallmytime,althoughitwassoshort,inthatbighouse,whichhadseen/witnessedthejoysandsorrowsofthefourgenerationsofmyfamily.

⏹L20-21.It’sthatspecialplaceinyourheartthatmakesthemso.

–Itis/was…that…:

anemphaticstructure

Whatmakesthemsobeautifulisnothingbutthatspecialplaceinyourheart.

⏹L22-23.Iplantedtheserosesalong,longtimeago—beforeyourmotherwasevenadream.

Iplantedtheserosesalong,longtimeago—beforewethoughtabouthavingadaughter/longbeforeyourmotherwasborn.

⏹L30-31.AllIcouldthinkofwasthatthelastthingIsaidtohiminhislifewasgoodbye.

–allIcouldthinkof:

allthat/whatIcouldthinkof

TheonlythingthatIcouldrememberwasthat,beforeheleftforthewar,Isaidgoodbyetohim,andthesewerethelastwordsIsaidtohiminhislife.

⏹L32-33.Don’tevergiveintothesadnessandthelonelinessofthatword.Iwantyoutorememberinsteadthejoyandthehappinessofthosetimesofthatword.

⏹Insteadofbeingovercomebythesadnessandthelonelinessofthatword,Iwantyoutorememberthejoyandthehappinessofthosetimesofthatword.L34-36.Takethatspecialhelloandlockitawaywithinyou—inthatplaceinyourheartwheresummerisanalwaystime.

Rememberthatspecialhelloandkeepittoyourself/bearitinyourmind/fastenitfirmlyinyourmind/imprintitonyourmindsothatyouwillalwaysbefilledwiththejoyandhappinessofsummer.

Rememberthatspecialhelloandkeepitdeepinyourheartwherethereisalwayssunlightandwarmth/inyourheartwhichisalwaysfilledwithjoyandhappiness.

⏹L36-37.Whenyouandyourfriendsmustpart,Iwantyoutoreachdeepwithinyouandbringbackthatfirsthello.

Whenyouandyourfriendsmustleaveeachother,Iwantyoutogettothebottomofyourheartandrecallthatfirsthello./…,Iwantyoutothinkdeeplyandrecallthefriendlyoccasionsonwhichyoumetyourfriendsandsaidhellotothemforthefirsttime.

⏹L43.Whenitcametomyturn,Inotedhowtiredhelooked.

Whenitwasmyturn（tosaymygoodbye）,Inoticedhowtiredhelooked.

⏹L49-50.Iwasstandingbyhisrosebushwhenanunclecametotellmethatmygrandfatherhaddied.

–use“when”tosaythatjustatacertaintimeaparticulareventsuddenlyoccurred（…正在此时，忽然…）:

…（mainclauseindicatingacertaintime）+when…（adverbialclauseindicatingasuddenevent）

WhileIwasstandingbyhisrosebush,anunclesuddenlycametotellmethatmygrandfatherhaddied.

⏹L50-51.RememberingGrandpa’swords,Ireacheddeepwithinmeforthosespecialfeelingsthathadmadeupourfriendship.

RememberingGrandpa’swords,ItriedtobringbacktomymindthejoyandhappinessthatIhadsharedwithhim.

grammar

⏹simplepast,pastprogressive,pastperfect

⏹verbsofperception

⏹specialwordorderwithasandthough

⏹presentparticiplephrasesusedasadverbials

simplepast,pastprogressive,pastperfect

⏹simplepasttense:

verb+-edorirregularverbs

1）completedactioninthepast:

–Iplantedtheserosesalong,longtimeago…（L22）

–Ayearandahalflater,mygrandfatherbecamegravelyill.（L38）

2）habitsorfactsinthepast:

–ItwasmywayofsayingthankyoutoGod.（L24）

–Iusedtowatchhimpickrosesforhismother.（L25）

3）durationinthepast:

–Foramomenthejuststaredoffintotheappletrees.（L10）

4）pasttenseofverbssuchaswant,wonder,hopeisusedforpoliteinquiries.

–Iwonderedhowyoulikedthefilm.

⏹pastprogressivetense:

was/were+v.-ing（presentparticiple）

1）interruptioninthepast:

UsethePastProgressivetoindicatealongeractioninthepastthatwasinterrupted.

–Iwasstandingbyhisrosebushwhenanunclecametotellme…（L49）

2）In1）,describedabove,thePastProgressiveisinterruptedbyashorteractionintheSimplePast.However,youcanalsouseaspecifictimeasaninterruption.

–Lastnightat6PM,Iwaseatingdinner.

*IntheSimplePast,aspecifictimeisusedtoshowwhenanactionbeganorfinished.InthePastProgressive,aspecifictimeonlyinterruptstheaction.

–Lastnightat6PM,Iatedinner.—Istartedeatingat6PM.

–Lastnightat6PM,Iwaseatingdinner.—Istartedearlier;andat6PM,Iwasintheprocessofeatingdinner.

3）parallelactions:

twoormoreactionshappeningatthesametime

–Iwasstudyingwhilehewasmakingdinner.

–Theywereeatingdinner,discussingtheirplans,andhavingagoodtime.

4）atmosphere:

aseriesofparallelactionstodescribetheatmosphereataparticulartimeinthepast

–WhenIwalkedintotheoffice,severalpeoplewerebusilytyping,someweretalkingonthephones,thebosswasyellingdirections,andcustomerswerewaitingtobehelped.Onecustomerwasyellingatasecretaryandwavinghishands.Otherswerecomplainingtoeachotheraboutthebadservice.

5）repetitionandirritationwith“always”:

expressingtheideathatsomethingirritatingorshockingoftenhappenedinthepast

–Ididn’tlikethembecausetheywerealwayscomplaining.

6）“when”vs.“while”:

“when”ismostoftenfollowedbytheSimplePast,whereas“while”isusuallyfollowedbythePastProgressive.

–Iwasstudyingwhenshecalled.

–WhileIwasstudying,shecalled.

⏹pastperfecttense:

had+v.pp.（pastparticiple）

1）completedactionbeforesth.inthepast:

–Mywholelife,briefasitwas,hadbeenspentinthatbigoldhouse,…（L2）

–Isawmygrandfather’stears.Ihadneverseenhimcrybefore.（L26）

–…anunclecametotellmethatmygrandfatherhaddied.（L49-50）

–Ireacheddeepwithinmeforthosespecialfeelingsthathadmadeupourfriendship.（L50-51）

–Iknewwhathehadmeataboutneversayinggoodbye…（L51-52）

2）durationbeforesth.inthepast:

–Wehadhadthatcarfortenyearsbeforeitbrokedown.

–Theyfeltbadaboutsellingthehousebecausetheyhadowneditformorethanfortyyears.

3）alackofexperienceratherthananactionataspecifictime:

thePastPerfectshouldbeusedratherthanthesimplepast.

–ShehadneverseenabearbeforeshemovedtoAlaska.√

–SheneversawabearbeforeshemovedtoAlaska.×

verbsofperception

⏹verbofperception+object+infinitivewithoutto（astheobjectcomplement）

1）SuddenlyIfeltahandrestonmyshoulder.（L5-6）

2）Iusedtowatchhimpickrosesforhismother.（L25）

3）Ihadneverseenhimcrybefore.（L26）

cf.

4）Ilookeduptoseemygrandfather.（L6）

5）Iseesomethingsoftandbeautiful,Grandpa.（L18-19）

6）Isawmygrandfather’stears.（L26）

⏹Verbsofperceptionareasetofverbsdenotingtheuseofoneofthephysicalsenses.Someverbsofperceptionsee,lookat,hear,listen,andfeel,alongwithwatchandsensecanbeusedwithobjectsfollowedbyverbsin-ingform,-edformandinfinitive（withoutto）form.

–Iheardhimshoutatherjustnow.（emphasisonmyhearing）

–IheardhimshoutingatherwhenIpassedhisoffice.（emphasisonhisshouting）

–Johnhasneverheardthepieceplayedbefore.（emphasisonthepassivevoiceofplay）

*infinitivewithtoinpassive:

–Shewasseentodanceinthegarden.

–（Wesawherdanceinthegarden.）

specialwordorderwithasandthough

⏹Inanadverbialclauseofconcession（concessiveclause）introducedbythoughoralthough,thecomplementortheadverbialcanbeplacedatthebeginningofthesentence.Theformulafortheinversionis:

complement/adverbial+as/though+subject+predicateverb

or:

adj./adv.+as/though+n.+predicateverb

v.+as/though+n.+auxiliaryverb

–Mywholelife,briefas/thoughitwas,hadbeenspentinthatbigoldhouse.（L2-3）

–Unlikelyas/thoughitmightseem,I’mtiredtoo.

–Tryas/thoughshemight/Hardas/thoughshetried,Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.

Presentparticiplephrasesusedasadverbials

⏹Presentparticiplephrasescanbeusedasadverbialstoexpressreason,condition,time,resultandattendingcircumstances.

–Turningaround,shesawanambulancedrivingup.（time）

–KnowingEnglishwell,hecanreadShakespeare.（reason）

–Workingstillharder,youwillsucceed.（condition）

–Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.（result）

–Hesatatthewindoweating.（attendingcircumstances）

⏹ing-clauseindicatingattendingcircumstances

–…Irantothehavenofthesmallbackporchandsatalone,shuddering,astearswelledupfrommyheart.（L4-5）

–Ilookedattheflower,notknowingwhattosay,…（L18）

–RememberingGrandpa’swords,Ireacheddeepwithinmeforthosespecialfeelingsthathadmadeupourfriendship.（L50-51）

1）_________________,theteachercameintothehall.

2）___________theteacher,thechildrencameintothehall.

3）____________theyoungpeople,theelderlywomanfeltveryhappy.

4）Shestoodthereformorethananhour,________thematplay.

5）_________________theotherday,Isawabirdbuildinganest.

6）Heputthebigboxdownonthefloor,________heavilyand_______exhausted.

Unit2

•L5-7.…itwasawfullyfunnytoreadwordsthatstoodstillinsteadofmovingthewaytheyweresupposedto—onascreen,…

–awfully:

adv.[spoken]very

–