专题23 阅读综合演练4解析版备战高考英语.docx
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专题23阅读综合演练4解析版备战高考英语
专题20阅读综合演练（4）
1
ThenumberofAmericanyoungstudentsusingvaping（电子烟）fellsharplythisyear,accordingtoa2020survey.
The2020surveywascarriedoutbytheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention（CDC）andtheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）.About20,000Americanstudentstookpartinthesurveyfrommid-Januarytomid-March.Theywereaskedabouttheuseofanyvapingortobaccoproductsduringthepastmonth.Under20%ofhighschoolstudentssaidtheywererecentusersofe-cigarettesandothervapingproducts.Just5%ofmiddleschoolstudentssaidtheyhadrecentlyusedthem.
Thatmarkedabigdecreasefromasimilarsurveyin2019.Theearliersurveyfoundnearly28%ofhighschoolstudentsand11%ofmiddleschoolstudentshadrecentlyvaped.
Healthexpertsbelievethatthedropcomesafterlastyear'ssuddenincreaseinvaping-relatedillnessesanddeath.Aninvestigationshowedthatlastyear,morethan2,600casesoflunginjuries,including60deaths,wereconnectedwithvaping.MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.
Earlierthisyear,theFDAbannedsomeflavors（味道）fromvapingdevicesmainlyusedbyteens.Andthefederallawnowbans（禁止）salesofalltobaccoproductsande-cigarettestoanyoneundertheageof21.
MattMyersoftheCampaignforTobacco-FreeKidssaidthesurveyshoweda"meaningfuldrop'”inteenvaping.ButhefeltdisappointedthattheTrumpgovernmentdidn'tfollowthroughapromisetobanallflavorede-cigarettes."Aslongasanyflavorede-cigarettesareleftonthemarket,kidswillgettheirhandsonthemandwewillnotsolvethecrisis,"Myerssaid.
1.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?
A.VapingratesamongyoungstudentsintheU.Swentuplastyear.
B.Thevapingincreasewasnotlinkedtopopulare-cigarettes.
C.MostpatientssurveyedblamedtheirdiseaseonmixturescontainingTHC.
D.TheTrumpgovernmentsaidnotoallflavorede-cigarettes.
2.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?
A.whatcausesthedropinvapingamongteens
B.whateffectsvapinghasonteens
C.whyvapingenjoyspopularityamongteens
D.howvapingbecomespopularamongteens
3.What'sMattMyer'sattitudetowardstheTrumpgovernment'seffortstobancigarettes?
A.Positive
B.Negative
C.Objective
D.Doubtful
4.Inwhichsectioncanthepassagebefound?
A.Entertainment
B.Politics
C.Education
D.Health
【答案】
1.C
2.A
3.B
4.D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。
根据2020年的一项调查，今年使用电子烟的美国年轻学生数量急剧下降。
文章详细介绍了调查结果以及导致这一结果的原因，政府为了禁止学生吸烟所采取的措施。
1.
细节理解题。
根据第四段最后一句“MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.（大多数染病的人说他们吸入了含有四氢大麻酚的混合物。
）”可知，大部分患者都把他们患病的原因归咎于含有THC的混合物。
blame…on…意为：
把责任归到……身上；归咎于。
故选C项。
2.
主旨大意题。
第四段第一句“Healthexpertsbelievethatthedropcomesafterlastyear'ssuddenincreaseinvaping-relatedillnessesanddeath.（健康专家认为，在去年与吸电子烟有关的疾病和死亡突然增加之后，这一数字出现了下降。
）”是全段的中心句，表明全段主要介绍了导致青少年使用电子烟的比例急剧下降的原因是什么。
故选A项。
3.
推理判断题。
A.Positive积极的；B.Negative消极的；C.Objective客观的；D.Doubtful可疑的。
根据最后一段中“ButhefeltdisappointedthattheTrumpgovernmentdidn'tfollowthroughapromisetobanallflavorede-cigarettes.（但他对特朗普政府没有把禁止所有调味电子烟的承诺履行到底感到失望。
）”可知特朗普政府并没有打算从根本上禁止所有调味电子烟，由此推断对于此事的态度是消极的。
故选B项。
4.
推理判断题。
根据文章中的“Healthexperts（健康专家）”、“vaping-relatedillnessesanddeath（与电子烟有关的疾病和死亡）”、“MostofthosewhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedmixturescontainingTHC.（大多数染病的人说他们吸入了含有四氢大麻酚的混合物。
）”可总结出，全文是关于电子烟对青少年的身体健康的危害的。
故选D项。
2
Texashasbeenoneofthemostrestrictivegun-rightsstatesinAmerica.Thankstoanewlaw,however,thestatewillbeoneofthemostrelaxed,tothedegreethatpolicearediscouragedfromevenaskingaboutsomeone'sguns.Andiftheydo,theymaynothavemuchpowertodoanythingifthepersonrefusestoshowalicense.
Tobesure,thelawisstrictinitsownway,offeringamodelforregulation.Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.
ItistruethatgunviolencedroppedsharplyafterrestrictivelawswereputinplaceincountrieslikeGreatBritainandAustralia.However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-yearassault（攻击）weaponsbanin2004.BlackFridaythisyearsawthebiggestguncache（贮存）everpurchasedinoneday.
Consideringthosetrends,there'saheateddebateaboutwhetherthenewTexaslawisamodelpieceoflegislation（立法）forachangingAmerica,orawalkingdisasterjustbeggingfortrouble.Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.Afterall,armedcitizenswillnolongerbeconsideredsuspicious,eventhoughalotofpeoplemightbealarmedbythesight.MostpoliceinTexashavebeentoldtonotengageguncarriersunlesstheyaredoingsomethingquestionableorappeardrunk.
Forsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.
5.AllofthefollowingarerequiredinthenewTexaslawforopencarryEXCEPT
A.agelimit
B.mentalcondition
C.onlineregistration
D.gun-operatingskills
6.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?
A.ThereasonforputtingforwardthenewTexaslaw.
B.ThepresentsituationofgunpossessioninAmerica.
C.Theimpactoftheassaultweaponsbanin2004.
D.TheinactionoftheUSgovernmentastoguncontrol.
7.WhatdocriticsthinkthenewTexaslawwillprobablyleadto?
A.Heavierworkloadforpolicemen.
B.Disrespectforofficers.
C.Lackoftrustamongcitizens.
D.Difficultyincrimeprevention.
8.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewTexaslaw?
A.Negative.
B.Cautious.
C.Indifferent.
D.Approving.
【答案】
5.C
6.B
7.D
8.B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。
美国民众比较热衷于持枪，文章就德克萨斯州关于枪支管理的新法律进行了介绍。
5.
细节理解题。
根据第二段的“Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.根据法律，公开携带武器的公民必须获得许可，这一过程包括安全和射击测试。
他们之前必须没有心理问题，而且必须年满21岁”可知，新法律对年龄，心理问题和射击技能都提出了要求，没有提及网上注册。
故选C。
6.
主旨大意题。
根据第三段“However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-yearassault（攻击）weaponsbanin2004.”可知，然而，美国公众似乎比以往任何时候都对武器及其所传递的力量更感兴趣，尽管枪支管制组织担心暴力事件的增加。
自2004年为期10年的攻击性武器禁令结束以来，美国大多数州都在稳步扩大枪支权利。
由此可知，第三段主要讲了美国持枪现状。
故选B项。
7.
细节理解题。
根据第四段的“Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.由于该法律没有规定对那些拒绝向警察出示驾照的人进行任何惩罚，批评人士担心，警察可能会发现很难处理潜在的致命情况。
”可知，批评者认为新的德克萨斯州法律可能会导致预防犯罪的困难。
故选D。
8.
推理判断题。
根据最后一段内容“orsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.”可以肯定的是，新年对德州的枪支拥有者来说将是令人兴奋的一天。
目前尚不清楚德州其他地区将如何回应。
”作者对待新法律是小心，谨慎的。
故选B。
3
Mytwosonsareallgrownupnow.Yettheybothstillhavethemindsofchildren.Autismhaslimitedtheirintellectualgrowthovertheyears,andtheystillneedtobelookedafter24hoursaday,7daysaweek.WhenIwasaboy,thetermusedforpeoplelikemysonswasMentallyRetarded.BythetimeIwasanadult,thetermhadswitchedtoMentallyHandicapped.Later,thiswaschangedagaintoMentallyChallenged.However,noneofthesetermstrulydefinedthem.Theirhumanityismuchricherthanthesepersonalitylabels.
Thesedays,thenewesttermispeoplewithSpecialNeeds.MysonsdohaveSpecialNeedsbuttheyalsohaveSpecialGifts.Myoldestboymayonlybeabletotalkaboutcertainthings.Autismhaslimitedhislearningandinterests.Butwhenhegreetspeoplebyname.HegivesoutloveandhugsfarmorefreelythanIdo.Myyoungestboydoesn'tspeakmuchatall,heislostinhisownworldmostofthetime.ButhealsohasanabilityforlaughterandjoythatisfarbeyondanythingIpossess.Oftenafterhefinishescryinghishappinesswillimmediatelyreturn.Intruth,mytwoSpecialNeedssonshavetaughtmemoreabouthowtoliveandhowtolovethanIcouldhaveeverlearnedonmyown.
ThefactisallofusinthislifehaveSpecialNeeds.AllofusalsohaveSpecialGifts.ItisuptoustoshareourGifts.Itisuptoustomeeteachother'sNeeds.Itisuptoustotreateachotherwithkindnessandlove.Remember,weareallonefamilyhere.WeareallChildrenofthesamemothernature.
9.Whichtermdoestheauthoragreewithmosttodefinehissons?
A.Autism.B.PeoplewithSpecialNeeds.
C.MentallyRetardedD.MentallyHandicapped.
10.WhichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtoParagraph2?
A.Thewriter'soldestsontaughthimhowtolive.
B.Thewriter'soldestsontaughthimhowtolove.
C.Thewriter'syoungestsontaughthimhowtolove
D.Thewritertaughthistwosonshowtoliveandlove.
11.Whatwritingtechniquedoestheauthoruseinthelastparagraph?
A.Comparing.B.Listingfacts.
C.Givingexamples.D.Expressinghisminddirectly.
【答案】
9.B
10.B
11.D
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。
作者的两个儿子患有自闭症，虽然有很多术语曾描述过这样的人，但是作者最喜欢用“有特殊需要的人”来定义他们。
作者认为患有孤独症的人不仅有特殊的需要，也有特殊的天赋，作者从两个孩子身上也学会了如何生活和如何去爱，作者认为我们都应该善待彼此。
9.
细节理解题。
根据第二段中“Thesedays,thenewesttermispeoplewithSpecialNeeds.MysonsdohaveSpecialNeedsbuttheyalsohaveSpecialGifts.（现在，最新的术语说他们是‘有特殊需求的人’。
我的儿子们确实有特殊的需要，但他们也有特殊的天赋）”以及“Intruth,mytwoSpecialNeedssonshavetaughtmemoreabouthowtoliveandhowtolovethanIcouldhaveeverlearnedonmy
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