人教版高中英语必修4 第二单元unit2单词讲解.docx

人教版高中英语必修4 第二单元unit2单词讲解.docx

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人教版高中英语必修4第二单元unit2单词讲解

重点单词.词组讲解

1.strugglev.努力，拼搏，斗争

Hehasstruggledtohelpthemforthepastfivedecades.struggletodosth努力做某事

Wewerestrugglingforthegunwhenitwentoff!

strugglefor争夺；

Theyhadtostruggleagainstallkindsofdifficulties.struggleagainst同……斗争

【期末测试】ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle______.

A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard

【2013江西】Theyhavetostrugglefortheirindependence.

2.equipvi.&vt.使（某人）具备条件；装备，配备

Yourtrainingwillequipyouforyourfuturejob.equipsb.for/todosth.使某人具备做某事的条件

Heequippedhisbikewithaheadlight.equip…with…用……装备……。

equipmentn.设备，装备

【期末测试】Itisoftenthathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.

A.saidB.tosayC.sayingD.beingsaid

【2013福建】equiptheunemployedwithdifferentskills

【2013江西】She_____thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolour.

A.connectedB.fittedC.equippedD.matched.

3.confusevt.使某人迷惑；把某事搞乱

Theyconfusedmebyaskingsomanyquestions.他们提了一大堆问题上，把我弄糊涂了。

confused感到迷惑的；confusing令人迷惑的

【2015上海完形】1. A.impatient  B.confused      C.pleased       D.regretful

【2012北京】Confused,Iglancedtowardmystone-facedteacher.

4.reducevt.减少,缩小,简化

Heistryingtoreduceexpenses.他正试图减少开支。

reductionn.减少；降低

【期末测试】Computersandmobilephones,thoughtheyareindeedmakingourlifeandmore,havereducedtheneedforface-to-facecommunication.

A.easily;efficient（有效率的）B.easier,efficientC.easy;efficientlyD.easily;efficientl

【2015浙江完形】40.A.assessedB.involvedC.coveredD.reduced

【2015福建】Reductionofyourexpectations.

5.supply

1）n.指“供给;供应”等,其反义词为demand（需求）。

作名词时一般是不可数名词，但有修饰语时可加不定冠词

Wehaveagoodsupplyofwaterhere.

supplyanddemand供与求beinshortsupply供应缺乏,供应不足

foodsupply食物供应watersupply供水

n.当“供应品;生活用品;补给品”等,常用复数supplies。

householdsupplies家庭用品medicalsupplies医用品

2）v.指“供给,提供,备办”等supplysb.（with）sth,supplysth.to/forsb.

--Theysuppliedfoodto/forhim.

【11安徽】thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds

【2013天津】Thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkersoneofthemainpipes.

A.hadrepairedB.haverepairedC.repairedD.arerepairing

【期末测试】Astheworld’spopulationcontinuestogrow,the______offoodbecomesmoreandmoreofaconcern.

A.worthB.supplyC.packageD.list

6.whatever

1.引导让步状语从句（=nomatterwhat）

Whateveryousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.无论你说什么，我都不信。

2.引导名词性从句[=any（thing）（that）]

Whatevershedidwasright.凡是她所做的都是正确的。

【期末测试】--Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?

--OK,__youwant.

A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever

7.exportTheverbispronounced/ɪm'pɔːt/.Thenounispronounced/'ɪmpɔːt/.

1）vi.&vt.输出，出口

Weexportricebutimportwheat.

OurfactoryexportstoSoutheastAsia.

2）n.出口输出品;出口商品

Thesecarsaremadeforexport

importn.进口，进口商品；vt.输入，进口

【2013上海完形】60.A.consumeB.deliverC.exportD.advertise

【2012江苏】Americawillincreaseitsfoodexport

8.suitableadj.合适的，适当的，相配的

Thistoyisnotsuitableforyoungchildren.besuitablefor=befitfor适合

suitvi.合适，相称

【期末测试】Itis______thattwoandtwomakefour.

A.certainB.sureC.suitableD.necessary

【2011全国】Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.

【2014湖北完形】A.desperateB.readyC.suitableD.thankful

【2013北京】itisunsuitableforchildrenandpets

9.hungern.饥饿;欲望,渴望vt.&vi.（使）饥饿

Everybodyhasahungerforsuccess.haveahungerforsomething渴望.....

hungryadj.饥饿的,渴望的

Studentsarehungryforknowledge.

desire渴望;热望;欲望

ButFredwasboredanddesiredtogohome

Ihadastrongdesiretohelpandcareforpeople

【2013四川完形】13.A.hungerB.coldC.defeatsD.burns

【2014北京】Thebearbehavedabnormally,probablybecauseofhunger.

【2015课标2】Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry

10.expandvt./vi.面使变大，扩展，伸展增大，增加,扩展.

Metalsexpandwhentheyareheated.

expand（sth）into…发展扩展

Hisbusinessgraduallyexpandedintoasupermarketempire.

Iamtryingtoexpandthestoryintoanovel.

辨析：

expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张

extend强调向某一方向的延长

spread指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳膊张开

【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。

1）.Theman_______theinformationaround.

2）.Theempire_______itscountryinthe16thcentury.

3）.Theroadbuildersworkedhardto_______thehighway.

【期末测试】Ifwaterisheated,itwill_______.

A.expandB.spreadC.developD.increase

【2014湖北完形】48.A.startedB.failedC.expandedD.declined

【2015安徽】Theirexpandingbusinessbecamealargecorporationin1996

11.borninto…family（由于）出生于……的家庭

Bornintoapoorpeasantfamily,hecouldn’tgotocollege.

12.graduatefrom毕业于

DrYuangraduatedfromSouthwestAgricultureCollege.袁博士毕业于西南农业大学。

HegraduatedinlawfromOxford.表示毕业于某专业，用in

graduaten.毕业生vt.毕业；定等级vi.毕业；获学位

Heisagraduateinmedicine.

Theygraduate30,000engineerseveryyear.

【2012全国】First,sciencegraduatesareingreaterdemandthanartsonesinChina.

【2012陕西】Springiscoming,anditistimeforthoseabouttograduatetolookforjobs.Competitionistough,sojobseekersmustcarefullyconsidertheirpersonalchoices.

13.thanksto（=becauseof）由于，多亏

Thankstoyourhelp,weweresuccessful.由于你的帮助，我们成功了。

Thankstoyou,Iwassavedfromdrowning.幸亏你，我才没淹死。

14.rid…of…使……摆脱……（讨厌或不想要的）

Thankstohisresearch,theUNistryingtoridtheworldofhunger.

Youshouldridyourselfofthatbadhabit.你应改掉那个坏习惯。

getridof除掉，去掉

Heshooktheblanketstogetridofthedust.

15.besatisfiedwith对……感到满意/满足=becontentwith

I’mverysatisfiedwithyou.

satisfyvt.&vi.使满意，满足

satisfactionn.满足，满意

asenseofsatisfaction感到满足感  tosb’s/sth’ssatisfaction使某人满意的是

satisfiedadj.满意的，满足的

satisfyingadj.令人满意的，令人满足的

【期末测试】Shetoldmethatshewasnot_______withmyexaminationresults.

A.inspiredB.surprisedC.satisfiedD.excited

【期末测试】Myfirst_______ofhimwasthathewasakindandthoughtfulyoungman.

A.expressionB.attentionC.satisfactionD.impression

【2013天津】Psychologiststhinksatisfyingworkiskeytohappiness

【2013陕西完形】35.A.satisfyB.comfortC.encourageD.praise

16.careabout感兴趣，关心

Theonlythinghecaresaboutismoney.

carefor喜欢

Idon'tmuchcareforsweets

【期末测试】Ifyou_____faultsbutyoustillwantthebicycle,asktheshopassistanttoreducetheprice..

A.comeacrossB.careaboutC.lookfor.D.focusupon

【2014北京】wetendtocareabouttheoutputbutnottocontroltheinput.

【2014福建】hiscarefortheelderlywomanpuzzledtheflowerseller.

17.leada…life过着……的生活注：

其中的lead也可用live替换。

Hedidn’twanttoleadanemptylife.

Theyleadaneasylife（=alifeofease）.

leadtosth./doingsth.导致，通向

Smokingcanleadtolungcancer.

【2015安徽】So,howcanyoumakesmalltalkleadtoanewfriendshiporjob

【期末测试】Itdoesn’tmatter_________youturnrightorleftatthecrossing---bothroadsleadtothepark.

A.whetherB.howC.ifD.when

18.wouldrather宁愿

1.表示宁愿做某事，直接接动词原形。

Hewouldratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.

I’drathernotgothere.我宁愿不去那里。

2.表示“宁愿做……不愿做……”，后接than（do）sth.。

I’dratherstayathomethango.我宁愿呆在家里也不愿去。

2.后接从句，从句谓语动词用一般过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。

I’dratheryoucametomorrowthantoday.我宁愿你明天来，不要今天来。

I’dratheryouhadn’tdonethat.我真希望你没做过那事。

【期末测试】Wewouldratherourdaughter________athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.

A.wouldstayB.hasstayedC.stayedD.stay

20.insiston坚决主张，一定要（后接doing）

Heinsistedonmygoingwithhim.他坚持要我跟他一起去。

注：

insist表示“坚决主张，坚决要求”时，后面的that从句的谓语要用“（should+）动词原形”；

Sheinsistedthathewaswrong.

Heinsistedthatwe（should）acceptthesegifts.

Icalledinthehopeoffindingyouathome.我去看你是希望你在家的。

【期末测试】—Areyousureyouwon'tcomeforadrinkwithus?

—,ifyouinsist

A.NotatallB.ItdependsC.AllrightthenD.Idon'tcare

【2013辽宁完形】43.A.insistingonB.relyingonC.arguingaboutD.wonderingabout

【2014湖南】Healsoinsistedthattheyshouldleaveenoughspaceforchildren.

22.usedto过去常常（现在已不是如此了）

Heusedtowalktohisricefieldstwiceaday,butnowhepreferstoridehismotorcycle.

YouusedtoliveinLondon,usedn’t/didn’tyou?

你过去是住伦敦的，是吧?

比较：

be/getusedto（doing）sth.习惯于（做）某事

Youmustgetusedtogettingupearly.

【期末测试】There_______atempleonthesideofthemountain,didn’tthere?

A.wouldbeB.wouldhaveC.usedtohaveD.usedtobe

23.（be）richin盛产，富于

   Thecountryisrichinoilandcoal.这个国家石油和煤资源丰富。

【2012重庆】thequeenisrichintourexperience

24.regret

1.对…感到后悔

Fiveyearslatersheregretshavinggivenupherhome.regretdoing/havingdonesth.后悔已做了某事

2.为…抱歉;很遗憾地说/通知你

Iregrettosaythejobhasbeenfilled.regrettosay/tell/announce/inform遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知

regretfuladj.惋惜的；遗憾的；后悔的

Iamregretfulforhurtingherfeelings.beregretfulfor对....后悔

Iamneverregretfultochoosethemajorbynow.beregretfultodo后悔做某事

regretfullyadv.懊悔地；遗憾地

【期末测试】Ifwe____nowtoprotecttheenvironment,we’lllivetoregretit.

A.hadn’tactedB.haven’tactedC.don’tactD.won’tact

【2015新课标1】Ifwefailtodoso,we‟lllivetoregretit.

【2011重庆完形】38.A.unforgivableB.unforgettableC.cheerfulD.regretful

26.focus

1）vt.&vi.（使）集中，（使）聚集；调整焦点focuson=focus（one’sattention/mind/efforts）on集中（注意力/心思/精力）于

Manyofthepapersfocustheirattentiononthequestionofhomelesspeople

Focusyourcamera.

2）n.焦点,主题;重点

Herchildrenarethemainfocusofherlife

【期末测试】Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_______moreonitsculture.

A.focusB.focu