高一英语寒假作业17实验班03222 12.docx

高一英语寒假作业17实验班03222 12.docx

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高一英语寒假作业17实验班0322212

河北安平中学实验部高一年级英语学科寒假作业

2019年2月11日

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节  （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

WelcometoGlassofVenice,thenumberoneimporterandretailerofauthenticMuranoGlassintheUSandoneofthetopnamesamongMuranoGlassretailersworldwide.Weworkdirectlywithartisans（工匠）fromMurano,Italytobringyoutheuniquecenturiesoldartrootedintraditionandskill.EveryitemishandcraftedwithpassionusingancienttechniquesthatmadeMuranoglassmakersworld-famoussincethe8thcentury.Nowyouneedn’tmakeatriptoMuranotoownanauthenticpieceofartasbeautifulasVeniceitself.

Atthetimeofmass-producedproductsthatcarrynospecialmeaning,MuranoGlassgivesyouanopportunitytoexpressyourindividuality.Everypieceisunique.

MuranoGlassis100%handcraftedinVenice.Beapartofthecenturies-oldVenetiantradition!

Apieceoftheartisan’sheartandsouliscapturedineveryMuranoGlasscreation.CraftingMuranoGlassjewelry,vases,sculpturesandotherfunctionalanddecorativepiecesisacomplicatedprocessfromsilica,minerals,water,andfire.Venetianartisanscreatemasterpieces.Thetechniquestheyusearecenturiesold,andartisanshavebeentrainedformanyyearsintheirfathers’andgrandfathers,workshopsbeforetheycanattainareveredstatusofthetruemasterofthecraft.

MuranoGlassmastersarenotjustartisans;theyareartists.EversinceMuranoglassmakersguild（公会）wasestablishedonthisVenetianislandin1291,theyhavebeeninnovating,seekingnewmethodsofcreatingglass,andpushingforwardtoexpressnewphilosophiesandartisticvisionsthroughglass.ThismadeMuranoGlassgetitsownartform,andithasbeenrecognizedatinternationalexpositionsandtopartmuseumsandgalleriesworldwide.TodaythefamousglassmastersworkingonMuranoIslandarefirstandforemostartists,andGlassofVeniceisproudtoofferartisticmasterpiecesfromtopMuranoglassworkshops.

21.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMuranoGlass?

A.Itismadebyusingmodernmachines.B.EverypieceismadeintheUS.

C.Everypiecehasaspecialstyle.D.Itwasdesignedinthe8thcentury.

22.Theunderlinedword“revered”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto“”.

A.considerateB.relievedC.complexD.respected

23.WhatwereMuranoGlassmastersdevotedtodoingaccordingtothetext?

A.Exploringwaystodevelopthecreationofglass.

B.ExportingMuranoGlasstomanyforeigncountries.

C.BuildingartmuseumstoshowthebeautyofMuranoGlass.

D.Creatingaspecialartformtoexpresstheirphilosophiesoflife.

24.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoMuranoGlassmasters’works?

A.Critical.B.Admirable.C.Cautious.D.Aggressive.

B

TodaywethinkofAbrahamLincolnasagreatleader.Whatmostofusdon’tknowisthathewasawell-knownhumoristandstorytellerinhisday.

Lincolnlearnedtotelljokesandstoriesfromhisfather.WhenLincolnbecamealawyer,heusedhisjokesandstoriestogainthegoodwillofthejury（陪审团）,andmorethanoncehisopposinglawyerwouldcomplaintothejudgethatLincoln’sstorieswereirrelevantanddistracting（转移、分心）tothejury.ThetroubleforthemwasthatJudgeDavidDavislovedLincoln’sjokesmorethananyoneelseinthecourtroom.

Asapolitician,Lincolnmadeexcellentuseofhishumorousstories.HislongtimepoliticalopponentStephenA.Douglascomplainedthat“Nothingelse—notanyofhisargumentsoranyofhisrepliestomyquestions—disturbsme.Butwhenhebeginstotellastory,IfeelthatIamtobeovermatched.”MorethanonceDouglasandotherpoliticalopponentsofLincoln’ssawtheirwellpresentedargumentsforgottenbytheaudienceafterLincolnfolloweduptheirspeecheswithahomelystory.

AstheresponsibilitiesoftheofficeofPresidentbecamegreaterandheavier,Lincolnusedhumortofindrelief.Hewantedtoreducethestressesinhimselfandthosearoundhim.OneofLincoln’sneighborstoldthatoneday,hesawLincolnwalkingpastwithtwoyoungshoutingboys.“What’sthematter,Mr.Lincoln?

”theneighborasked.“Thesamethingthat’sthematterwiththewholeworld,”Lincolnanswered.“Ihavethreewalnuts,andeachoneofthemwantstwoofthem.”

OnecannottrulyappreciateLincolnwithoutunderstandinghishumorousside.HeusedhisjokesandstoriesbothforthepurposeofwinningoverhisaudienceandrelievingthepressureheexperiencedasPresidentduringtheterribleCivilWar.

25.WhenLincolnwasalawyer,whatwashispurposeoftellingjokesandstories?

A.Hewantedtosatisfythejudge’sdesireforjokes.

B.Hewantedtodistracthisopposinglawyer.

C.Hewantedtorelievehispressure.D.Hewantedtoimpressthejury.

26.WhatmightbeDouglas’attitudetowardsLincoln’shumorousstories?

A.Appreciative.B.Annoyed.C.Concerned.D.Surprised.

27.What’sthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toeducate.B.Toinform.C.Topersuade.D.Toentertain

C

Imaginelookingatsomethingandbeingabletomoveitjustbyusingyourbrain!

ThatisexactlywhatthenewtechnologycalledBrainGatecando—withthehelpofaroboticarm,anyway.

BrainGateistheideaofProfessorJohnDonoghueandhisteamofresearchersattheBrownInstituteforBrainScience,USA.BrainGateisattacheddirectlytothebrain.Firstofall,goldwiresareputintothepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmovement.Thesearethenconnectedtoasmallcomputerchip（芯片）.Whenthepersonthinksaboutdifferentmovements,thiscreateselectricalsignals,whicharepickedupbythechip.Afterthis,thesignalsthatarecreatedbythebrainaresentbacktoacomputer,whichchangesthesignalsintomovements.Finally,thecomputerusestheroboticarmtocarryoutthesemovements.BrainGatecanalreadybeusedtowriteane-mailorplaycomputergames,justbybrainpower.

Thetechnologyhasalreadycostmillionsofdollarstodevelopandwhenitisavailableforuse,itwillprobablycostthousandsofdollarsperperson.TherearestillmanychallengesaheadforDonoghueandhisteam.Theyarecurrentlyplanningaminiwirelessversion,whichwillallowpeopletobeconnectedtothecomputeratalltimes.Donoghuealsodreamsofusingthistechnologytohelpdisabledpeoplewhocan'tmovetheirarmsorlegs.HeplanstoconnectBrainGatedirectlytotheirownparalysedlimbs（瘫痪的胳膊或腿）.Thiswillmeanthatthepersoncancontroltheirownbodyagain,withoutrelyingonaroboticarm.

Thisresearchisattractingthemilitary's（军方的）attentionaswell.However,itiseasytounderstandwhyscientistsmightbeconcernedabouthowthought-controlledmachinescouldbeusedbythemilitary.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“These”referto?

A.Movements.B.Thoughts.C.BrainsD.Wires.

29.WhatisoneofBrainGate'sdisadvantages?

A.Itneedsimprovement.B.Itproducesfewmovements.

C.Itistooexpensive.D.Itisdifficulttocontrol.

30.HowwillDonoghuehelpdisabledpeople?

A.Bydevelopingawirelessversion.B.Byreplacingtheirlimbswithroboticones.

C.BymakingBrainGatesmaller.D.ByattachingBrainGatetotheirbadlimbs.

31.Whatdoesthemilitarythinkofthought-controlledmachines?

A.Theycouldleadtodisasters.B.Theywouldfacefiercecompetition.

C.Theycouldbeuseful.D.Theywouldbeinmassproduction.

D

Anewtechnologyisgoingtoripe,onethatcouldtransformourdailylives,helptoformnewindustries,evenremoveworldeconomicpowersfromtheirpresentpositions.UnlikethewaveofindustrializationthatbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld,thenewdevelopmentsaretakingplaceinresearchlabsallovertheglobe—andAsiansareintheforefront.Physicistsarecreatinganewclassofmaterialsthatdisplayanamazingpropertyunforeseeneventwoyearsago—superconductivity（超导体技术）.

Usedtodayonlyinspecializedequipment,superconductorshavethepotentialtoradicallychangemostoftheelectricalandelectronicappliancesfoundinthehome,makingthemsmaller,morepowerfulandefficient.Theycouldfreeourcitiesofpollutionbyreplacingpetrolanddiesel（柴油）vehicleswithelectriccars,andcutthecostofelectricity.Thenewmaterialsdosomethingthateventhebestofconductorssuchascopperandsilvercannot—theydoawaywithallelectricalresistance.Thesignificancesforenergystoragearegreat.

Thetechnologyisinitsearlystage,stillaccessibletocountriesthatdecidetoinvestbrainsandmoney.For75yearsithadremainedlittlemorethanascientificcuriositywithlimitedpracticalusebecausethephenomenonoccurredonlyatextremelylowtemperatures.Itwasfirstobservedin1911byaDutchscientistnamedHeikeKamerlinghOnnes,whocooledmercury（水银）totemperaturesbelow-269℃withliquidhelium（氦）.TheninJanuarylastyear,twoIBMscientists,K.AlexMullerandJ.GeorgeBednorz,foundametaloxideceramic（氧化陶瓷）thatsuperconductedat-243℃.TheirreportwentlargelyunnoticeduntillastDecember,whenitwasconfirmedatascientificmeetinginBoston.TodayJapan,India,ChinaandotherAsiancountriesallhavetheirshareofexpertswhospendtheirdaysandnightsinlabs,actingasmidwives（助产士）toanewtechnology.

32.Asisindicatedinthepassage,thetechnologyofsuperconductivity____________.

A.hasalreadybeendevelopedB.isstillunderdevelopment

C.willbeusedonlyinspecializedequipmentD.willbeusedindailylivesinafewyears

33.Thenewtechnologydiffersfromtheothersinthat____________.

A.itbeganintheEastandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld

B.itbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld

C.itisbeingcultivatedinresearchlabsaroundtheworld

D.itisaccessibletophysicistswhoareintelligentandrich

34.