论文《威尼斯商人》的女性主义解读.docx

论文《威尼斯商人》的女性主义解读.docx

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论文《威尼斯商人》的女性主义解读

分类号密级

ＵＤＣ编号

汉口学院

本科毕业论文

题目《威尼斯商人》的女性主义解读

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Contents

摘要1

关键词1

Abstract2

KeyWords2

1Introduction3

2.IntroductiontoFeminism3

3.1.TheMerchantofVenice"OldSocialMale’sAuthority5

3.2.TheNewFeminism'sRebellion5

3.2.1Court’sPresence5

3.2.2FeminismtoMasculineRuleofSubversion6

3.3TheNewFeminismtoMasculine7

4.TheAwakeningofImperfectPortia–Incomplete7

4.1CompromiseofPatriarchy8

4.2ToBassanioSelf-Deprecation8

4.3WomenDisguisedasMenCourtBebate9

Conclusion10

Bibliography11

Acknowlegements12

《威尼斯商人》的女性主义解读

摘要：

《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚广为流传的的作品之一，一五九八年七月二十二日书业公会登记薄上有罗伯兹为《威尼斯商人》请求登记的记载，同年密尔斯（Meres）在他的“PalladisTamia”里也把《威尼斯商人》包括在他所开列的莎士比亚的喜剧名单以内。

可知《威尼斯商人》之写作不能迟于一五九八年，也许比这年代还要早几年，但是我们没有十分可靠的证据罢了。

《威尼斯商人》深刻反映了人文主义的胜利，其中人文主义思想和女性主义思想备受关注。

作品鲍西亚被莎士比亚塑造成为一个美丽、勇敢、足智多谋、充满青春与朝气的新女性形象。

并以饱含激情的笔触表现了其纯真的友谊和忠贞的爱情。

是的广大读者喜爱上了这位敢爱、敢冲破世俗的鲍西亚。

作品中鲍西亚的形象是资产阶级人文主义的理想化身。

然而，她并不仅仅是一个完全觉醒的女性。

本文试从女性主义角度分析《威尼斯商人》中鲍西亚的性格，以及其侍女尼莉莎、夏洛克之女杰西卡，探析其时代背景下的性格成因，以便全面揭示《威尼斯商人》女性形象的特点。

关键词：

女性主义觉醒男权社会

Abstract:

ShakespeareisoutstandingwriteroftheEnglishRenaissance.MainlytellsthestoryofTheMerchantofVeniceAntoniotohelpafriendtopursueagirlwhite,richandbeautiful;therefore,borrowmoneyfromShylockusury.PaydefaultclauseisapoundoffleshfromAntonio.Accidentally,bankruptcybutthedatehascometo,Antonio,Shylockseizethisopportunitytodischargeit.Finally,PortiadragaslawyerssaveAntonio'slife.

"TheMerchantofVenice"isstillastunningcharm,whichreflectstheimportantproblemoftheoldcapitalistsociety,thelevelofreligiousbeliefpoints.HealsoportraitedaradiantbeautyladyPortia.Inthispaper,fromthefeministperspectivetoexplorethecharacterofPortia,revealthesocietyoffeminismandwomen'sstatus.

Keywords:

feminist;awakening;thepatriarchalsociety

1.Introduction

ShakespeareisoutstandingwriteroftheEnglishRenaissance.MainlytellsthestoryofTheMerchantofVeniceAntoniotohelpafriendtopursueagirlwhite,richandbeautiful；therefore,borrowmoneyfromShylockusury.PaydefaultclauseisapoundoffleshfromAntonio.Accidentally,bankruptcybutthedatehascometo,Antonio,Shylockseizethisopportunitytodischargeit.Finally,PortiadragaslawyerssaveAntonio'slife.

"TheMerchantofVenice"isstillastunningcharm,whichreflectstheimportantproblemoftheoldcapitalistsociety,thelevelofreligiousbeliefpoints.HealsoportraitedaradiantbeautyladyPortia.Inthispaper,fromthefeministperspectivetoexplorethecharacterofPortia,revealthesocietyoffeminismandwomen'sstatus.

2.IntroductiontoFeminism

Inmodernphilosophyandsocialmovement'spointofview,feminism,usuallyinthe18thcenturyenlightenmentthinkersastheorigin.Itmarkedthepeoplerisetothedevelopmentofthesocietyfrommatriarchytomaternalageaftertheageofpaternalpatriarchalsystemintotheoverallchallengethepatriarchalsysteminordertorealizetheequalityofhuman"affirmativeera"，feminismisalsocalledthewomen'srights,feminismandthefeministmovementistopointtotoendthesexism,sexexploitationandoppression,topromoteequalityandtocreatesexclass，asocialtheoryandpoliticalmovement.Exceptinthecriticismofsocialrelations,feministsalsofocusesontheanalysisofthegenderinequalityandmotivatetheunderlyinginterestandtheissues.Feministvaluesisbasedonthat,thecurrentissetupbymale-centeredpatriarchalsystemsociety.Feminism,graduallytransformedintoorganizationalsocialmovementinthe19thcentury,forthepeoplemoreandmorebelievethatwomeninamalecenteredsocietywastreatedinequality.Rootedinwesternprogressivefeministmovement,especiallyinthereformmovementinthe19thcentury.Andtheterm"feminism",aimedatcallingformenandwomenenjoyequallegalandpoliticalrights.Improvewomen'ssocialstatusandmentalconsciousness.Allfeministtheoryisabasicpremise,thatis:

womenaroundtheworldisthelevelofoppression,discrimination,orfeministthought，aleadingauthorityBeauvoirsaid:

secondary"women'ssecondaryissowidespread,sopersistent.Womennotonlyinpolitics,economy,culture,thoughtandcognition,idea,theoryandvariousfieldsarenotequalstatuswithmen,andinthefamilyalsoisintheunequalstatusofmen.Menwhohadbeenatthecenterofsociety,womenarejustasdependentontheedgeoftheattachedperson.Feministtheory,inthefinalanalysis，generalizeawords:

toachieveequalitybetweenmenandwomen.

3NewFeministAwakening

Portiawasbornofasilverspooninhismouth.Buttherewasnoheavynotions.Inselectedprofessionalmagazineyoucancompletelyseeit.Naturally,butdotheirowndisasterforPortia.Whatforherprince,earl,noble,master,evenscoldthemas"notmuchbetterthanabeast."Shewouldrathermarryaskeleton,alsodonotwanttomarryanyoneofthem.Whoshelikesisanomoney,Bassanio，borrowingtoremainthesubsistence.Shedescribedhimas"athoughtanangelofgodsentadecent."Shehastakentheoldconceptofthesocialclassandfamilycompletelyforgotten.Daretoexpresstheirlove.

Inthepatriarchalsocietyatthattime,womenhasnorightstochoosetheirmarriage,thestatusofwomenisasubordinateposition,andstillcannotequalmen.ButPortiaisnotatraditional,inthefaceofnationalidentitynoblemalenobles,showedasurprisinglycalmandwits.Shapeastrongfemaleself-consciousnessandindependentspirit.Herbeingtruetoapioneerofwomen’sdignityandpridereflecttheirownnoteasytoget,andletthosenoblemenshowingthieruglybehaviours

AtthesametimeinTheMerchantofVenicePortia:

peopledaretopursueloveandhappiness,andfullycharacterizeaviciouscunningjewishdaughter,Jessicaaswell.AsaJew,butfellinlovewithaChristianLuoLanzuo.Visiblely,Jessicatriedtodothepursuitofhappinessinsteadoftheoldideasaboutthechurch.Thusleadnewfeminismawakening.

3.1“TheMerchantofVenice”OldSocialMale’sAuthority

"TheMerchantofVeniceissetintheeraofmaledominance；underthestatusofwomen.Humanismeraoftheso-calledpeople-oriented,equalityandfraternity,alsojustreflectedthebourgeoisiedesireamanasthecenterofthecircleandrequirements.Liberationisonlythemale.

WomenunderthepatriarchalruleintheMerchantofVeniceismainlymanifestedinthefollowingthreeaspects:

first,asafemale,Portiahasnorighttochoosetheirownhappinessandfreedom",thedaughterofalivingisadeadfather'swillconstraint".Second,women'ssignificance,itcanevenbesacrificed"incourt,BassaniocalledAntonio,Imarriedawife,Iloveher,butmylife,mywife,plustheworld,Ifeelmuchlessthanthevalueofyourlife.Iwouldliketosacrificeallthistothedeviltosaveyou."Atthesametime,theservantofBassaniosaid:

Ihaveawife,IdaresayIloveher,Iwouldrathershewasuptoheaven,praytogodtochangethisviciousliketheheartofthejews.Thetwolinescanillustratethispoint.Thethirdpoint:

Portiacourtcaseastheawakeningofnewwomencan'tbedecent,disguisedasamen.Thisisenoughtoprovethatwomen'sstatusatthattime.

3.2TheNewFeminism'sRebellion

3.2.1Court’sPresence

Saidtothefront,Portiatoappearances,shesaid,"thedaughterofalivingtobeadeadfather'swill."CanbeseenfromthissentencePortiatochoosetheprofessionalmagazineinthemindishowmuchresistance.Father'swill,infact,istheperformanceofthefeudalthought,isthefeudalforcestoPortiatoclampdown.Forsuchfeudalforces,Portiaismoreresistance.ForDuke,Portiatoitsevaluationis:

"notmuchbetterthanabeast."WhenLisasaid:

"ifheaskedtochoose,marriedtohischosenreservedbox,whenyouchoosetorefusetomarryhim,that'snotthecaseagainstthefather’swill,"Portia:

"inordertopreventduringonethousand,Iwantyouformeinthewrongboxslowlyputtingacupofwine;theRhineriverisadevilinhisheart,temptationinfrontofhim,Ibelievethathewillbeselectedthatacase,whatIwanttodo,Nerissa,aslongasdon'tletmemarrythatdrunk."SoPortia'sdeterminationtotheirownhappinessoffeudalsecularrebellion.

Jessica,atthesametime,inordertogainownhappinessrebelmoredecisiveandmotivation.Lorenzoaparagraph:

"Ihavetotellyoueverything,howshehascalledmewithheroutofherfather'shouse,howmuchshehadthegoldandsilverjewelry,howisreadyforachildren'sclothing."OnceoutofthispassageweknowJessicatoLorenzoelopement.Foradaughterofthejews,underthefeudalsocietyofwomenliketohavealovewiththepaganelope,thereishowbigofcourage.AtthesametimealsoseeJessicathelongingforloveandyearning.Thisisnotjusttheoldsecularrebelbutachallengetothepatriarchal

3.2.2FeminismtoMasculineRuleofSubversion

InTheMerchantofVenice"court"inthefourthact,Portia’sbrillianceoffemaleimageswereonfulldisplay.Here,Portiagotincisivelyandvividly,nuancedportrayal.Dare-to-my-feetattitudebyherwitandcharm,courageandjustice.And,moreimportantly,asawomanshecouldstandupinthepatriarchalsocietyofinfidelity,wehavetosayit