英语专业八级考试真题.docx
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英语专业八级考试真题
PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION
[45MIN]
SECTIONAMULTIPLE-CHOICEQUESTIONS
Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbyfourteenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.
PASSAGEONE
(1)Therewasmusicfrommyneighbor’shousethroughthesummernights.Inhisbluegardensmenandgirlscameandwentlikemothsamongthewhisperingsandthechampagneandthestars.AthightideintheafternoonIwatchedhisguestsdivingfromthetowerofhisraftortakingthesunonthehotsandofhisbeachwhilehistwomotor-boatsslitthewatersoftheSound,drawingaquaplanes(滑水板)overcataractsoffoam.OnweekendsMr.Gatsby’sRolls-Roycebecameanomnibus,bearingpartiestoandfromthecitybetweennineinthemorningandlongpastmidnight,whilehisstationwagonscamperedlikeabriskyellowbugtomeetalltrains.AndonMondayseightservants,includinganextragardener,toiledalldaywithscrubbing-brushesandhammerandgarden-shears,repairingtheravagesofthenightbefore.
(2)EveryFridayfivecratesoforangesandlemonsarrivedfromafruitererinNewYork–everyMondaythesesameorangesandlemonslefthisbackdoorinapyramidofpulplesshalves.Therewasamachineinthekitchenwhichcouldextractthejuiceoftwohundredorangesinhalfanhour,ifalittlebuttonwaspressedtwohundredtimesbyabutler’sthumb.
(3)AtleastonceafortnightacorpsofcatererscamedownwithseveralhundredfeetofcanvasandenoughcoloredlightstomakeaChristmastreeofGatsby’senormousgarden.Onbuffettables,garnishedwithglisteninghors-d’oeuvre(冷盘),spicedbakedhamscrowdedagainstsaladsofharlequindesignsandpastrypigsandturkeysbewitchedtoadarkgold.Inthemainhallabarwitharealbrassrailwassetup,andstockedwithginsandliquorsandwithcordials(加香甜酒)solongforgottenthatmostofhisfemaleguestsweretooyoungtoknowonefromanother.
(4)Byseveno’clocktheorchestrahasarrived–nothinfive-pieceaffairbutawholepitfulofoboesandtrombonesandsaxophonesandviolsandcornetsandpiccolosandlowandhighdrums.Thelastswimmershavecomeinfromthebeachnowandaredressingupstairs;thecarsfromNewYorkareparkedfivedeepinthedrive,andalreadythehallsandsalonsandverandasaregaudywithprimarycolorsandhairshorninstrangenewways,andshawlsbeyondthedreamsofCastile.Thebarisinfullswing,andfloatingroundsofcocktailspermeatethegardenoutsideuntiltheairisalivewithchatterandlaughterandcasualinnuendoandintroductionsforgottenonthespotandenthusiasticmeetingsbetweenwomenwhoneverkneweachother’snames.
(5)Thelightsgrowbrighterastheearthlurchesawayfromthesunandnowtheorchestraisplayingyellowcocktailmusicandtheoperaofvoicespitchesakeyhigher.Laughteriseasier,minutebyminute,spilledwithprodigality,tippedoutatacheerfulword.
(6)Thegroupschangemoreswiftly,swellwithnewarrivals,dissolveandforminthesamebreath–alreadytherearewanderers,confidentgirlswhoweavehereandthereamongthestouterandmorestable,becomeforasharp,joyousmomentthecenterofagroupandthenexcitedwithtriumphglideonthroughthesea-changeoffacesandvoicesandcolorundertheconstantlychanginglight.
(7)Suddenlyoneofthesegypsiesintremblingopal,seizesacocktailoutoftheair,dumpsitdownforcourageandmovingherhandslikeFriscodancesoutaloneonthecanvasplatform.Amomentaryhush;theorchestraleadervarieshisrhythmobliginglyforherandthereisaburstofchatterastheerroneousnewsgoesaroundthatsheisGildaGray’sunderstudyfromtheFolies.Thepartyhasbegun.
(8)IbelievethatonthefirstnightIwenttoGatsby’shouseIwasoneofthefewguestswhohadactuallybeeninvited.Peoplewerenotinvited–theywentthere.TheygotintoautomobileswhichborethemouttoLongIslandandsomehowtheyendedupatGatsby’sdoor.OncetheretheywereintroducedbysomebodywhoknewGatsby,andafterthattheyconductedthemselvesaccordingtotherulesofbehaviorassociatedwithamusementparks.SometimestheycameandwentwithouthavingmetGatsbyatall,cameforthepartywithasimplicityofheartthatwasitsownticketofadmission.
(9)Ihadbeenactuallyinvited.AchauffeurinauniformcrossedmylawnearlythatSaturdaymorningwithasurprisinglyformalnotefromhisemployer–thehonorwouldbeentirelyGatsby’s,itsaid,ifIwouldattendhis“littleparty”thatnight.Hehadseenmeseveraltimesandhadintendedtocallonmelongbeforebutapeculiarcombinationofcircumstanceshadpreventedit–signedJayGatsbyinamajestichand.
(10)DressedupinwhiteflannelsIwentovertohislawnalittleaftersevenandwanderedaroundratherill-at-easeamongswirlsandeddiesofpeopleIdidn’tknow–thoughhereandtherewasafaceIhadnoticedonthecommutingtrain.IwasimmediatelystruckbythenumberofyoungEnglishmendottedabout;allwelldressed,alllookingalittlehungryandalltalkinginlowearnestvoicestosolidandprosperousAmericans.Iwassurethattheyweresellingsomething:
bondsorinsuranceorautomobiles.Theywere,atleast,agonizinglyawareoftheeasymoneyinthevicinityandconvincedthatitwastheirsforafewwordsintherightkey.
(11)AssoonasIarrivedImadeanattempttofindmyhostbutthetwoorthreepeopleofwhomIaskedhiswhereaboutsstaredatmeinsuchanamazedwayanddeniedsovehementlyanyknowledgeofhismovementsthatIslunkoffinthedirectionofthecocktailtable–theonlyplaceinthegardenwhereasinglemancouldlingerwithoutlookingpurposelessandalone.
1.ItcanbeinferredformPara.1thatMr.Gatsby______throughthesummer.
A.entertainedguestsfromeverywhereeveryweekend
B.invitedhisgueststorideinhisRolls-Royceatweekends
C.likedtoshowoffbylettingguestsrideinhisvehicles
D.indulgedhimselfinpartieswithpeoplefromeverywhere
2.InPara.4,theword“permeate”probablymeans______.
A.perish
B.push
C.penetrate
D.perpetrate
3.ItcanbeinferredformPara.8that______.
A.guestsneedtoknowGatsbyinordertoattendhisparties
B.peoplesomehowendedupinGatsby’shouseasguests
C.Gatsbyusuallyheldgardenpartiesforinvitedguests
D.guestsbehavedthemselvesinaratherformalmanner
4.AccordingtoPara.10,theauthorfelt______atGatsby’sparty.
A.dizzy
B.dreadful
C.furious
D.awkward
5.WhatcanbeconcludedfromPara.11aboutGatsby?
A.Hewasnotexpectedtobepresentattheparties.
B.Hewasbusyreceivingandentertainingguests.
C.Hewasusuallyoutofthehouseattheweekend.
D.Hewasunwillingtomeetsomeoftheguests.
PASSAGETWO
(1)TheTerm“CYBERSPACE”wascoinedbyWilliamGibson,ascience-fictionwriter.Hefirstuseditinashortstoryin1982,andexpandedonitacoupleofyearslaterinanovel,“Neuromancer”,whosemaincharacter,HenryDorsettCase,isatroubledcomputerhackeranddrugaddict.InthebookMrGibsondescribescyberspaceas“aconsensualhallucinationexperienceddailybybillionsoflegitimateoperators”and“agraphicrepresentationofdataabstractedfromthebanksofeverycomputerinthehumansystem.”
(2)Hisliterarycreationturnedouttoberemarkablyprescient(有先见之明的).Cyberspacehasbecomeshorthandforthecomputingdevices,networks,fibre-opticcables,wirelesslinksandotherinfrastructurethatbringtheinternettobillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.Themyriadconnectionsforgedbythesetechnologieshavebroughttremendousbenefitstoeveryonewhousesthewebtotapintohumanity’scollectivestoreofknowledgeeveryday.
(3)Butthereisadarkersidetothisextraordinaryinvention.Databreachesarebecomingeverbiggerandmorecommon.Lastyearover800mrecordswerelost,mainlythroughsuchattacks.AmongthemostprominentrecentvictimshasbeenTarget,whosechiefexecutive,GreggSteinhafel,stooddownfromhisjobinMay,afewmonthsafterthegiantAmericanretailerrevealedthatonlineintrudershadstolenmillionsofdigitalrecordsaboutitscustomers,includingcredit-anddebit-carddetails.Otherwell-knownfirmssuchasAdobe,atechcompany,andeBay,anonlinemarketplace,havealsobeenhit.
(4)Thepotentialdamage,though,extendswellbeyondsuchcommercialincursions.WiderconcernshavebeenraisedbytherevelationsaboutthemasssurveillancecarriedoutbyWesternintelligenceagenciesmadebyEdwardSnowden,acontractortoAmerica’sNationalSecurityAgency(NSA),aswellasbythegrowingnumbersofcyber-warriorsbeingrecruitedbycountriesthatseecyberspaceasanewdomainofwarfare.America’spresident,BarackObama,saidinaWhiteHousepressreleaseearlierthisyearthatcyber-threats“poseoneofthegravestnational-securitydangers”thecountryisfacing.
(5)Securingcyberspaceishardbecausethearchitectureoftheinternetwasdesignedtopromoteconnectivity,notsecurity.ItsfoundersfocusedongettingittoworkanddidnotworrymuchaboutthreatsbecausethenetworkwasaffiliatedwithAmerica’smilitary.Ashackersturnedup,layersofsecurity,fromantivirusprogramstofirewalls,wereaddedtotrytokeepthematbay.Gartner,aresearchfirm,reckonsthatlastyearorganizationsaroundtheglobespent$67billiononinformationsecurity.
(6)Onthewhole,thesedefenseshaveworkedreasonablywell.Forallthetalkabouttheriskofa“cyber9/11”,theinternethasprovedremarkablyresilient.Hundredsofmillionsofpeopleturnontheircomputerseverydayandbankonline,shopatvirtualstores,swapgossipandpho