外研版英语必修四课文原文Word格式.doc

外研版英语必修四课文原文Word格式.doc

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GarbageshipsTogetridofgarbageproblems,thecitywillloadhugespaceshipswithwastematerialsandsendthemtowardsthesun,preventinglandfillandenvironmentalproblems.

BatmanNetsPolicewillarrestcriminalsbyfiringnetsinsteadofguns.

ForgetthemallsInthefutureallshoppingwillbedoneonline,andcatalogueswillhavevoicecommandstoplaceorders.

TelephonesforlifeEveryonewillbegivenatelephonenumberatbirththatwillneverchangenomatterwheretheylive.

Recreationallformsofrecreation,suchascinemas,bowling,softball,concertsandothers,willbeprovidedfreeofchargebythecity.

CarsAllcarswillbepoweredbyelectricity,solarenergyorwind,anditwillbepossibletochangethecolourofcarsattheflickofaswitch.

TelesurgeryDistancesurgerywillbecomecommonasdoctorscarryoutoperationsfromthousandsofmilesaway,witheachcityhavingitsowntelesurgeryoutpatientclinic.

HolidaysathomeSeniorcitizensandpeoplewithdisabilitieswillbeabletogoanywhereintheworldusinghigh-techcamerasattachedtotheirhead.

SpacetravelTravellinginspacebyordinarycitizenswillbecommon.Eachcitywillhaveitsownspaceport.

GettingAroundinBeijing

Taxis

Taxisareonthestreets24hoursaday.Simplyraiseyourhand,andataxiappearsinnotime.Theyareusuallyred,andtheydisplaythepriceperkilometeronthewindow.Youshouldcheckthecabhasabusinesspermit,andmakesureyouaskforareceipt.

Busesandtrolleybuses

PublictransportprovidesacheapwaytogetaroundinBeijing.Thereare20000busesandtrolleybusesinBeijing,buttheycangetverycrowded.It’sagoodideatoavoidpublictransportduringtherushhour.Faresarecheap,staringat1yuan.Air-conditionedbusescostmore.

Busesnumbered1to100arelimitedtotravelwithinthecitycentre.Highernumbershavedestinationsinthesuburbs.Touristsshouldn’tmissthe103buswhichoffersoneofthemostimpressiveroutes,pasttheForbiddenCityandtheWhitePagodainBeihaiPark.Ifyougetonadouble-deckerbus,makesureyousitupstairs.You’llhaveagoodviewoftherapidlychangingcity.

Mostbusesrunfromabout5:

00amtomidnight.However,thereisalsoanightbusservice,providedbybuseswithanumberinthe200s.

Minibuses

Minibuseswithseatsfor12passengersofferanalternativetoexpensivetaxisandcrowdedpublictransportinsomeareas.Theyrunregularservicesandfollowthesameroutesaslargepublicbuses.Andinaminibusyoualwaysgetaseateveninrushhours.

Underground

TherearefourundergroundlinesinBeijing,andseverallinesareunderconstruction.Trainsarefastandconvenient,butrushhourscanbeterrible.Aone-waytripcosts3yuan.Stationnamesaremarkedinpinyin.Theundergroundisopenfrom5:

00amto11:

00pm.

Pedicabs

Touristslikethesehuman-pedalled“tricycletaxis”,buttheycanbeexpensive.Youshouldtalktothedriver,andmakesureyouknowthepricebeforeyoubeginthejourney,forexample,ifitisperperson,singleorreturn.Tricyclesareworthusingifyouwanttoexplorethenarrowalleys（hutong）ofoldBeijing.

BodyLanguageandNon-verbalCommunication

Ifyousaytheword“communication”,mostpeoplethinkofwordsandsentences.Althoughtheseareveryimportant,wecommunicatewithmorethanjustspokenandwrittenwords.Indeed,bodypositionsarepartofwhatwecall“bodylanguage”.Weseeexamplesofunconsciousbodylanguageveryoften,yetthereisalso“learned”bodylanguage,whichvariesfromculturetoculture.

Weuse“learned”bodylanguagewhenweareintroducedtostrangers.Likeotheranimals,weareonguarduntilweknowitissafetorelax.Soeveryculturehasdevelopedaformalwaytogreetstrangers,toshowthemwearenotaggressive.Traditionally,EuropeansandAmericansshakehands.Theydothiswiththerighthand—thestrongesthandformostpeople.Ifourrighthandisbusygreetingsomeone,itcannotbeholdingaweapon.Sothegestureissaying,“Itrustyou.Look,I’mnotcarryingathreateningweapon.”Ifyoushakehandswithsomeone,youshowyoutrustthem.Weshakehandswhenwemakeadeal.Itmeans,“Weagreeandwetrusteachother.”

GreetingsinAsiancountriesdonotinvolvetouchingtheotherperson,buttheyalwaysinvolvethehands.TraditionallyinChina,whenwegreetsomeone,weputtherighthandovertheleftandbowslightly.Muslimsgivea“salaam”,wheretheytouchtheirheart,mouthandforehead.Hindusjointheirhandsandbowtheirheadsinrespect.Inalloftheseexamples,thehandsarebusywiththegreetingandcannotholdaweapon.

Eventoday,whensomepeoplehaveveryinformalstylesofgreeting,theystillusetheirhandsasagestureoftrust.Americanyouthsoftengreeteachotherwiththeexpression,“Givemefive!

”Onepersonthenholdsuphishand,palmoutwardsandfivefingersspread.Theotherpersonraiseshisfingersspread.Theotherpersonraiseshishandandslapstheother’sopenhandabovetheheadina“highfive”.Nowadays,itisquiteacommongreeting.

Bodylanguageisfascinatingforanyonetostudy.Peoplegiveawaymuchmorebytheirgesturesthanbytheirwords.Lookatyourfriendsandfamilyandseeifyouareamindreader!

TheStudentWhoAskedQuestions

InahungryworldriceisastaplefoodandChinaistheworld’slargestproducer.RiceisalsogrowninmanyotherAsiancountries,andinsomeEuropeancountrieslikeItaly.Intherice-growingworld,theChinesescientist,YuanLongping,isaleadingfigure.

YuanLongpingwasbornandbroughtupinChina.Asaboyhewaseducatedinmanyschoolsandwasgiventhenickname,“thestudentwhoasksquestions”.

Fromanearlyagehewasinterestedinplants.Hestudiedagricultureincollegeandasayoungteacherhebeganexperimentsincropbreeding.Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis—bycrossingdifferentspeciesofriceplant,andthenhecouldproduceanewplantwhichcouldgiveahigheryieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants.

FirstYuanLongpingexperimentedwithdifferenttypesofrice.TheresultsofhisexperimentswerepublishedinChinain1966.thenhebeganhissearchforaspecialtypeofriceplant.Ithadtobemale.Ithadtobesterile.Finally,in1970anaturallysterilemalericeplantwasdiscovered.Thiswasthebreakthrough.ResearcherswerebroughtinfromalloverChinatodevelopthenewsystem.theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.

AsaresultofYuanLongping’sdiscoveriesChinesericeproductionroseby47.5percentinthe1990’s.Therewereotheradvantagestoo.50thousandsquarekilometresofricefieldswereconvertedtogrowingvegetablesandothercountries,suchasPakistanandthePhilippines.

InPakistanriceisthesecondmostimportantcropafterwheatandwillbegrowninmanypartsofthecountry.ThenewhybridricehasbeendevelopedbytheYuanLongpingHightechAgriculturalCompanyofChina.ItsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.

ATripAlongtheThreeGorges

InAugust1996,PeterHessler,ayoungAmericanteacherofEnglish,arrivedinthetownofFulingontheYangtzeRiver.HeandacolleagueweretospendtwoyearsthereteachingEnglishatateachertrainingcollege.Theyweretheonlyforeignersinthetown.ThefirstsemesterfinishedattheendofJanuaryandtheyhadfourweeksofffortheSpringFestival.Theycouldgoanywheretheywished.Theydecidedtotakeaboatdownstream.

WedecidedtobuyticketsfortheJiangyouboat.Ourcolleaguessaid,“Youshouldn’tgoonthoseships.Theyareverycrowded.Theyaremainlyforgoodsandpeopletradingalongtheriver.Theydon’tstopatthetemplesandtherewon’tbeanyotherforeigners.”Thatsoundedfinetome.Wejusthadtoshowourpassportsandtheyletusgetontheboat.

Weleftthedocksonabeautifulafternoon.Thesunwasshiningbrightlyaswesaileddownstreamthroughahillyregion.Menrodeabambooraftsalongtheriver’sedgeandcoalboatswentpast.Asthesunsettingbehindthewhitepagoda.Itwasbeautiful.

Wesleptthroughthefirstgorge,whichiscalledtheQutangGorge.Thegorgenarrowsto350feetastheriverrushesthroughthetwo-mile–highmountains.“Oh,well,”myfriendsaid,“atleastwehavetwomoreleft.”

AtWushanwemadeadetouruptheDaningRivertoseesomeofthesmallergorges.ThenextdaywewentthroughthebiggorgesontheYangtzeRiver,homeofQuYuan,the3rdcenturyBCpoet.TherewassomuchhistoryalongtheYangtzeRiver.Everyrocklookedlikeapersonoranimal,everystreamthatjoinedthegreatrivercarrieditslegends,everyhillwasheavywiththepast.Aswecameoutofthethirdgorge,theXilingGorge,wesailedintotheconstructionsiteofthedam.Allthepassengerscameondec