免费高考英语难点提分解析阅读理解中的推理判断题技巧.docx

免费高考英语难点提分解析阅读理解中的推理判断题技巧.docx

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免费高考英语难点提分解析阅读理解中的推理判断题技巧

高考英语难点提分解析：

阅读理解中的推理判断题技巧

重点一细节推断

细节推断要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。

考生一般可根据短文提供的信息或者生活常识，进行推理判断。

考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才能作出准确的推断。

题干中主要会出现下列动词：

infer,indicate,imply,suggest,conclude,assume。

主要设题形式：

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassage/textthat______.

Theauthorstronglysuggeststhat______.

Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_______.

Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe_______.

Thewriterimpliesbutnotdirectlystatesthat______.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthepassagesupport?

Thewritertalkedabout...becausehe/shethought______.

Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutnewspapers?

Kenya

KenyaisthedestinationforthoseseekinganAfricanexperience.Ithaseverythingyoumightwanttodo.GenerallyvolunteersinKenyaworkinorphanages（孤儿院）orwithlocalchildrenlivinginslums（贫民窟）.ThereisagreatdemandforvolunteersinAfricabecausemanypeopleliveinpoverty,soifyoutrulyfeellikemakingadifferencetoacommunity,thenKenyashouldbeatthetopofyourlist.

…

1tcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatvolunteersinKenyamainlyworkwith_.

A.animalsB.plantsC.childrenD.theelderly

Ittakesconfidencetobeakid.Whethergoingtoanewschoolorsteppinguptobatforthefirsttime,kidsfacealotofunchartedterritory.

Naturally,parentswanttoinstillacan-doattitudeintheirkidssothatthey'llbravelytakeonnewchallengesand,overtime,believeinthemselves.Whileeachchildisalittledifferent,parentscanfollowsomegeneralguidelinestobuildkids'confidence.

Self-confidencerisesoutofasenseofcompetence.Inotherwords,kidsdevelopconfidencenotbecauseparentstellthemthey'regreat,butbecauseoftheirachievements,bigandsmall.Sure,it'sgoodtohearencouragingwordsfrommomanddad.Butwordsofpraisemeanmorewhentheyrefertoachild'sspecificeffortsornewabilities.

Whenkidsachievesomething,whetherit'sbrushingtheirownteethorridingabike,theygetasenseofthemselvesasableandcapable,andtapintothathigh-octanefuelofconfidence.

Buildingself-confidencecanbeginveryearly.Whenbabieslearntoturnthepagesofabookortoddlerslearntowalk,theyaregettingtheidea"Icandoit!

"Witheachnewskillandmilestone,kidscandevelopincreasingconfidence.

Parentscanhelpbygivingkidslotsofopportunitiestopracticeandmastertheirskills,lettingkidsmakemistakesandbeingtheretoboosttheirspiritssotheykeeptrying.Respondwithinterestandexcitementwhenkidsshowoffanewskill,andrewardthemwithpraisewhentheyachieveagoalormakeagoodeffort.

Withplentifulopportunities,goodinstruction,andlotsofpatiencefromparents,kidscanmasterbasicskills—liketyingtheirshoesandmakingthebed.Then,whenotherimportantchallengespresentthemselves,kidscanapproachthemknowingthattheyhavealreadybeensuccessfulinotherareas.

…

1.Whatshouldparentsdotoincreasekids’confidence?

A.Providemorechancestoshowtheirtalent.

B.Encouragekidstotrysomedifficulttasks.

C.Offerkidssomeadvicewhenitisnecessary.

D.Praisekidsforovercomingdifficultiestheymeet.

2.Kidscanfacenewchallengesbravelybecause______.

A.theyknowtheywillgethelpfromtheirparents

B.theyareeagertoexplorenewthingsaroundthem

C.theyhavemasteredskillstoovercomedifficulties

D.theirteachershavetaughtthemtobelieveinthemselves

重点二对文章来源或读者对象的推断

推断文章的来源或者读者对象要求考生具备一定的常识。

因此，考生本身要对报纸、杂志、网络、科普知识、小说、童话、广告、教材、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等有基本的了解，这样才能在做题时根据文章的特点选出最佳答案。

主要设题形式：

Thispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin_____.

Inwhichofthefollowingpublicationswouldthispassagemostlikelybeprinted?

Thepassageisprobablytakenoutof_____.

Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?

Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?

Thebabyisjustonedayoldandhasnotyetlefthospital.Sheisquietbutalert（警觉）.Twentycentimetersfromherfaceresearchershaveplacedawhitecardwithtwoblackspotsonit.Shestaresatitcarefully.Aresearcherremovesthecardandreplacesitbyanother,thistimewiththespotsdifferentlyspaced.Asthecardschangefromonetotheother,hergaze（凝视）startstoloseitsfocus—untilathird,withthreeblackspots,ispresented.Hergazereturns:

shelooksatitfortwiceaslongasshedidatthepreviouscard.Canshetellthatthenumbertwoisdifferentfromthree,just24hoursaftercomingintotheworld?

Ordonewbornssimplyprefermoretofewer?

Thesameexperiment,butwiththreespotsshownbeforetwo,showsthesamereturnofinterestwhenthenumberofspotschanges.Perhapsitisjustthenewness?

Whenslightlyolderbabieswereshowncardswithpicturesofobjects（acomb,akey,anorangeandsoon）,changingthenumberofobjectshadaneffectseparatefromchangingtheobjectsthemselves.Coulditbethepatternthattwothingsmake,asopposedtothree?

Noagain.Babiespaidmoreattentiontosquaresmovingrandomlyonascreenwhentheirnumberchangedfromtwotothree,orthreetotwo.Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses.Babieswhowererepeatedlyshowntwospotsbecamemoreexcitedwhentheythenheardthreedrumbeatsthanwhentheyheardjusttwo;likewise（同样地）whentheresearchersstartedwithdrumbeatsandmovedtospots.

63.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?

A.Sciencefiction.B.Children’sliterature.

C.Anadvertisement.D.Asciencereport.

Fastfoodgiant,McDonald’ssaidonTuesdaythattheywouldbecuttingoutexcesscaloriesintheirkids’menuchoicesstartinginSeptember.McDonald’swillreducetheamountofFrenchfriesinHappyMealsandwillalsoincludeslicedapple“dippers”ineverymeal.McDonald’ssayitwillstillincludetheever-populartoyswitheachmeal.

  “Wearegoingtointroducemorefoodgroupssuchasfruits,vegetablesandwholegrains,”saidCindyGoody,McDonald’sseniordirectorofnutrition.

Aftergettingmuchoftheblameforchildhoodobesity,fastfoodchains,especiallyMcDonald’s,begansellingmorenutritiousmenuitems.Buttherestaurantwasmostcriticizedforitsmarketingwhichisoftenaimedatyoungchildren.Somecities,suchasSanFrancisco,California,havebannedtoysfromallkids’mealsthatdidn’tmeetstrictnutritionalguidelinesforfat,saltandsugarcontent（含量）becausetheprizesattractedmorechildrentothefastfood.

   McDonald’sfeltpublicpressuretochangetheirofferings.ItreducedFrenchfryportionsfrom2.4ozto1.1ozineverymeal.Thisdecreasescaloriecontentbyabout20percent,whichmeansanewHappyMealislessthan600calories.Currently,theunhealthiestHappyMealconsistsofacheeseburger,friesand1percentchocolatemilk,whichcontains700caloriesand27gramsoffat.

Whichpartisthispassagetakenfrominanewspaper?

A.Travelandleisure.B.Historyandpolitics.

C.CultureandcustomsD.Dietandhealth.

重点三写作意图推断

写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。

作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。

这种题型要求考生不但要能理解文章的大意，还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。

主要设题形式：

Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?

Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto_____.

Thewriterofthestorywantstotellusthat_____.

Thefact...ismentionedbytheauthortoshow______.

Thewritertalksabout...inorderto______.

Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphinorderto______.

Hometomemeansasenseoffamiliarityandnostalgia（怀旧）.It'sfuntocomehome.Itlooksthesame.Itsmellsthesame.You'llrealizewhat'schangedisyou.Homeiswherewecanrememberpain,live,andsomeotherexperiences;Wepartedhere;Myparentsmethere;Iwonthreechampionshipshere.

IfIclosemyeyes,Icanstillhaveaclearpictureinmindofmyfirsthome.Iwalkinthedoorandseeabrownsofasurroundingalowglass-topwoodentable.Totherightofthelivingroomismyfirstbedroom.It'sempty,butit'swheremyearliestmemoriesare.

...

SometimeswhenIfeellost,Iliedownandshutmyeyes,andIgohome.Iknowit'swhereI'llfindmyfamily,mydogs,andmybelongings.IpurposelyleavethewindowopenatnightbecauseIknowI'llbeblamedbyMom.ButIdon'tmind,becauseIwanttohearhersaymyname,whichremindsmeI'mhome.

46.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?

 A.Toexpresshowmuchsheisattachedtoherhome.

 B.Todeclarehowmuchshelovesherfirsthouse.

 C.Todescribethestateofherfamily.

 D.Tolookbackonherchildhood.

Havingagreatcollectionofbooksathomedoesn’treallymeanthatyouareapersonwhohasapassionforliteratureandreading．Itcanbeafamilyinheritanceoritcanbejusttoimpresspeoplearoundyoubythefactthatyouareapersonofculture…

Frommypointofview,literatureisveryimportantinourlife．Forexample,readingisameansofgainingcultureandenrichingourknowledgeindifferentareas．Itcanhelpushaveagreatimaginationanditmakesthingseasierwhenitcomestomakecompositionsondifferentthemes．Itgivesyouthepossibilitytospeakaboutscience,evenifyoudon’tworkinthisdomain,oryoucanexpressyouropinionaboutapoliticalaspect,justbecauseyouhavereadsomethingconnectedtothat．

Secondly,literatureoffersusthepossibilitytoentertheworldofimagination,andtoleavetherealoneforacoupleofhours...

Inconclusion,Iwouldliketosaythatliteratureistheperfectmeanstoenrichourculture,toexpressourselvescorrectly,tohavearichvocabulary,tobeabletointerfereinconversationsindifferentfieldsofinterestandtoreallybeconsideredaneruditeperson．

Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Totellthereadersaninterestingstory.

B.