仁爱版初中英语.docx
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仁爱版初中英语
2015-2016年仁爱版初中英语 八年级英语
上册期中期末知识点汇总复习
Unit1 topic1
P1
1 . play basketball 打篮球
2 . cheer sb on 为某人加油
3.have a basketball game 举行一场篮球比赛
4. summer holiday=summer vacation暑假
5.the school rowing team学校划船队
6.①see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事
②see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事
7.Do you row much?
=Do you often row?
你经常划船吗？
8.quite a lot=quite a bit.许多；大量
9.一般将来时态：
be going to do与will区别 ① be going to 用于主观判断，及说话人主观上计划或安排将要去做的事情。
② will则多用于客观的情况，即客观上将要发生的事情。
例：
I’m not going to ask her. 我不打算去问她。
It will be rainy tomorrow.明天会下雨。
P3
1. play for为……效力
2. grow up长大成人；成长
3. 在复合句中，当主句为将来时或表将来意义时,时间状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来
例：
I’ll write to her when I have time.
Turn off the lights before you leave.
P5
1.go cycling去骑自行车
2.go mountain climbing去爬山
3.be good at擅长于某事 =do well in
4.next weekend下周末
5.the long jump跳远
6.the high jump跳高
7.take part in参加
8.①spend …… （in） doing sth花费（时间、金钱）做某事
②spend ……on sth在某事/某物上花费时间或金钱
例：
①He spends half an hour （in） playing computer games every day.
②My father spent fifty yuan on this book.
9.a school sports meet学校运动会
10.①be good for对……有益
②be bad for对……有害
11.①all over the world全世界
②around the world全世界
③throughout the world全世界
12.make him strong使他身体强壮
make+sb./sth.+adj.使某人/某物怎么样
13.keep her heart and lungs healthy 保持她心肺健康
keep+sb./sth.+adj. 使某人/某物一直处于某种状态
14.①a way to do sth.“……的方法”
②a way of doing sth. “……的方法”
例：
a good way to keep fit保持健康的一种好方法
15.keep healthy保持健康 keep fit 保持健康
16.There be 句型的一般将来时结构:
①There will be……
②There is/are going to be……
There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.
17.the day after tomorrow后天
P7
1.①play with和……一起玩
②play against与……进行（对抗性质的）比赛
2.①arrive in+大地点“到达……” arrive at+小地点“到达……”
②get to+地点“到达……”
③reach+地点“到达……”
3. It’s too bad that+句子 =It’s a pity that+句子 “很遗憾……”
例：
It’s too bad that I can’t help you. =It’s a pity that I can’t help you.
4. 现在进行时表将来的用法:
英语中表示位置转移的词，如go, come, leave, arrive, fly可用现在进行时表将来
They are flying to New York tomorrow.
I’m coming to see you this afternoon.
5. leave for 动身去某地；启程去某地
leave from离开某地
Unit1 topic2
P9
1. have a soccer game举行一场足球比赛
2. fall ill生病；患病（强调患病的过程） be ill生病了（强调患病的状态）
3. be glad to do sth.乐意做某事
4. ①Do/Would you mind doing sth.?
你介意做某事吗？
②Would you mind not doing sth.?
你介意不要做某事吗？
例：
①Do/Would you mind giving me a hand?
肯定回答：
Not at all./Of course not./Certainly not.
否定回答：
I’m sorry, I’m afraid I can’t.
②Would you mind not putting your bike here?
Sorry./I’m sorry about that.
5. pass sb. sth.=pass sth.to sb.把某物传给某人
kick sb.sth.=kick sth.to sb.把某物踢给某人
give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.把某物给某人
show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.给某人看某物
6.have a try试一试
7.somewhere else别的地方
8.give sb. a hand 帮某人一个忙
P11
1. shout at sb.对某人大声说
2. do one’s best to do sth.尽力干某事
=try one’s best to do sth.
3. be angry with sb.生某人的气
4. I’m sorry for what I said.我为我说过的话感到抱歉。
It’s nothing.没关系
be sorry for/about sth.为某事感到抱歉
5. ①be sure （that）+句子 “相信……；确信……”
②be sure to do sth.一定会做某事，肯定会做某事
例：
①I’m sure that we can do better next time.
我确信下次我们能做得更好。
②We are sure to get a warm welcome. 我们一定会受到热烈的欢迎。
6.with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助下
7.have a lot of fun玩得很开心
8.talk about谈论……
9.say sorry to sb.向某人道歉
10.throw sb. sth.=throw sth. to sb.把某物仍给某人
bring sb.sth.=bring sth. to sb.把某物带给某人；给某人带来某物
make sth.for sb.=make sb.sth.为某人做某物
例：
I made a big cake for my grandfather. =I made my grandfather a big cake.
P13
1. ①invent （动词）发明
②inventor（名词）发明家
③invention（名词）发明；发明物
The inventor invented an invention.
2. one of +形容词的最高级+可数名词复数 翻译为“……之一”。
该结构在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例：
One of my favorite singers is Song Zuying.
3. ①so that（引导目的状语从句）为了，以便
②so……that如此……以致于…… 该结构用法如下：
“so+adj./adv.+that+句子”，本结构中that 引导的是结果状语从句。
例：
They get up early so that they can catch the early bus.
She is so young that she can’t go to school.
4. in bad weather在恶劣天气中
5. come into being成立，产生，形成
6. at first起初；起先
7. the National Basketball Association 美国全国篮球协会=the NBA
8. come from来自=be from 9. both……and……“两个都……；既……，又……”该结构在句子中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例：
Both my mother and my father are doctors.
9. a team sport团队运动
10. ①stop sb./sth.（from） doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事（from可省略）
②prevent sb./sth.（from） doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事（from可省略）
③keep sb./sth.from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事（from不可省略）
④keep sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人/某物一直做某事
例：
His mother often stops him from playing computer games. 他的妈妈常常阻止他玩电脑游戏。
The bad weather may stop us from playing basketball.
11. 重点句型①It is + adj. +for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……
（此句型用描述事物的性质特征的形容词：
easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary, possible等）
It is necessary for us to sleep well.
重点句型②It is + adj. +of sb. to do sth.（此句型用描述人的性格、特征、品质的形容词：
good, kind, nice, kind, careless, right, clever , foolish等） It is kind of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太善良了。
12. enjoy doing喜欢做某事 mind doing介意做某事 practice doing练习做某事
P15
1. 以O结尾的名词的复数形式：
“两人两物”加-es,除“两人两物”外的其他以o结尾的名词加-s
两人两物：
hero---→heroes英雄 Negro---→Negroes黑人 tomato---→tomatoes西红柿 potato---→potatoes马铃薯
2. such as+短语词组 “比如” for example+句子 “例如”
3.just for fun只为开心 例：
He did that just for fun. 他那样做只为开心。
4.one of the most popular sports 最流行的运动之一
5. turn ……into把……变成……
Can you turn the letter into French?
6..Football is a fast game played in winter and early spring. 足球是在冬季和早春时（被人们）玩的一种快速游戏。
句中played in winter and early spring作game的后置定语。
过去分词作后置定语，含有被动的含义。
7.by+doing sth.（表示方式、方法、手段）通过……的方式
Unit1 topic3
P17
1. the school sports meet学校运动会
2. take part in+活动 “参加……” =join in+活动 =be in+活动
例：
I’ll be in the relay race.
3. the boys’ 800-meter race男子800米赛跑
4. excited“兴奋的”，指人对……感到兴奋 exciting“令人兴奋的，使人激动的”，指人、事物本身让人兴奋激动
用法：
一般情况下，是人作主语，用V.-ed；物作主语用V.-ing
类似形容词：
interested和interesting be excited about对……感到兴奋；为……感到激动
The fans are very excited about the exciting soccer game.
5. have fun玩得开心，过得愉快
have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心；做某事有乐趣
6. prepare for为……作准备
The farmers are preparing for the next year.
7. It’s one’s first time to do sth. 某人第一次做某事
It’s her first time to visit this museum.
8. relay race接力赛
9. make friends with sb.与某人交朋友
10. running shoes跑步鞋
P19
1. sports shoes运动鞋
2. be fun有趣的
3. Let’s make it half past six. 就定在六点半吧。
4. shall与I和we连用，用于疑问句，表
示建议或征求意见
Shall I take my camera?
我带相机好吗？
Good idea！
好主意！
5. go to the movies去看电影
6. go for a picnic去野炊
7. catch up with追上；赶上
8. neck and neck并驾齐驱
9. run into（使）碰撞
P21
1.a symbol of“……的象征”
2.stand for代表……
3.at least至少
4.一般现在时的被动语态结构：
am/is/are+动词的过去分词
They are both held every four years. 他们都是每四年被举办一次。
5.every four years每四年
6.in turn轮流
7.have a chance to do sth.有机会做某事
8.become more and more popular 变得越来越受欢迎
9.for the first time首次，第一次
例：
I went to Beijing by plane for the first time last summer holiday.
10.gold medals金牌
11.the People’s republic of China=the PRC中华人民共和国
P23
1.hold a sports meet举办运动会 have a sports meet举办运动会 hold/have a class meet开班会
2.win first place赢得第一名（表示考试或比赛获得名次时，序数词前不用加the）
3.do badly in在某方面做得差 do well in在某方面做得好；擅长=be good at
4.the finish line终点线
5.some day（将来）有一天，某一天
6.be able to和can的两点区别
（1） be able to 强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。
如：
She can sing the song in English. 她能用英语唱这首歌。
He will be able to sing this song in English in a few hours, too. 几小时之后，他也能用英语唱这首歌。
（2） be able to 可以有各种时态；而can只有一般现在和一般过去两种时态。
如：
I could help you last night, but you didn’t come. 昨天晚上我能帮你，而你又没来。
Can you see it there?
你能看见它在那儿吗？
He is / was able to help you. He will be able to help you. 他能帮你的忙
7. do exercise锻炼；做运动
P25
1.teach sb.sth.=teach sth.to sb.教某人某事 teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事
2.be regarded as被认为是；被看成是
3.women table tennis players 女乒乓球运动员
one of the world’s best women table tennis players世界上最优秀的女乒乓球运动员之一
Unit2 topic1
P27
1. look well看起来很好
2. What’s wrong with you?
=What’s the matter with you？
=What’s the trouble with you?
=What’s up with you?
你怎么啦?
3. ①have a toothache牙痛
②have a headache头痛
③have a fever发烧
④have a backache背痛
⑤have sore eyes眼痛
⑥have a cough咳嗽
⑦have a cold患感冒
⑧have the flu患了流感
⑨have a sore throat嗓子痛；喉咙痛
4. get well康复
5. at night在夜里
6. have a good sleep好好睡一觉
7. boiled water开水 boiling water沸水
8.stay in bed卧床休息
P29
1. feel terrible感觉很难受
2. I’m sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过
3. How long have you been like this?
你像这样多久了?
4. have the flu患了流感
5. take……to
6. have a rest=take a rest休息一下
7. How are you feeling?
你现在感觉怎么样?
=How do you feel?
8. have a terrible cold患重感冒 =have a bad cold
9. day and night日日夜夜
The workers often work day and night. 工人们经常日夜不停地工作
10.①feel like doing sth.想要做某事
②want to do sth. 想要做某事
③would like to do sth. 想要做某事
④want sb.to do sth想要某人做某事
⑤would like sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事
11.①too many+可数名词复数 “太多的”
②too much+不可数名词 “太多的”
③much too+形容词/副词 “太……” 例：
too many apples; too much milk. This question is much too difficult. 12.brush one’s teeth刷牙
P31
1. something new一些新的事物
2. see a doctor看医生
3. look after照顾 =take care of =care for
4. have/take some pills服药 have/take some medicine服药
5. help sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 help sb.do sth.帮助某人做某事 help sb.with sth. 帮助某人做某事
6. have an accident发生事故
7. the note for leave请假条
8. ask for one week’s leave请一周的假
=ask for one-week leave
P33
1. How are you feeling today?
你今天感觉怎么样?
Not too bad.不是很糟糕
2. nothing serious没什么大碍
3. be worried about为……担心 ＝worry about
4.a piece of advice一条建议 Some suggestions一些建议
注：
advice是不可数名词；suggestions是可数名词。
5. follow one’s advice接受某人的建议
=take one’s advice
6. ask sb.to do sth.叫某人做某事
ask sb.not to do sth.叫某人不要做某事
Unit2 topic2
P35
1. go to bed去睡觉
2. stay up熬夜
3. be bad for对……有害
4. have a good rest好好休息一下
5. do morning exercises做早操
6. throw sth.around乱扔……
7. put……into把……放入……里
8. keep fingernails long留长指甲
9. right after在……之后马上……
play sports right after meals饭后立即运动
P37
1. give up doing sth.放弃做某事
2. show sth.to sb.给某人看某物
3. It will keep you active during
升级会员 