高一英语Unit 3Computers人教实验版知识精讲.docx
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高一英语Unit3Computers人教实验版知识精讲
高一英语Unit3Computers人教实验版
【本讲教育信息】
一.教学内容：
Unit3Computers
1.重点单词短语用法讲解
2.课文难点句解析
二.知识总结与归纳：
单元内容简介：
学习计算机的发展历史，了解计算机在人类生产生活中发挥的重要作用。
三.重点讲解与归纳：
1.…discusswhattheyhaveincommon.
discuss:
讨论
discusssth.
discussdoingsth.
discuss+wh从句
discuss+疑问词+不定式
eg.Wediscussedthelatestnewsovertea.
Theydiscussedgivingabigsurprisetoyou.
Wearediscussingwhetherweshouldgiveyoutheexam.
Theleadersarediscussinghowtodealwiththesituation.
n.discussion
haveadiscussion讨论
underdiscussion在讨论中
incommon:
共有，共享（在句中多作状语）
common:
1）普通的，常见的
commonsense常识
commonpeople老百姓
acommonmistake常见错误
2）共有的，公共的
commonpoverty公共财产
commoninterests公共利益
3）incommon共有
Thetwomenownthecompanyincommon.
4）have…incommon（with）与……共有
Theyhavenothingincommonwitheachother.
havelittleincommon
havesomethingincommon
havealotincommon
5）incommonwith…（=like…）
Incommonwithmanyyoungpeople,Ilikemusic.
辨析：
common:
“普通的，一般的”，符合或具有全体所共有的特征。
usual：
通常指所熟悉的东西或经常发生的事件的性质。
e.g.Todayshecameatherusualtime.
ordinary:
侧重表示“外表平凡，平平常常，随时可以碰到”，着重平淡无奇。
e.g.Heisanordinarylookingman.
2.Usesomeofthefollowingexpressionsinyourdiscussion.
following:
下列的，接着的
inthefollowingyear=inthenextyear=intheyearthatfollows
follow:
v.跟随，追随,听从
followone’sadvice听从某人的劝告
followtheexampleof…以……为榜样
expression:
表达，表情
Herexpressionshowedthatshewasangry.
express:
v.表达
expressoneself
3.inmyopinion…以我的看法……
inone’sopinion=intheopinionofsb.
e.g.Intheopinionofmanypeople,thisisnotagoodplan.
haveagood/bad/high/lowopinionof…=thinkwell/badly/highly/lowlyof…
4.Ibeganonlyasacalculatingmachinein1642inFrance.
calculate:
vt.&vi.计算
Ihaven’tcalculatethefinalscore.
Thecomputercalculatesveryquickly.
calculation:
n.计算
calculator:
n.计算器
5.IwasbuiltasanAnalyticalMachinebyCharlesBabbage.
analytical:
分析的
analyze:
v.分析
analysis:
n.分析
6.Atthattimeitwasatechnologicalrevolution!
technologicalrevolution:
技术革命
technological：
adj.技术的
technology:
n.技术（总称）
technique:
n.某种技能，技巧
7.…andbuilda“universalmachine”tosolveanymathematicalproblem.
universal:
普遍的，通用的,宇宙的,世界的
Itisauniversaltruth.
Englishisauniversallanguage.
universe:
n.宇宙
solve:
解决
Theboysolvedthedifficultproblembyhimselfatlast.
solution:
n.
8.PeoplethoughtIwassimple-mindeduntiltheydiscoveredIhad“artificialintelligence”.
simple-minded:
头脑简单的
absent-minded心不在焉的
open-minded没有偏见的
narrow-minded心胸狭窄的
single-minded一心一意的
strong-minded意志坚强的
weak-minded低能的，愚蠢的
noble-minded思想高尚的
discover：
发现
辨析：
discover:
原来存在的东西后来被发现
invent:
发明原来不存在的东西
discovery:
n.
intelligence：
智力
high/lowintelligence
intelligent:
adj.有智力的，聪明的
Adolphinisanintelligentanimal.
9.Anyway,let’sgobacktomyhistory.
anyway:
无论如何（=anyhow）
无论怎么样，这件事值得一试。
Anyway,itisworthtrying.
也许会下雨，但我们无论如何都要去。
Itmayrain,butwewillgoanyway.
10.Astheyearshavegoneby,Ihavebeenmadesmallerandsmaller.
as在这里表示“随着”，是个连词。
用with也有这个意思，但要注意with是个介词，后面不能加句子，所以可以表述成withtheyearsgoingby。
goby:
1）经过，过去（=pass）
Timewentbyslowly.
Don’tletthegoodchancegoby.
2）依据……判断（=judgeby）
Goingbythetrafficrule,thedrivershouldbepunished.
拓展：
goafter追求
goagainst反对
goover复习
goout熄灭；出去
gothrough遭受……
goinfor从事，爱好
11.MymemorybecamesolargethatIcouldn’tbelieveit!
so…that:
如此……以致于
sothat:
1）以致于，结果是
2）为的是……（=inorderthat）
12.Theygavemeafamilyconnectedbyanetwork.
connect:
连接
1）connectAwith/toB
ThePanamaCanalconnectstheAtlanticwiththePacific.
2）beconnectedwith与……有（亲戚）关系
SheisconnectedwiththeGreens.
connection:
n.
13.Sincethen,myfamilyandIhavebeenusedbybillionsofpeopletodealwithinformationandcommunicatewitheachother.
sincethen:
从那时起（现在完成时）
fromthenon:
一般过去时
Sincethen,wehaven’tmeteachotheragain.
Fromthenon,wedidn’tmeeteachotheragain.
dealwith:
1）处理,解决,安排
Wemustdealwiththisproblemassoonaspossible.
2）对待,对付,宾语是人
Dealwithamanashedealswithyou.
3）谈论，涉及
Thebookdealswiththequestionsofmaths.
［随堂练习］
1.Tom,thehusband,likessports.Julia,thewife,likesbooks.Itseemsthattheyhavenothing___________.
2.Twentyyears_______andherhairwasbeginningtoturngray.
3.Hemadeaspeechattheconference,__________folkmusic.
4.Tom很诚实从来不说谎。
Tomis______________boythathenevertellsalie.
Tomis______________boythathenevertellsalie.
5.LastsummerItookacourseon________poisonousgases.
A.howtodealwithB.whattodealwith
C.howtobedealtwithD.whattobedealtwith
【模拟试题】
第一卷（三部分，共115分）
第一部分：
听力（略）
第二部分：
英语知识应用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：
单项填空（共15小题，满分15分）
21.There'sintoday'spaper.
A.interestingspecialnothingB.speciallyinterestingnothing
C.nothingspecialinterestingD.nothingspeciallyinteresting
22.Peoplearenotallowed___freelyatthemeetingandtheydon’tallowpeople________either.
A.totalk;smokingB.totalk;tosmoke
C.talking;smokingD.talking;tosmoke
23.Whathehadsaidatthemeetingtrue.
A.provesB.isprovedC.provedD.wasproved
24.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethingsyoucanfindthemagain.
A.whenB.whereC.thenD.there
25.Thespeakerraisedhisvoice,butstillcouldn’tmakehimself______.
A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard
26.Thegirl____ontheground_____tomethatshehad____thebookontheshelf.
A.lying;lay;laidB.lay;lied;lain
C.lie;lied;layD.lying;lied;laid
27.Inthisforesttherearemoreorless15kindsofsnakes,___fiveareverydangerous.
A.whichB.whereC.ofwhichD.inwhich
28.Hasall______canbedone_______?
A./;beendoneB./;done
C.that;doneD.that;beendone
29.IfyouwanttovisittheGreatWall,Isuggest______nextfall.
A.youtogoB.yougoC.togoD.go
30.Peoplelikesports_____playerscompete_____prizes.
A.inwhich,forB.where,for
C.that,inD.when,to
31.------Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!
-----Oh,I’mterriblysorry,__________________.
A.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticing
C.Ihaven’tnoticedD.Idon’tnotice
32.Everypossiblemeans____topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclean.
A.isusedB.areusedC.hasbeenusedD.havebeenused
33.Isthistheproblem_______theteacherexplainedlastweek?
Choosethewronganswer:
A.whichB.thatC./D.theone
34.Wecan’tgoswimmingtoday,becausetheswimmingpoolis_________.
A.underconstructionB.beingrepaired
C.underrepairsD.repaired
35.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_________.
A.hascompletedB.completes
C.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted
第二节：
完形填空（共20小题，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Onedayawealthyfamilywentonatriptothecountryside.Thefatherwantedto36hissonhow37peoplelive38theyspentadayandanightinthefarmofaverypoor39.
Whentheygotbackfromtheirtripthefatheraskedhisson,“Mydearson,howwasthe40?
”“Very41,Dad!
”answeredtheboy.“Didyouseehowpoorpeoplelive?
”thefatherasked.“Yeah!
”answeredtheson.“Andwhatdidyoulearn?
”askedthefather.Thesonanswered,“Isawthatwehaveadogathome,andtheyhavefour.Wehavea42thatreachestothemiddleofthegardenandtheyhaveacreek（小溪）thathasno43.Wehaveimportedlamps（进口灯具）inthegardenandtheyhavethe44.Ourpatio（天井）reachestothefrontyard,45theyhaveawholehorizon（旷野）.”Whenthelittleboywas46,hisfatherwasspeechless.
Hisson47,“ThanksDad48showingmehow49weare!
”
Isn’tittruethatitalldepends50the51youlookatthings?
Ifyouhavelove,friends,family,health,goodhumorandapositiveattitude（乐观的态度）52lifeyou’vegoteverything!
Youcan’tbuy53ofthesethings,54stillyoucanhaveallthematerialpossessions（财富）youcanimagine,provisions（储备）forthefuture,etc.Butifyouarepoorofspirit,youhavenothing!
Attitudeis55!
Makeadecisiontohaveagood,positiveandproductiveattitude（积极，乐观，上进）everyday!
36.A.showB.giveC.sendD.tell
37.A.happyB.sorrowC.richD.poor
38.A.thusB.soC.thereforeD.when
39.A.houseB.homeC.familyD.room
40.A.journeyB.tripC.stayD.travel
41.A.badB.goodC.wellD.badly
42.A.riverB.lakeC.canalD.pool
43.A.endlessB.endingC.endD.ended
44.A.sunB.starsC.planetD.electricitylight
45.A.yetB.howeverC.soD.though
46.A.finishedB.finishingC.completedD.completing
47.A.addingB.addedC.sayingD.said
48.A.forB.ofC.withD.about
49.A.poorB.richC.gladD.happy
50.A.inB.onC.forD.about
51.A.methodB.mannersC.wayD.means
52.A.ofB.forC.towardsD.at
53.A.nothingB.anyC.someD.everything
54.A.thenB.butC.thoughD.so
55.A.anythingB.nothingC.everythingD.something
第三部分：
阅读理解（共20小题，满分40分）阅读下列短文，并做每篇后面的题。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能够回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
JaneClark,fair-haired,blue-eyedandtoughassteel,hasjustwonthemostdifficultraceintheworld.Inseventeendaysshedroveadogteamandsledgeacross1,050milesoftheArcticCircleandthroughsomeofthemostdifficultlandintheworld.Inbitterwindsandsnow-stormsshedroveherdogsalongtheArctictrack,intemperaturesthatreached-38℃.
WhenJanewasaskedhowshefeltaboutbeingthefirstwomanevertowintheraceshesaid,“Istillcannotbelieveit.”Shethenwentovertoinspectherthirteenwild-eyeddogs.
DavidWilson,whocamesecondsaid,“Itsurehurtswhenayoungwomanisaheadofyou.Butitdoesn’thurtforlong
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