诗歌赏析.docx

诗歌赏析.docx

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诗歌赏析

（一）TheEagle

AStylisticAnalysisofTheEaglebyAlfredTennyson

TheEagleisashortpoem,inwhichthepoetdescribesastrong,pride,braveandgreateagle.Infact,it`stomemorizethepoet`sclosestfriendHallam，whoisdied.It`salsoadescriptionofhisownlife,andanexpressionofhisstrongmind.Thispaperwillstartfromastylisticperspectiveandbaseonthestylisticknowledge.Wewillhaveananalysisonthefeatureandtheeffectofthestylisticsonthesound,words,sentence,imageryandfigureofspeechofthispoem.Andthisnewperspectiveaimstoletthereaderhaveadeepunderstandingofthepoemfromanewperspective.Thereaderwillnotonlyhaveabetterimpressionofthepoemitself,includingthefeatures,themeaningandtheaestheticeffect,butalsohaveaprofoundandtrueunderstandingoftheaffectionthatthepoetimpliedinthepoem.

A.Sound

1.Thispoemhastwostanzas,sixlinesandeachlinecontains8syllables.Sothispoemisveryshourtbutisalsoseemstonbeveryneat.

2.Inmetre,thispoemiswrittenintetrameter.It’salsointhecommonesttypeofversefoot-iambicfoot,aftereachweaksound,astressedsoundisexactlyfollowed.

3.Themostofthewordsinthispoemaremonosyllables,nomorethanthreesyllables,excepet“thunderbolt’,whichhasthreesyllables.Sothosewordsareterse,shortbutforceful.Andtheycanexpresstheeagle`shandsomeandspeediness.

4.Ithasarhyme.Therhymeschemeofthispoemis“aaa,bbb”.Andtherhymingwordsare“hands,lands,stand,crawls,walls,falls”,expressingastrongerfeelingoragreaterstrength.

5.Asforphoneticdevices,wecanseeitconsistsmanykingsofphoneticdevices,whichpictureouttheprominentimageoftheeagle,andalsomakethepoemfullofmusicaleffectandfullofmelody.

（1）Alliterationisusedmanytimesinthispoem,suchas“claps,crag,crooked’inthefirstlineofthefirststanza.Thosewordsshowthevitalityandthemasculinityoftheeaglebythepowerfulpronounce/k/.And“lonely,lands”,”with,world”and“watcheswalls”arealsobelongstoalliterration.

（2）Assonancealsocanbeseenhere,suchas“claps,crag,,hands”,“close,lonely”,“sea,beneath”and“wrinkle,him”.Theyprovidethispoemthebeautyofsound.

（3）Consonanceisanimportantphoneticdeviceinthispoem,suchas“claps,hands”,“ringed,world”,“wrinkled,crawl”and“watches,his,walls”.Theyalsogivethispoemagoodcoherenceinsound.

（4）Thereisanotherspecialphoneticdeviceinthispoem---Onomatopoeia.Inthepoemwecansee,theshortbutloudvowelssuchas/æ/,andtheplosivesound,suchas/k/,/p/,/g/,/d/,makeanimpressionoftoughoftheeagle.Then,withthesound/i:

/,/l/and/n/,itdescribesthewavesoftheocean.Thesespecialphonicsoundsmaketheeagleseemsmorepowerfulandbringthereaderstheimpactofmightinesshearingfeeling.

B.Words词

Thispoemshowsthepoet`scarefulchoiceofwords,especiallytochoosewordstodescribetheeagleandhisenvironment.Sothateachwordcanexpressexactlywhatneedstobeexpressedandsuggesteveryemotionalshadethatthepoemiscalculatedtoevokeinus.

1.Whendescribetheeagle,wordssuchas“clasp”,“Closeto”,“stand”,’watch”and“thunderbolt”areused.Andthosewordsgiveusanbraveandstrongimageoftheeagle.

2.Then,whenthepoetdescribetheenvironment,wordslike“lonely”,“beneath”,“wrinkled”and“crawl”areused.Inthisway,thevasteandboundlessskyandoceanseemtobenothingintheeyesoftheeagle.Soitalsoservesasafoiltothepowerfulandmysteriousoftheeagle.

3.Wealsoshouldpayspecialattentiontothepronoun“he”.It`sapersonnification.Thepoetdescribestheeagleasamale,andthisrefertotheprideandotherspiritsassociatedwithmale.Thesubjectivecase"he"occursfourtimes,theobjectivecase"him"onceandthethirdpersonpossesivepronoun"his"once.Inshort,thosewordsalsoshowgreatmasculinityupontheeagle.

4.Sowhenitcomestowordsofthispoem,wecanseethebeautyofpattern.Andthelanguageofpoetryisthevividlanguage,whichalsohasrichartisticglamour.Maybethat`soneofthereasonswhyTennyson`spoemisattractive.

5.Lexicalrepetitioncanbefoundinthispoem.Theword“he”hasbeenusedfourtimesinsuchashortpoem,withinthetwostanzas.Andeventhedefinitearticle“the”hasbeenrepetedfourtimes,whichalsogiveaspecialsoundeffectandvieweffect..Suchrepetitionistoheightentheatmosphereofthepoem,toemphasizethemeaningoftheeagle,andstrengthenthecoherenceofthepoemasawhole.

C.Sentences句子

1.Firstofall,let`spayattentiontothetitle.Thereisnosentenceatall,exceptafragment,Imeananounphrase“theeagle”.Butthisphraseisexactlytheshiningpoint,foritjusttherightstyleofthispoem.It`sshortandbrief,justliketherightspiritoftheeagle.

2.Then,seenfromthewholepoem,wefindthesentencesareverysimilarinlength,notverylong.Andtherearesixlinesinthepoem,andwecanevensaytherearesixsentencesinthepoem.Thosesixsentences,thethreesentencesinthefirststanzaareallcomposedby7words,andeverysentenceinthesecondstanzaiscomposedby6words,butallsentencesinthepoemhas8syllables.Sothispoemhasacompleteandunitedstructure.

3.Asforsentencepattern,wecaneasilyfindtheyaresimplesentenceswithouttoomuchsentencechanges.Thefirstlineisafullsentence,withabasicsentencepaternSVO.ThelastsentenceofthefirststanzaandallthethreesentencesinthesecondstanzahavethesamesentencepatternSV.Justthesecondsentenceofthefirststanzehasalittlechange.Inmyview,itshouldbeSVP,butinordertogetthecoherenceinthewholepoem,thepoetellipsisesthesubject“he”andthepredictivelinkverb“is”.

4.What`smore,syntacticalRepetitionisusedtoo.Ithasrepetedthesamestructureinthethirdandthesixthsentences.“Hestands”and“hefalls”,thesetwoshortsentencesarebothattheendofeachstanza.Andthesetwosentencesmaybecalledperiodicsentence,whichgivemoreemphasisthehero“he”,produceagreatmomentum,anditsemotionalappealtothefull.

D.Figureofspeech修辞手法

1.Personificationisoneofthemostimportantfaturesinthispoem.Inthewholepoem,theeagleiswrittenlikeanbraveman.Thepoetuses“he”referingtotheeagleanddescribingeagle’stalonsas"hands",thusmaketheeaglefullofhumanemotionsandspirits.

2.Overstatementalsoisusedhere.Inthesecondline,“closetothesun”isanexanpleofexaggeration.Soitcanemphasisthepoweroftheeagleandexpresstheauthor`sorhisfriend`sinsistenceofpursuingtruthandbeauty.

3.Similerisalsohere.Forexample,inthelastsentenceofthepoem,“likeathunderbolt”isbothasimilerandoverstatementatthesametime.Andfromsuchapowerfulword,wecanfindthehightideofthepoemandtheemotionofthepoet.So,inthisway,thespecialrhytoricaleffectcanbeexpressed.

4.Punmaybeuesdhere,too.Inthelastbutoneline,wecansee“likeathunderbolthefalls”.Inthissentence,“falls”canbeunderstoodasthefalloftheeagle,maybeit`stootired,anditwanttofalldowntohaveashortrest,oritwillfalldowntodeath.Butalso,itcanbeunderstoodasthefallofhisfriend,whichjustdiedatthegoldenageofhislifeandwillneverreback..So,that`stheverywondersofporticlanguage.

E.Imagery意象

Imageryisoneimportantpartofapoem,andtheyconveymuchmorethanwhatthewordsappeartomean.Bythosewords,thepoetexpresseshisfeelingandthoughtinamoreromanticwayoramoresuitableway.

Andmanyimagesareusedhere,suchastheeagle,thesun,theazurewolrd,thesea,themountainandthethuderbolt.Ofcourse,theeagleisthemainsubjectinthispoem,andit`spresentedasbeingstrongandtough,proudandmajestic,sharpeyed,alert,andquickmovement..

Then,theotherimagesinthispoemalsohavetheirspecialusage.Justaswehavementionedabove,alltheimagesworktogethertoconveytheeagle’sprominentcharacters.

Afterthewholeanalysisofthepoeminstylisticway,wemayfindtherearesomanyperfectpointsinthislittlepoem.Andtheeagle`scharacters,suchasaggressiveness,powerfulnessandunyieldingness,areallrevealedfully.Toanalysisthispoemdeeper,wealsocouldfindthedeepsorrowinTennyson`sheartforhislostfriendandhisvividexpressofhisownspiritofbraveness,aggressivenessandviolence.

（二）TheRoadNotTaken

Everyoneisatraveler,choosingtheroadstofollowonthemapoftheircontinuousjourney,life.Thereisneverastraightpaththatleavesonewithbutasoledirectioninwhichtohead.RegardlessoftheoriginalmessagethatRobertFrosthadintendedtoconvey,hispoem,"TheRoadNotTaken",hasleftitsreaderswithmanydifferentinterpretations.Itisone'spast,presentandtheattitudewithwhichhelooksuponhisfuturethatdeterminestheshadeofthelightthathewillseethepoemin.Inanycasehowever,thispoemclearlydemonstratesFrost'sbeliefthatitistheroadthatonechoosesthatmakeshimthemanwhoheis."AndsorryIcouldnottravelboth..."Itisalwaysdifficulttomakeadecisionbecauseitisimpossiblenottowonderabouttheopportunitycost,whatwillbemissedouton.Thereisastrongsenseofregretbeforethechoiceisevenmadeanditliesintheknowledgethatinonelifetime,itisimpossibletotraveldowneverypath.Inanattempttomakeadecision,thetraveler"looksdownoneasfarasIcould".Theroadthatwillbechosenleadstotheunknown,asdoesanychoiceinlife.Asmuchhemaystrainhiseyestoseeasfartheroadstretches,eventuallyitsurpasseshisvisionand