直接引语和间接引语.docx

直接引语和间接引语.docx

《直接引语和间接引语.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《直接引语和间接引语.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

直接引语和间接引语

间接引语时常改变进态，因为原来讲的话与转述这些话之间有一段时间间隔。

使用间接引语主要是为了简洁、紧凑地把话内容转述给第三者。

一.直接引语

1.一字不改地引述别人的话，叫直接引语。

必须都用引号

‘IneverworkonSundays，’Shesaid.

‘我星期日从不工作，’她说。

二、间接引语

说话人用自已的话转述别人的话，叫间接引再语。

间接引语需要由动词引述。

因此这种动词称为引述动词

如saytellask等

tell后面必须跟表示人称的间接宾语（tellsb….），

而say后面则可跟或不跟to+讲话对象

比较：

Hetellsme/saystomethathe’sverybusy.

他说他很忙

1.当引述动词为现在或将来时态，间接引语的时态不变：

Hesays,‘I’mtired.’

他说：

‘我累了。

’（直接引语）

Hesaysheistired.

他说他累了。

（间接引语）

2.直接引语变间引语，其谓语动词时态变化规则如下：

当引述动词为过去时态，直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语时态则一般应作相应变化，即时态呼应：

一般现在时变成/一般过去时。

现在进行时变成/过去进行时。

现在完成时变成/过去完成时。

①一般现在时，变为一般过去时

Hesaid,‘IneverworkonSundays.’

他说，‘我星期日从来不工作。

’（直接引语为一般现在时）

HesaidheneverworkedonSundays.

他说他星期天从不工作。

（间接引语变为一般过去时）

②现在进行时，变为过去进行时

Shesaid,‘he’swaiting.’

她说;他在等待

Shesaidthathewaswaiting.

她说他在等待。

③现在完成时，变为过去完成时

Jacksaid,‘I’vemovedtoanotherflat.’

杰克说：

‘我搬到了另一套公寓里。

’

Hesaidthatshehadmovedtoanotherflat.

他说他搬到了另一套公寓里。

一般过去时变为/过去完成时。

过去完成时则不变，仍是过去完成时。

一般过去时，变为过去完成时

Hesaid,‘Itookithomewithme.’

他说：

‘我把它带回家了。

’

Hesaidthathehadtakenithomewithhim.

他说他把它带回家了。

一般将来时变为/过去将来时。

将来进行时变为过去将来进行时。

将来完成时变为/过去将来完成时。

①一般将来时，变为过去将来时

‘whereareyougoing?

’heasked.

‘你们要到哪儿去？

’他问。

Heaskeduswhereweweregoing.

他问我们要到哪儿去。

过去进行时，变为过去完成进行时或不变

‘Iwaswaitingforhoursbeforeyouarrived,’hetoldjack.

‘在你来之前我等你好长时间了’他告诉杰克。

Hetoldjackthathehadbeenwaitingforhoursbeforeshearrived.

他告诉杰克在在他来之前他已经等了好长时间了。

直接引语变间接引语专项练习题

（1）

将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：

1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.

Hesaidthat______never______meat.

2.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.

He______methathe__________________wallet.

3.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.

Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.

4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”

Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.

5.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.

He______methathe______mettheday______.

6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.

HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.

7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.

Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.

8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?

”hesaid.

He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.

9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”

He______Jimthathe______sitthere

10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?

”

Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.

11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?

”heasked.

Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.

12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?

”heasked.

Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.

13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.

He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.

14.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.

Shetoldme___________________himthenews.

15.“Areyouintestedinthis?

”hesaid.

He____________Iwasinterestdin______.

【参考答案】

1.he,ate                                        2.told,had,found,his

3.she,had,taken                            4.rise,goes

5.told,had,before                          6.had,there

7.had,before                                 8.asked,if[whether],before

9.told,could                                  10.how,she,had

11.where,I,had,those                   12.if[whether],I,lived

13.told,to,stop                             14.not,to,tell

15.asked,if[whether],that

1．Hesaid:

“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”

2．Shesaid:

“Hewillbebusy.”

3．ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?

”

4．Sheasked,“Isthisbookyoursorhis?

”

5．Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?

”

6．Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Don’twasteyourtime.”

7．Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”

8．Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”

9．Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”

10．Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”

11．Hesaid,“Wearestillstudents.’

12．Hesaidtome,“Iwasbornin1978.

13．Theengineersaid,“Iwasatcollegein1967.”

14．Hesaid,“IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwasaboy.”

15．Shesaid,“IreadthebookwhileIwaswaitingforabus.

16．Mr.Greensaidtothem,“Joetoldmeallabouthisstorywhenheaskedforajob.”

17．Hesaid,“Weinsistedthatshestartimmediately.18．Shesaid,“Hedemandedthatthegirlleaveatonce.”

19．Isaidtohim,“Ihavefinishedit.”

20．Shesaidtous,“I’llcomeheretomorrow.”

21．“Wheredoesyourchemistryteacherlive,Karen?

”theyoungmanasked.

22．“Ihavegainedthefirstplaceinthemathematicscompetition,”thelittleboysaidhappily.

23．“Lighttravelsfasterthansound,”thephysicsteachersaidtotheboysandgirls.

24．“Willyougototheconcertwithmethisevening?

”Maryaskedme.

25．“Whatdidyoudohereyesterday?

”theoldmanaskedmybrother.

附答案：

1．Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.

2．Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.

3．SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.

4．Sheaskedmewhetherthatbookwasmineorhis.

5．TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.

6．Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.

7．ThemotheraskedTomtogetupearly.

8．Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.

9．Myfathersaidpracticemakesperfect.

10．Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.

11．Hesaidtheyarestillstudents.

12．Hetoldmethathewasbornin1978.

13．Theengineersaidhewasatcollegein1967.

14．HesaidhehadstudiedEnglishsincehewasaboy.

15．Shesaidshehadreadthebookwhileshewaswaitingforabus.

16．Mr.GreentoldthemJoehadtoldhimallabouthisstorywhenheaskedforajob.

17．Hesaidthey（had）insistedthatshestartimmediately.

18．Shesaidhedemandedthatthegirlleaveatonce.

19．ItoldhimIhadfinishedit.

20．Shetoldusshewouldcomeheretomorrow

21．TheyoungmanaskedKarenwhereherchemistryteacherlived.

22．Thelittleboysaidhappilythathehadgainedthefirstplaceinthemathematicscompetition.

23．Thephysicsteachertoldtheboysandgirlsthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

24．Maryaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgototheconcertwithherthatevening.

25．Theoldmanaskedmybrotherwhathehaddonetherethedaybefore.

巩固练习：

1.Ourteacheraskedus_____ourdictionariestoschool.

A.bring                     B.brought                 C.bring                     D.tobring

2.Theteachertoldtheboystudents______footballonthegrass.

A.notplay                 B.nottoplay                    C.played                   D.playing

3.____Tomdidn’tgotoschool?

A.Doyouknowhow B.Whydoyouknow  C.Howyouknowwhy      D.Doyouknowwhy

4.Shelookssad.Couldyoupleasetellme_____thatpreventsherfrombeingashappyasbefore?

A.whatitis               B.itiswhat               C.howitis                D.itishow

5.Bettyaskedhersister____totherailwaystationtoseeheroff.

A.nottocome           B.nottogo                C.tonotcome           D.tonotgo

6.Thepupilaskedhisteacher_____roundtheearth.

A.weatherthemoongoes                              B.thatthemoonwent

C.whetherthemoongoes                             D.whetherthemoonwent

7.Mr.Li____WangLing____ataxitotheairport.

A.asked;take            B.asked;taking          C.told;take               D.told;totake

8.Sheaskedhim____.

A.whosedictionarythisis                              B.whosedictionarythatwas

C.whosedictionaryisthis                              D.whosedictionarythatis

9.Mary’smotheraskedher_____.

A.thatwhethershehadfinishedherhomeworkB.ifshehasfinishedherhomework

C.ifshehadfinishedherhomework                D.thatifshehadfinishedherhomework

10.Doyouknow____?

A.whatishedoing                                        B.whathedoing

C.whatheisdoing                                        D.whatdoeshedonow

11.Idon’tknow____tolearnEnglish.

A.whendidhebegin  B.whenhebegan       C.hewhenbegan       D.whenhebegins

12.Heaskedme____.

A.howwouldtheweatherbeliketomorrow    B.whattheweatherwouldbelikethenextday

C.howtheweatherwouldbeliketomorrow    D.whatwouldtheweatherbelikethenextday

13.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceSpringFestivalpresents.

A.howexcitedtheywere                               B.howexcitedwerethey

C.howtheywereexcited                               D.theywerehowexcited

14.Shetoldmethatshe____byherrelativesatthebusstop.

A.hadbeenseenoff   B.haveseenoff         C.havebeenseenoff  D.hadseenoff

15.Doyourememberhowmanytimes____toAustralia?

A.hadyoubeen         B.didyougo                    C.haveyoubeen        D.youhavebeen

16.Canyouguess____?

A.whatisthatman     B.whothatmanis      C.whomthatmanis   D.whoisthatman

17.Moreandmorestudentsandteachershavebegantoknow____.

A.howimportanttheforeignlanguageare        B.howtheforeignlanguageisimportant

C.howimportanttheforeignlanguageis          D.howimportantistheforeignlanguage

18.Thehostesssaidthatit___timethatthey___supper.

A.was;had               B.was;hadhad          C.is;have                 D.is;havehad

19.Thebossaskedhissecretary____hehadfinishedtypingthereport____.

A.if;ornot                B.if;not                    C.whether;ornot             D.whether;not

20.Iwonderhowmuch_____.

A.doeshespendonhiscar                            B.didhespendonhisca