高考英语阅读理解抓分练习17.docx
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高考英语阅读理解抓分练习17
2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（17）及答案
阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Ifyouhaveeverbeenrockclimbing,youwillknowthatitisnotaveryeasysport.Infact,youprobablyfeltquitedefeatedwhenyoufirsttriedtodoanyseriousclimbing.Indoorandoutdoorrockclimbingarebothextremelyhardandrequirepracticetogetgoodat.Itisoneofthemostphysicallyandmentallydifficultsports.
Believeitornot,climbingissaidtobeabout75%legsandonly25%arms.Toclimbefficientlyandsuccessfully,apersonneedstohaveawonderfultechnique.Oneofthemajorrulesofrockclimbingistoalwayshavethreepointstouchingthewall,whetheritisbothfeetandonehand,oronefootandbothhands,asitismucheasiertohaveyourweightrestonthreepointsthanontwo.Anotherimportantideatograspisthatyourarmsinmostcaseswilldotheclimbing;theyonlyholdyouintothewallsothatyourlegsareactuallypushingyouupward.Also,thecloseryouaretothewall,theeasieritistoclimb.
Rockclimbingmaysoundabittoochallengingfortheeverydayperson,butitisreallyanamazingpractice.Onceyougetintothesport,andlearnhowtopositionyourbodyandyou’reyourweight,thenyoucanbegintodealwithsomedifficultproblems.Thegreatthingaboutrockclimbingisthatitismentallychallengingaswell.Youareconstantlyanalyzingthewayyourbodymovesandhowtodocertainmovesonthewall.Foranyonewhowantstogetintoshape,rockclimbingisafunandeffectivewaytoexercisemuscles.
【文章大意】本文讲述的是攀岩这项运动，它是一项很难的运动，不仅体现在身体上还体现在智力上。
据说攀岩75%靠腿力25%靠臂力，要想成功地攀岩还需要完美的技巧。
56.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofrockclimbing?
A.Itisaneasysport.B.Itischallenging.
C.Itisquitedangerous.D.Itisextremelydifficult.
57.Whileclimbing,itismucheasierforarockclimberifhe________.
A.takesaropeB.hasapartner
C.hasthreepointstouchingthewallD.usesfeetmoreoften
58.________willmakerockclimbeasier.
A.KeepingthebodyclosertothewallB.Restingmoreoftenonthearms
C.Restingmoreoftenonthefeet
D.Pushingforwardwithoutthinkingoftheproblems
福州市2011届高三年级第一次质量检查）
Lastweekend,20,000peoplegatheredinthestateofGeorgiatowatchstudentsfrom28countriescompetewithrobotstheybuilt.Morethantenthousandstudentsandmorethanfivehundredrobotstookpartinthecompetition.
ThestudentsandtheirrobotscompetedattheFIRSTChampionshipattheGeorgiaDomeinAtlanta.FIRSTistheshortwayofsayingtheorganization’scompletename：
ForInspirationandRecognitionofScienceandTechnology.
Almost1.700highschoolteamsenteredalevelofcompetitioncalledLUNACY.
InJanuary,theorganizationsentsuppliesforrobotstoeachteam.TheteamshadsixweekstobuildrobotsthatcouldcompeteintheLUNACYgame.Theplayingareahadsixrobots,threeoneachteam.Eachrobothadanothervehicle,ortrailer（拖车），connectedtoit.Therobotshadtopickup1argeballsandthrowthemintothetrailersofopposingrobots.Therobotsweremovingonasurfacewheretheycouldslide.Analliance（联盟）ofteamsfromCalifornia，IllinoisandMichiganwontheLUNACYcompetition.
Asecondcompetitioninvolvedbuildingarobotthatcouldtravelonunevensurfaces,moveobjectswithunusualshapesandresistphysicalstress.
Anothercompetitionwasforyoungerstudents，agedfrom9to14.Theyhadtodesign.buildandprogramrobotstoexploretheEarth’sclimate.
AmericaninventorDeanKamenstartedFIRSTin1989.Theorganizationholdsrobotcompetitionsaroundtheworld.Itoffersprogramsthathelpyoungpeoplelearnmore"aboutscience，technology，engineeringandmathematics，whichbuildlifeskills.Manycompaniesprovidesupporttotheorganization.
MisterKamensaysthegoalisaboutmorethanbuildingrobots.Hesaysthestudentcompetitorsshowedtheycoulddealwithdifficulttechnologicalproblems.And.1lesaysthatisgoodnewsbecausetheworldneedscreativethinkerstohelpwithincreasinglycomplexproblemsinthefuture.
（1）TheRobotCompetitionwasorganizedby_________．
A．thestateofGeorgia
B．anorganizationnamedFIRST
C．AmericaninventorDeanKamen
D．somecompaniesfromCalifornia
（2）TherobotsintheLUNACYgameareableto_______．
A．travelonunevensurfaces
B．exploretheEarth’sclimate
C．throwballsintothetrailers
D．moveobjectswithdifferentshapes
（3）ThemainpurposeofFIRSTisto_______．
A．attractmorecompaniestosupportthem
B．helpstudentsunder8tobeinterestedinscience
C．teachstudentshowtobuildrobotsonthespot
D．helpyoungpeoplelearnscienceaswellaslifeskills
（4）Theunderlinedword"that"inthelastparagraphrefersto
A．thegoalofbuildingrobots
B．thestudents’abilitytodealwithtechnologicalproblems
C．thegoalofthestudentcompetitors
D．somethingabouttechnologicalproblems
【解析】在美国的佐治亚州举办的机器人比赛吸引了来自不同国家的众多选手的参与，组织者希望通过这样的比赛提升年轻人的科学知识，培养生活技能，为未来攻克复杂问题做准备。
（1）B细节理解题。
根据第二段后半部分中的内容可知机器人比赛是由—个名叫FIRST的组织举办的。
（2）C细节理解题。
根据第四段倒数第三句中的内容可知这次比赛中的机器人要能够把球扔进对抗机器人的拖车中。
（3）D细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段第三句中的内容可知这个组织的主要目的是帮助年轻人学习科学和生活技能。
（4）B代词指代题。
此处承接的是上一句中的内容，根据上一句后半部分中的内容可知此处that指的是学生处理技术问题的能力。
（郑州市2011年高中毕业班第二次质量预测）
Whydomenliveashorterlifethanwomen?
Thelatestresearchindicatesthatmen’sheartsgoingintoarapiddeclinewhentheyreachmiddleagecouldbethecause.
Theresearchofageingonthehearthasshownthatwomen’slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartsdonotlosemuchpumpingpowerwithage.
“Wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20percent-25percentbetween20and70yearsofage,”saidtheheadofthestudy,SamanthaofLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversityintheUK.
“Withinthehearttherearemillionsofcellswhichmakeitbeat.Betweentheagesof20and70,one-thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmen,”saidSamantha."Thisispartoftheageingprocess."
Whatamazesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartsuffersverylittlelossofthesecells.Ahealthy70-year-oldwoman’sheartcouldworkalmostasperfectlyasa20-year-oldone’s.
“Thisgender（性别）differencemightgivethereasonwhymenliveshorterthanwomen.”saidSamantha.Theystudiedover250healthymenandwomenbetweentheagesof17and80,whoaremainlyhealthypersonssoastoreducetheinfluenceofdisease.“Theteamhasyettothinkaboutwhyageingsuffersagreaterlossonthemaleheart.”saidSamantha.
Butthereisalsogoodnews—mencanenjoythehealthoftheirheartswithregularexercise.Samanthastressedthatwomenshouldalsotakeregularexercisetostoptheirlegmusclesgettingweakerastheyage.
【解析】 本文介绍了一项科学研究的结果：
男人比女人寿命短主要是男人的心脏细胞在20岁到70岁之间损失掉三分之一，因而心脏的能力降低了20％—25％，而女人的心脏细胞在这一年龄阶段损失得很少。
（1）B猜测词义题。
根据第一段的第一句话"Whydomenliveashorterlifethanwomen?
"可推知"longevity"的意思足“长寿”。
（2）D主旨大意题。
本文探讨了男人比女人寿命短的主要原因，那就是与心脏细胞数量的减少有关。
男人的心脏细胞在20岁到70岁之间会丧失三分之一，因而心脏的能力降低了20％—25％，而女人的心脏细胞在这个年龄阶段几乎没有丧失。
因此，本文的中心话题是心脏与长寿。
（3）C细节理解题。
根据第五段的第一句"Whatamazesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartsuffersverylittlelossofthesecells”可知答案为C。
（4）C细节理解题。
根据最后一段的内容可知，男人经常进行锻炼可以拥有健康的心脏，女人经常进行锻炼可以抵制腿部的肌肉衰弱无力。
因此，要想长寿，就要积极锻炼。
GoingforYogaLessons
“Tryandseeinsideyourmind,awideopenblueskyandavastgreenplainfaraway.Breatheinasyoucircleyourhandshighaboveyourhead,thenbendbackalittle.Breatheoutasyoucircleyourarmsbackdowntoyoursides...”
Followingtheyogateacher’sgentleinstructions,BaiYunuo,15,fromtheHighSchoolAffiliatedtoBeijingNormalUniversitytriedtogeteachofherposescorrect.
Bai’sschooloffered24electivecoursesforSenior1studentsthistermandshechosetwo.Itwasherfirstyogaclass.
“I’mhappythatIcanlearnyogaatschool.IlovedancingbutIhavesomeinjuriesonmykneesfromwhenIwasakid.SoIdecidetotrysomethingsoft.Simplystretchingintodifferentposesmakesmefeelfreeandquiet.Andthemusicisquitecomforting.Theclassisrelaxingafterawholeday’swork,”Baisaid.
Thinkinglikeanadult
LiuZehao,15,foundhisinterestwasJuniorAchievement（企业经营模拟）.Thecoursebringsstudentsintotherealworldofbusiness.Intheirfirstclass,Liuandhisgroupmembersnamedtheircompany“Vision”.LiuwaselectedasCEOofthecompany.
“Herewelearntothinklikeanadult.Wehavetomakeourcompanygainthemostprofitswiththeleastinvestments（投资）.It’snewanddifferentfromothercourses,”hesaid.
LiuandBaitaketheirelectivecoursestwiceaweekwithstudentsfromotherclasseswhosharethesameinterest.Thestudentswillgettwocreditpoints（学分）fromeachcourseattheendofthisterm.Theyhavetoachieveeightcreditpointsfromelectivestograduatefromhighschool.
59.Whatisthefirstparagraphabout?
A.Instructionsoftheyogateacher.
B.Advertisementsoftheyogalessons.
C.Experiencesofelectivecoursesofthestudents.
D.AgymnasticlessongiventoSeniorIstudents.
60.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutBaiYunuo?
A.Shechoosestwoelectivecoursesforthissemester.
B.Shecan’tdancebecauseoftheinjuriesinherknees.
C.Shepracticesyogaeverymorningatschool.
D.Sheenjoyslisteningtothemusicwhenpracticingyoga.
【答案】C
【解析】从第三段Bai’sschooloffered24electivecoursesforSenior1studentsthistermandshechosetwo.得知白雨锘选择了两门选修课程
从第四段IlovedancingbutIhavesomeinjuriesonmykneesfromwhenIwasakid.得知她喜欢跳舞但是小时候膝盖受伤了现在不能跳了Idecidetotrysomethingsoft.implystretchingintodifferentposesmakesmefeelfreeandquiet.得知跳舞的时候的时候喜欢听轻音乐。
C项在短文中没有提到
【考点定位】考察的是细节理解题
61.WhatcanweinferfromBai’swords?
A.Shehasbeencrazywithyogasinceshewasveryyoung.
B.Yogaisnota
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