高中英语难点汇总.docx
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高中英语难点汇总
1、
2、
3、Iagreetohissuggestion____theconditionthathedropsallcharges.
A.by
B.in
C.on
D.to
4、Dr.Bethuneoperated_____thewoundedsoldiers_____acoldwinternight.
A.on;at
B.on;on
C.on;in
D.at;in
5、Taiwanlies__________theeastofFujianandislargerthan_________islandinChina.（2016年上半年真题）
A.to;any
B.in;any
C.to;anyother
D.in;anyother
6、表示地理位置的in,on,to
in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外
7、表示年代
如“在20世纪80年代”是inthe1980’s或inthe1980s，读作inthenineteeneighties
8、分数的构成：
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时
分母用复数。
如：
twothirds=2/3。
9、2._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.
A.Twofifth;is
B.Twofifth;are
C.Twofifths;is
D.Twofifth;are
10、Whatisthecorrectwaytoreadthedecimal“106.16”inEnglish?
（2014年下半年真题）
A.Onehundredandsixpointonesix.
B.Onehundredandsixpointsixteen.
C.Onehundredandsixpointsonesix.
D.Onehundredandsixpointssixteen.
4.Frank_____Londonbytrainwhich____at8:
30nextmorning.
A.isleavingfor;willleave
B.isleavingfor;leaves
C.willleavefor;willleave
D.leaves;forleaves
5、______in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyoriginalfunparks.
A.Opened
B.Havingopened
C.Opening
D.Beingopened
6.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper______inbroaddaylightyesterday.
A.toberobbed
B.tohavebeenrobbed
C.robbed
D.havingbeenrobbed
2._________________consciousofthemoralobligationsasacitizen.
A.Marshawasandalwayswillbe
B.Marshahastobeandalwayswillbe
C.Marshahadbeenandwillalwaysbe
D.Marshahasbeenandwillalwaysbe
6.Themaninsisted_____ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.
A.find
B.tofind
C.onfinding
D.infinding
1.________enoughtimeandmoney,theinvestigatorswouldhavebeenabletodiscovermoreevidenceinthiscase.
A.Giving
B.Given
C.Togive
D.Beinggiven
就近一致
1）Thereisateacher,threestudentsintheroom.
（2）Eitheryouoryourbrotherhastogothererightnow.
（3）NotonlyIbutalsohewantstogoswimmingintheriver.
注：
or,either…or….,neither…nor….,notonly….butalso…,not….but…
4.就远一致
（1）Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,isgoingtovisitBeijingthissummer.
（2）John,ratherthanhisroommates,istoblame.
注：
with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,ratherthan,nolessthan,but,except,including,inadditionto…
6.Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmates_____invitedtotheparty.
A.was
B.were
C.havebeen
D.hadbeen
若并列的两个名词由each,every,no所修饰，谓语用单数。
Eachminuteandeachsecondisimportant.
Everyboyandeverygirl________toattendtheeveningparty.
A.wishB.wishesC.islikeD.like
主语由morethanone或manya构成:
Morethanonestudenthasreadthebook.
Manyagirlhasbeenthere.
主语由more+复数名词+thanone构成：
Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.
谓语通常复数：
glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,chopsticks,scissors
主语前有限定词，谓语动词与限定词一致。
Apairofshoesisonthedesk.
Twopairsofshoesareonthedesk.
2.Iflawandorder______,neitherthecitizennorhisfamilyissafe.
A.arenotpreserved
B.isnotpreserved
C.werenotpreserved
D.havenotbeenpreserved
7.Breadandbutter______likedbyWesterners.
A.is
B.are
C.were
D.be
9.Heaskedme_____withme.（特殊例子）
A.whatisthetrouble
B.whatwrongwas
C.whatwasthematter
D.whattroubleitis
4.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.
A.allthat
B.allwhat
C.that
D.Which
7.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
A.which
B.that
C.whom
D.what
9.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.
A.who
B.whom
C.that
D.as
1.I’llletyouknow_____hecomesback.
A.before
B.because
C.assoonas
D.although
4.____theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon'tthinkit'sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.
A.If
B.While
C.Because
D.As
2.Criticismandself-criticismarenecessary_______theymayhelpustofindoutandcorrectourmistakes.
A.bythat
B.atthat
C.onthat
D.inthat
4.Hesaidhe’dphoneyou_________hegothome.
A.themoment
B.themomentwhen
C.atthemoment
D.atthemomentwhen
so,neither或nor表示也…或也不…
Hecanplaythepiano,socanI.
6.---Iseveryonehere?
---Notyet...Look,there_____therestofourguests!
A.come
B.comes
C.iscoming
D.arecoming
7.Iwonderifyourgirlfriendwillgototheball.Ifshe_____,so_____mine.
A.does;does
B.does;will
C.will;does
D.would;will
1.ItwasinBeihaiPark_______theymadeadateforthefirsttime_______theoldcoupletoldustheirlovestory.
A.where;that
B.that;that
C.where;when
D.that;when
5.Itwasnotuntildawn________thesnowcappedpeakintheremoteareainTibet.
A.thattheysighted
B.didthesight
C.thattheydidnotsight
D.hadtheysighted
6._____Sunday,ratherthan_____athome,Ipreferred_____.
A.Itbeing;stay;totravel
B.Being;tostay;totravel
C.havingbeen;stay;travel
D.Itwas;tostay;travelling
注释：
ratherthandosth;prefertodosth
7.Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands______behindhisback.
A.beingtied
B.havingtied
C.tobetied
D.tied
8.Allthestudentsareseatedintheclassroom,_____actuallygoodattheirstudy,listeningattentively.
A.mostofwhom
B.mostofwho
C.mostofthem
D.mostofwhich
虚拟语气
5._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.
A.Were
B.Should
C.Would
D.Will
？
8.—Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible?
—Yes,butI_______busydoingmyhomework.
A.was
B.were
C.hadbeen
D.wouldbe
5.名词性从句虚拟—主语从句
结构1：
Itisadj/done+（that）sb（should）dosth
如：
urgent,advised，desired，demanded，important，natural，necessary，ordered，proposed，recommended，required，suggested，strange，urgent，strange等。
例：
It’surgent（that）we（should）sendforadoctoratonce.
结构2：
itisapity/itisawonder/itisashame+虚拟。
例：
Itisapity（that）she（should）callblackwhite.（颠倒黑白）
名词性从句虚拟—宾语从句
结构：
S+v.+（that）sb（should）dosth
如：
demand，insist，desire，propose，suggest，move，urge，advise，recommend，command，order等要求、命令、建议类。
1.Shedemanded（that）thepaper（should）berewritten.
2.Isuggest（that）he（should）getthereassoonaspossible.
1.Isuggestedtheperson（referredto）（should）beputintoprison.
A.refers
B.referring
C.referred
D.refer
3.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing_____wrongwithhim.
A.onhimtogo;shouldbe
B.hewent;be
C.hego;washego=heshouldgo
D.heshouldgo;is
it's（high）time+从句（shoulddo里的should不可省略）
It'stimewegotsomethingtoeat.
It'stimeweshouldgetsomethingtoeat.
状语从句虚拟—if条件句
状语从句虚拟—方式状语从句
状语从句虚拟—目的状语从句
Lest/forfear（that）/incase引导的目的状语从句，谓语动词用“（should）+do”构成。
1.I'mtellingyouthislestyou（should）doubtmysincerity.
2.Juliahadtogoonadietforfearthatshe（should）loseherjobasamodel.
名词性从句虚拟—wish+宾语从句
其他结构中的虚拟—if或ifonly句型
1、语言的本质特征
Arbitrariness任意性bearnonaturalrelationshiptotheirmeanings
Duality二重性
Creativity创造性
Displacement移位性
2、语言的功能
Informativefunction信息功能
InterpersonalFunction人际功能
PerformativeFunction施为功能
EmotiveFunction情感功能
PhaticFunction寒暄功能
RecreationalFunction娱乐功能
Metalingualfunction元语言功能
3、语言学几组区别性概念
（1）Prescriptivevs.Descriptive规定性研究与描述性研究，
Don’tsayX——prescriptive
Peopledon’tsayX——descriptive
Thedistinctionliesinprescribinghowthingsoughttobeanddescribinghowthingsare.
（2）Synchronicvs.Diachronic共时与历时
Synchronic:
Asynchronicdescriptiontakesafixedinstantasitspointofobservation.Mostgrammarsareofthiskind.
Diachronic:
Saussure’sdiachroniclinguisticsisthestudyofalanguagethroughthecourseofitshistory.
（3）Langue&Parole语言和言语
Langue：
theabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity
Parole：
therealizationoflanguageinactualuse.
（4）Competence&Performance（能力与行为）
Competence：
referstoalanguageuser’sunderlyingknowledgeaboutthesystemofrules.
Performance：
referstotheactualuseoflanguageinconcretesituations.
语音学phonetics
1、Phonetics：
howspeechsoundsareproduced,transmitted,andperceived,thedescriptionandclassificationofspeechsounds
ArticulatoryPhonetics:
productionofspeechsounds.
AcousticPhonetics:
transmissionofspeechsounds.
AuditoryPhonetics——perceptionofspeechsounds.
2、ClassificationofConsonants辅音分类
（2）accordingtothemannerofarticulation（P3）
Phonology音位学
KEYPOINTS:
1.Phoneme&Allophone
2.Minimalpairs
3.Syllable
4.Stress
5.Assimilation
6.SomeRulesinPhonology
Stress
Wordrules：
a.oneword,onestress;
b.thestressisalwaysonavowel.
一个单词只有一个重音，而且重音永远在元音上
Sentencestress句子重音
Contentwordsareusuallystressed.
Structurewordsareusuallynotstressed.
7.Thedifferentphoneswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironmentsarecalledthe__________ofthatphoneme．
A.minimal
B.allomorph
C.phones
D.allophones
Morphology语素学
Keypoints
1.Morpheme
2.Freemorpheme
3.boundmorpheme
4.Inflectionalaffix
5.derivationalaffix
1、Morpheme语素
Thesmallestlinguisticunitthathassemanticmeaning
Semantics语义学
1.单词语义关系
2.句间语义关系
Pragmatics语用学
Keypoints:
言语行为理论
Searle对言外行为的划分
直接言语行为和间接言语行为
合作原则与四大准则
会话含义理论
会话含义的特征
1、语言学习理论
（1）行为主义学习理论
（2）认知学习理论
（3）社会学习理论
2、英语教学法主要流派：
一、语法翻译法：
特征：
（1）它用母语组织教学，过分依赖母语。
（2）以传统语法作为外语教学的基础，语法教学以演绎法为主。
（3）强调对词汇和语法规则的记忆，忽视口语；缺乏趣味性。
（4）轻视听说，大量使用母语
升级会员 