威海市高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案.docx

威海市高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案.docx

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威海市高考英语阅读理解训练经典题目附答案

威海市高考英语阅读理解训练经典题目（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Itseemseverymajorcityandtownaroundtheworldhostsanannualmarathon,withthousandsofathletesrunningagruelling42.1kilometres.Whilemanyrunners'motivationistobeattheirpersonalbestandcrossthefinishinglinewithoutcollapsing,they'realsodoingitforagoodcause—togeneratefundsforcharity.Butlikeothermajorevents,themarathonalsogeneratesamassivecarbonfootprint.Thousandstravel—somebyplane—tothelocation,andwastefromfoodpackagingandgoodybagsgetsleftbehindbyspectatorsandrunners.Thisisbecomingabigissueforcities—howtohostaworthwhileevent,encouragingpeopletoexerciseandhelpcharities,whileprotectingtheenvironment?

Severalcitieshavedevelopedformalplanstoreducetheirenvironmentalimpactandpromotesustainable（可持续的）ideas.OneeventinWales,forexample,introducedrecyclingforoldrunningkit.

   It'ssomethingthatthisyear'sLondonMarathontriedtotacklebyreducingthenumberofdrinkstationsontherunningroute,givingoutwaterinpapercupsandofferingsomedrinksineatableseaweedcapsules.Theyalsotriallednewbottlebeltsmadefromrecycledplasticso700runnerscouldcarrywaterbottleswiththemduringtheirrun.LondonMarathoneventdirectorHughBrasnertoldtheBBC:

"Therearealotofinitiatives（倡议）weareusingthisyearthatwethinkwillleadtosomehugebehaviouralchangesinthefuture."

   Meanwhile,somepeoplestillthinkrunningamarathoncouldbeourbestfootforwardinhelpingtheplanet.DrAndreaCollinsfromCardiffUniversitytoldtheBBC:

"Trainingforamarathonmakesyoumoresustainableinday-to-dayactivities.Istartedwalkingorrunningtoworkeverydayandshunningpublictransportaltogether.Beingenvironmentallyfriendlywhiletrainingstickswithyouandbecomesawayoflife."

（1）Whydomanypeopleenterforamarathon?

A. Toachievetheirownambitions.

B. Togenerateamassivecarbonfootprint.

C. Toimprovethemselvesbothphysicallyandmentally.

D. Tochallengetheirpersonallimitationsandraisemoneyforcharities.

（2）WhatdidHughBrasnerthinkofthisyear'sLondonMarathon?

A. ItmaybringalargeprofittoLondon.

B. Itsavedalotofwaterresourcesandpower.

C. Itmayimprovepeople'sbehaviourinthefuture.

D. ItmaymakeLondonersmorefriendlywhenrunningamarathon.

（3）Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"shunning"inthelastparagraph?

A. Damaging.                       

B. Avoiding.                       

C. Choosing.                       

D. Changing.

（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Runningamarathoncanmakemoremoney.

B.Runningamarathoncandogreatdamagetotheearth.

C.Runningamarathoncanchangepeople'slifecompletely.

D.Runningamarathoncancontributetoprotectingtheearth.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，现如今，许多城市和乡镇都举办了马拉松比赛，马拉松旨在为一些公益活动募集资金，但马拉松的举办也为城市带来了环境问题。

有一些城市已经采取了一些措施，来保证马拉松比赛的可持续性发展，如减少马拉松赛程中的供水站，以水囊的形式代替等等。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的"manyrunners'motivationistobeattheirpersonalbestandcrossthefinishinglinewithoutcollapsing,they'realsodoingitforagoodcause—togeneratefundsforcharity"许多参赛的动机是打破他们的个人最好记录，同时还为了一个非常好的目的，就是为了慈善机构募款。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的"Therearealotofinitiatives（倡议）weareusingthisyearthatwethinkwillleadtosomehugebehaviouralchangesinthefuture.“HughBrasner认为，在这几年马拉松比赛中使用的一些环保倡议会引起将来一些行为上的巨大改变，故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的"Trainingforamarathonmakesyoumoresustainableinday-to-dayactivities.Istartedwalkingorrunningtoworkeveryday"为马拉松做出的训练可以使人能够更加适应每天的日常活动，DrAndreaCollins也开始每天走路或跑步上下班，这样的通勤方式可以避免交通拥堵，因此可以用avoid代替shun，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"runningamarathoncouldbeourbestfootforwardinhelpingtheplanet"跑马拉松是在用个人的力量帮助这个星球，以及"Beingenvironmentallyfriendlywhiletrainingstickswithyouandbecomesawayoflife."这样做既能运动同时对环境也有帮助，成为新兴的生活方式，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．（2019•江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   Inthe1960s,whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat,oddly,hadnottroubledanyonebefore:

hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.

   Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,thinkoftheclassiccone（圆锥体）shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma（岩浆）pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlesknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype,butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.

   JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.

（1）WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?

A. Itscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.          

B. Itsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.

C. Themysterioushistoryofthepark.                

D. Theexactlocationofthevolcano.

（2）Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout?

A. Theshapesofvolcanoes.                                 B. Theimpactsofvolcanoes.

C. Theactivitiesofvolcanoes.                              D. Theheightsofvolcanoes.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?

A. Hot-airballoon.              B. Digitalcamera.              C. Bigphotograph.              D. Bird'sview.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，二十世纪六十年代BobChristiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.”可知，他困惑的是到处看不到火山。

故选D。

（2）段落大意题。

本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据第三段中的“JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.”可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。

一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。

故可知，此处意为将照片放大。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   SouthAfricaisthewater-lovers'paradise.Whetheryouwanttobebythesea,ontheseaorevenunderit,therearecountlesswaystogetyouroceanexperience.AlmostallofthemarelocatedonSouthAfrica'seastcoast,wheretheIndianOceankeepswaterwarm.

   Thompson'sBay,Ballito

   Drive40minutesnorthofDurbantoreachtheuniquecoastaltownofBallito.Popularwithholidaymakers,Ballitohasachoiceofprettybeaches----andthebestforswimmingis

   Thompson'sBay.Thissceniccove（小海湾）isshelteredfromthewindandcharacterizedbyitscalmwaters,interestingrockyoutcropsandafascinatinggeologicalhole-in-the-wall.There'sawalledtidalpoolforthosewhoarenervoustoswimintheopenocean,makingthisspotaparticularlygoodchoiceforfamilies.

   UmhlangaRocks,Durban

   Locateda20-minutedrivefromcentralDurban,theresorttownofUmhlangaisanupmarketgetawayforvacationingSouthAfricansandvisitorsintheknow.ThemainUmhlangaRocksbeachboastssafeswimmingwatersandendlessgoldensands,againprotectedbylifeguardsandsharknets.Apavedwalkwayprovidesdirectaccesstothetown'sbeachfrontshops,restaurantsandbars.

   GonubieBeach,EastLondon

   ThecoastaltownofGonubieisseenbymanyasasuburbofEastLondon,oneofthelargestcitiesoftheEasternCape.Itspicture-perfectbeachoffersgreatswimmingareasintheopensea.TheGonubieRiverreachestheseaatthispoint,too,andoffersanalternativebathingspotondayswhenthesurfisbiggerthanusual.Allalongtheriver'sgreenbanks,you'llfindaseriesofshadedspotsperfectforsummerpicnicsandbarbecues.

（1）IfyouareplanningafamilytriptoSouthAfrica,whichbeachsuitsyoubest?

A.Thompson'sBay,Ballito.

B.UmhlangaRocks,Durban.

C.GonubieBeach.EastLondon

D.Kelly'sBeach,PortAlfred.

（2）What'sspecialaboutUmhlangaRocksinDurban?

A.Itisfreeforchildren.

B.Itstargetcrowdistherich.

C.Ithasawalledtidalpool.

D.Ithaspalebrownsand.

（3）WhenmeetingviolentwavesonGonubieBeach,youcan.

A.goswimmingintheopensea

B.gobathingatanalternativespot

C.gosurfingintheopensea

D.gocampingbytheriverside.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）B