北京语言大学外语专业综合水平测试英语历年真题Word文档格式.docx

北京语言大学外语专业综合水平测试英语历年真题Word文档格式.docx

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PartIReadingComprehension（1.5*20）+5=35%

SectionA（30%）

Directions：

Therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements．ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）．YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandwritethecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

TextA

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Hewasafunnylookingmanwithacheerfulface,goodnaturedandagreattalker.Hewasdescribedbyhisstudent,thegreatphilosopherPlato,as“thebestandmostjustandwisestman.”Yet,thesamemanwascondemnedtodeathforhisbelief.

Themanwasthegreatphilosopher,Socrates,andhewascondemnedfornotbelievingintherecognizedgodsandforcorruptingyoungpeople.ThesecondchargestemmedfromhisassociationwithnumerousyoungmenwhocametoAthensfromalloverthecivilizedworldtostudyunderhim.

Socrates’methodofteachingwastoaskquestionsand,bypretendingnottoknowtheanswers,topresshisstudentsintothinkingforthemselves.HisteachingshadunsurpassedinfluenceonallthegreatGreekandRomanschoolsofphilosophy.Yet,forallhisfameandinfluence,Socrateshimselfneverwroteaword.

Socratesencouragednewideasandfreethinkingintheyoung,andthiswasfrighteningtotheconservativepeople.Theywantedhimsilenced.Yet,manywereprobablysurprisedthatheaccepteddeathsoreadily.

Socrateshadtherighttoaskforlesserpenalty,andheprobablycouldhavewonoverenoughofthepeoplewhohadpreviouslycondemnedhim.ButSocrates,asaffirmbelieverinlaw,reasonedthatitwaspropertosubmittothedeathsentence.So,hecalmlyacceptedhisfateanddrankacupofpoisonhemlockinthepresenceofhisgrief-strickenfriendsandstudents.

1.

Inthefirstparagraph,theword“yet”isusedtointroduce_________.

[A]

contrast

[B]

asequence

[C]

emphasis

[D]

anexample

2.

Socrateswascondemnedtodeathbecausehe__________.

believedinlaw

wasaphilosopher

publishedoutspokenphilosophicalarticles

advocatedoriginalopinions

3.

Theword“unsurpassed”inthethirdparagraphiscloseinmeaningto________.

untold

unequaled

unnoticed

unexpected

4.

BymentioningthatSocrateshimselfneverwroteanything,thewriterimpliesthat__________.

itwassurprisingthatSocrateswassofamous

Socrateswasnotsolearnedasheisreputedtohavebeen

Socratesusedtheworkofhisstudentsinteaching

theauthoritiesrefusedtopublishSocrates’works

5.

Socratesacceptedthedeathpenaltytoshow________.

hisbeliefinhisstudents

hiscontemptforconservatives

hisrecognitionofthelegalsystem

thathewasnotafraidofdeath

TextB

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Influenzahasbeenwithusalong,longtime.AccordingtosomeGreekwritersonmedicalhistory,theoutbreakof412BCwasofinfluenza.ThesamehasbeensuggestedofthesicknessthatsweptthroughtheGreekarmyattackingSyracusein395BC.Fluisadiseasethatmovesmorequicklyamongpeoplelivingincrowdedconditions,soitislikelytoattackarmies.

Duringthenineteenthcenturytherewerefivewidespreadoutbreaksofinfluenza.Thelastofthefivehappenedin1889andmarkedthebeginningofthestoryofinfluenzainourtime.Likethepresentoutbreak,itstartedinAsia.

Formorethanfortyyearsbeforethatoutbreak,influenzahadsteadilydecreasedandwasbelievedtobedyingout.Anewgroupofoutbreakswasintroducedbythegreatoutbreakof1889-1890andforthenextquarterofacenturyfluremainedaconstantthreat.

InApril1918,flubrokeoutamongAmericantroopsstationed（驻扎）inFrance.Itquicklyspreadthroughallthearmiesbutcausedrelativelyfewdeaths.Fourmonthslater,however,asecondoutbreakstartedwhichprovedtobeakiller.Itkillednotonlytheoldandalreadysickbutalsohealthyyoungadults.Itwentthrougheverycountryintheworld,onlyafewdistantislandsintheSouthAtlanticandthePacificremaininguntouched.Itbroughtthelifeofwholecountriestoastop;

foodsuppliesstoppedandtheworklosswasverygreat.Beforethegreatoutbreakended,ithadkilledatleast15millionpeople.

Medicalscienceisstillnotcertainwhathitusin1918.Theinfluenzavirus（病毒）wasnotfounduntil1933,soallthattodaycanbesaidaboutthe1918outbreakwasthekindofantibodies（抗体）itproduced.

The1918outbreakwasnevercontrolled.Itsimplyburneditselfaftertakingagreatnumberofhumanlives.Beforemancouldhavedonemuchtolessentheeffectofsuchanoutbreak,hewouldhavehadtofindtheinfluenzavirussothatvaccine（疫苗）couldbedevelop.Itwouldalsohelptohaveaninternationalreportingsystemsothatcountriesthreatenedwiththediseasecouldpreparetodefendthemselves.

Thefirstbigadvancewasmadein1933,whenateamofBritishdoctorsfoundthetypeAinfluenzavirus.In1940adoctoroftheUnitedStatesfoundtypeB.LatertypeCwasfound,alongwithmanysub-groupsoftypesAandB.VaccineswerepreparedandusedwidelybythearmiesduringtheSecondWorldWartopreventoutbreaks.

Thefluvirusprovedtrickierthanmost.Avaccinegoodagainstonetypegavenoprotectionagainstanother.IndeedtypeAviruschangesitsnaturesoquicklythataperfectlygoodvaccinemayloseitsvaluebecauseofthechange.Thisincreasestheneedforthespeedydiscoveryoffluoutbreaks,sothatstocksoftherightvaccinecanbepreparedquicklyafteranoutbreak.StartingsuchawarningsystemisoneofthefirstthingsdonebytheWorldHealthOrganization.

6.

Forafewdecadesinthe19thcenturyitwasbelievedthatinfluenza______.

wasdyingout

couldbecuredeasily

wouldkilleverybody

wasaseriousthreattomankind

7.

Animportantpartofthedefenseagainstthe1918typeofoutbreakwouldbe______.

doctorswhoweremoreconcernedwiththeirpatients

agoodinternationalreportingsystem

amorefavorableclimate

keepingpeoplefromlivingneareachother

8.

Fluvaccinesaredifferentfromothervaccinesinthatthey______.

areusedmostlybyarmies

mustbeprescribedbydoctors

aregoodonlyagainstonetypeofthedisease

canbeusedbyanybodyatanytimewhenneeded

9.

Influenzaisadiseasewhichcanbebestdealtwithby______

richbutnotpoornations

nationalmedicalorganizations

healthorganizationsservingalargedistrict

worldwidehealthorganizations

10.

WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

The1918outbreakofinfluenzahadneverbeencontrolleduntil1933.

Humanbeingshavesufferedfrominfluenzaformorethan2,000years.

Doctorsandscientistssucceededinpreventingthe1918outbreakfromkillingmorepeoplebysettingupaninternationalreportingsystem.

Oneofthereasonswhythe1918outbreakwassodifficulttocontrolwasthatithadspreadtoofarandwide.

TextC

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Acastlewasthefortressandhomeofakingandqueen,ornobleman.Itofferedexcellentprotectiontothepersonwhoownedit.Acastlehelpeditsownerdefendthelandonwhichitstood.Italsoservedasahousefortheowner’sfamilyandmanyservants.

MostofthecastleswethinkoftodaywerebuiltinEurope.TheywereconstructedfromaboutAD1000toabout1500,duringaperiodknownastheMiddleAges.

Castlesplayedanimportantroleinasystemcalledfeudalism（封建主义）.ThatsystemaroseinEuropeafterthefalloftheRomanEmpire.Infeudalism,akinggavelandtonobles.Inreturn,thenoblespromisedtoservethekingandprovidehimwithsoldiers.

Noblesbuiltcastlesonthelandsgiventothembytheking.Butsomenoblessimplyclaimedlandastheirownandbuiltacastleonit.Thatwasaskingfortrouble.Thereweremanypowerstrugglesbetweennoblesandkings,andamongthenoblesthemselves.Ifonewantedprotecthimself,heneedagoodcastle.

Atypicalstonecastlehadseveralmainparts.Atthecenterofthecastlewasatallandverystrongbuildingcalledthekeep.Thisiswherepeopleinthecastlemadetheirlaststandiftheouterdefensesfailed.Manystonecastlesweresurroundedbyawideditchcalledamoat（城壕）.Somemoatswerefilledwithwater,butmanywerenot.Theonlywayintothecastlewasacrossawoodendrawbridgeoverthemoat.

Awell-builtcastlewasaprettysafeplacetobe.Attackershadahardtimegettingin.Theyhadfourmainoptions.Theycouldgooverthewallsusingladders.Theycouldsmashthroughthewalls.Ortheycoulddigunderthewallsandtrytogetpartofonetofalldown.Ifnoneofthosethingsfailed,theycouldjustcampoutsideuntilthedefendersranoutoffood.

11.

Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthecastle?

It’sahomeofaking,queenoranobleman.

Itcanprotecttheownerwell.

Ithousestheowner,hisfamilyandservants.

MostcastleswerebuiltinAmerica.

12.

TheMiddleAgesis_________.

Aperiodbetween1000and1500ADinEurope.

Aperiodbetween1000and1500ADinAmerica.

Aperiodbetween1000and1500BCinEurope.

Aperiodbetween1000and1500BCinAmerica.

13.

Infeudalism_______.

noblesgavelandtothek