北京语言大学外语专业综合水平测试英语历年真题.docx

北京语言大学外语专业综合水平测试英语历年真题.docx

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北京语言大学外语专业综合水平测试英语历年真题

北京语言大学外语专业综合水平测试英语历年真题

Hewasafunnylookingmanwithacheerfulface,goodnaturedandagreattalker.Hewasdescribedbyhisstudent,thegreatphilosopherPlato,as

[C]

Socratesusedtheworkofhisstudentsinteaching

[D]

theauthoritiesrefusedtopublishSocrates’works

5.

Socratesacceptedthedeathpenaltytoshow________.

[A]

hisbeliefinhisstudents

[B]

hiscontemptforconservatives

[C]

hisrecognitionofthelegalsystem

[D]

thathewasnotafraidofdeath

TextB

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Influenzahasbeenwithusalong,longtime.AccordingtosomeGreekwritersonmedicalhistory,theoutbreakof412BCwasofinfluenza.ThesamehasbeensuggestedofthesicknessthatsweptthroughtheGreekarmyattackingSyracusein395BC.Fluisadiseasethatmovesmorequicklyamongpeoplelivingincrowdedconditions,soitislikelytoattackarmies.

Duringthenineteenthcenturytherewerefivewidespreadoutbreaksofinfluenza.Thelastofthefivehappenedin1889andmarkedthebeginningofthestoryofinfluenzainourtime.Likethepresentoutbreak,itstartedinAsia.

Formorethanfortyyearsbeforethatoutbreak,influenzahadsteadilydecreasedandwasbelievedtobedyingout.Anewgroupofoutbreakswasintroducedbythegreatoutbreakof1889-1890andforthenextquarterofacenturyfluremainedaconstantthreat.

InApril1918,flubrokeoutamongAmericantroopsstationed（驻扎）inFrance.Itquicklyspreadthroughallthearmiesbutcausedrelativelyfewdeaths.Fourmonthslater,however,asecondoutbreakstartedwhichprovedtobeakiller.Itkillednotonlytheoldandalreadysickbutalsohealthyyoungadults.Itwentthrougheverycountryintheworld,onlyafewdistantislandsintheSouthAtlanticandthePacificremaininguntouched.Itbroughtthelifeofwholecountriestoastop;foodsuppliesstoppedandtheworklosswasverygreat.Beforethegreatoutbreakended,ithadkilledatleast15millionpeople.

Medicalscienceisstillnotcertainwhathitusin1918.Theinfluenzavirus（病毒）wasnotfounduntil1933,soallthattodaycanbesaidaboutthe1918outbreakwasthekindofantibodies（抗体）itproduced.

The1918outbreakwasnevercontrolled.Itsimplyburneditselfaftertakingagreatnumberofhumanlives.Beforemancouldhavedonemuchtolessentheeffectofsuchanoutbreak,hewouldhavehadtofindtheinfluenzavirussothatvaccine（疫苗）couldbedevelop.Itwouldalsohelptohaveaninternationalreportingsystemsothatcountriesthreatenedwiththediseasecouldpreparetodefendthemselves.

Thefirstbigadvancewasmadein1933,whenateamofBritishdoctorsfoundthetypeAinfluenzavirus.In1940adoctoroftheUnitedStatesfoundtypeB.LatertypeCwasfound,alongwithmanysub-groupsoftypesAandB.VaccineswerepreparedandusedwidelybythearmiesduringtheSecondWorldWartopreventoutbreaks.

Thefluvirusprovedtrickierthanmost.Avaccinegoodagainstonetypegavenoprotectionagainstanother.IndeedtypeAviruschangesitsnaturesoquicklythataperfectlygoodvaccinemayloseitsvaluebecauseofthechange.Thisincreasestheneedforthespeedydiscoveryoffluoutbreaks,sothatstocksoftherightvaccinecanbepreparedquicklyafteranoutbreak.StartingsuchawarningsystemisoneofthefirstthingsdonebytheWorldHealthOrganization.

6.

Forafewdecadesinthe19thcenturyitwasbelievedthatinfluenza______.

[A]

wasdyingout

[B]

couldbecuredeasily

[C]

wouldkilleverybody

[D]

wasaseriousthreattomankind

7.

Animportantpartofthedefenseagainstthe1918typeofoutbreakwouldbe______.

[A]

doctorswhoweremoreconcernedwiththeirpatients

[B]

agoodinternationalreportingsystem

[C]

amorefavorableclimate

[D]

keepingpeoplefromlivingneareachother

8.

Fluvaccinesaredifferentfromothervaccinesinthatthey______.

[A]

areusedmostlybyarmies

[B]

mustbeprescribedbydoctors

[C]

aregoodonlyagainstonetypeofthedisease

[D]

canbeusedbyanybodyatanytimewhenneeded

9.

Influenzaisadiseasewhichcanbebestdealtwithby______

[A]

richbutnotpoornations

[B]

nationalmedicalorganizations

[C]

healthorganizationsservingalargedistrict

[D]

worldwidehealthorganizations

10.

WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

[A]

The1918outbreakofinfluenzahadneverbeencontrolleduntil1933.

[B]

Humanbeingshavesufferedfrominfluenzaformorethan2,000years.

[C]

Doctorsandscientistssucceededinpreventingthe1918outbreakfromkillingmorepeoplebysettingupaninternationalreportingsystem.

[D]

Oneofthereasonswhythe1918outbreakwassodifficulttocontrolwasthatithadspreadtoofarandwide.

TextC

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Acastlewasthefortressandhomeofakingandqueen,ornobleman.Itofferedexcellentprotectiontothepersonwhoownedit.Acastlehelpeditsownerdefendthelandonwhichitstood.Italsoservedasahousefortheowner’sfamilyandmanyservants.

MostofthecastleswethinkoftodaywerebuiltinEurope.TheywereconstructedfromaboutAD1000toabout1500,duringaperiodknownastheMiddleAges.

Castlesplayedanimportantroleinasystemcalledfeudalism（封建主义）.ThatsystemaroseinEuropeafterthefalloftheRomanEmpire.Infeudalism,akinggavelandtonobles.Inreturn,thenoblespromisedtoservethekingandprovidehimwithsoldiers.

Noblesbuiltcastlesonthelandsgiventothembytheking.Butsomenoblessimplyclaimedlandastheirownandbuiltacastleonit.Thatwasaskingfortrouble.Thereweremanypowerstrugglesbetweennoblesandkings,andamongthenoblesthemselves.Ifonewantedprotecthimself,heneedagoodcastle.

Atypicalstonecastlehadseveralmainparts.Atthecenterofthecastlewasatallandverystrongbuildingcalledthekeep.Thisiswherepeopleinthecastlemadetheirlaststandiftheouterdefensesfailed.Manystonecastlesweresurroundedbyawideditchcalledamoat（城壕）.Somemoatswerefilledwithwater,butmanywerenot.Theonlywayintothecastlewasacrossawoodendrawbridgeoverthemoat.

Awell-builtcastlewasaprettysafeplacetobe.Attackershadahardtimegettingin.Theyhadfourmainoptions.Theycouldgooverthewallsusingladders.Theycouldsmashthroughthewalls.Ortheycoulddigunderthewallsandtrytogetpartofonetofalldown.Ifnoneofthosethingsfailed,theycouldjustcampoutsideuntilthedefendersranoutoffood.

11.

Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthecastle?

[A]

It’sahomeofaking,queenoranobleman.

[B]

Itcanprotecttheownerwell.

[C]

Ithousestheowner,hisfamilyandservants.

[D]

MostcastleswerebuiltinAmerica.

12.

TheMiddleAgesis_________.

[A]

Aperiodbetween1000and1500ADinEurope.

[B]

Aperiodbetween1000and1500ADinAmerica.

[C]

Aperiodbetween1000and1500BCinEurope.

[D]

Aperiodbetween1000and1500BCinAmerica.

13.

Infeudalism_______.

[A]

noblesgavelandtothekingandpromisedtoservehim.

[B]

noblespromisedtoservethekingandprovidehimwithsoldiers.

[C]

thekinggavethelandtonoblesandpromisedtoservethem.

[D]

thekingpromisedtoservethenoblesandprovidedthemwithsoldiers.

14.

AtypicalcastleoftenincludesallthefollowingpartsEXCEPT______.

[A]

thekeep

[B]

amoat

[C]

adrawbridge

[D]

afootballfield

15.

Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassagewhenenemiesattackacastle?

[A]

Theycouldburnupthewalls.

[B]

Theycouldsmashthroughthewalls.

[C]

Theycouldjustcampoutsideuntilthedefendersranoutoffood.

[D]

Theycoulddigunderthewallsandtrytogetpartofonetofalldown.

TextD

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

“Congratulations,Mr.Jones,it’sagirl.”

Fatherhoodisgoingtohaveadifferentmeaningandbringforthadifferentresponsefromeverymanwhohearsthesewords.Somefeelpridewhentheyreceivethenews,whileothersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfather.Althoughtherearesomemenwholikechildrenandmayhavehadconsiderableexperiencewiththem,othersdonotparticularlycareforchildrenandspendlittletimewiththem.Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.Forothercouples,pregnancywasasaccidentthatbothhusbandandwifehaveacceptedwillinglyorunwillingly.

Whateverthereactiontothebirthofachild,itisobviousthattheshiftfromtheroleofhusbandtothatoffatherisadifficulttask.Yet,unfortunately,fewattemptshavebeenmadetoeducatefathersinthisresocializationprocess.AlthoughnumerousbookshavebeenwrittenaboutAmericanmothers,onlyrecentlyhasliteraturefocusedontheroleofafather.

Itisarguedbysomewritersthatthetransitiontothefather’srole,althoughdifficult,isnotnearlyasgreatasthetransitionthewifemustmaketothemother’srole.Themother’sroleseemstorequireacompletetransformationindailyroutineandhighlyinnovativeadaptation,ontheotherhand,thefather’sroleislessdemandingandimmediate.However,eventhoughwementionedthefactthatgrowingnumbersofwomenareworkingoutsidethehome,thefatherisstillthoughtbymanyasthebreadwinnerinthehousehold.

16.

Accordingtotheauthor,beingafather_________.

[A]

bringsafeelingofexcitementtosomemen

[B]

hasadifferentmeaningforthosewhohavedaughters

[C]

makesomemenfeelproudandothersuneasy

[D]

meansnothingbutmoreresponsibilities

17.

Itisstated