高一英语词语人教版知识精讲.docx
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高一英语词语人教版知识精讲
高一英语词语人教版
【同步教育信息】
一.本周教学内容：
词语
二.重点短语：
1.cutdown
cutdown表示“砍倒，降低，缩短”等。
例如：
（1）Manyvillagerscutdowntreestobuildtheirhouse.
（2）Themancutdownthepooryoungtreewithanaxe.
（3）Theassistantaskedmetopay50yuanfortheshirt,butIcutdownto20yuan.
（4）Ifyoucutdownthispairoftrousers,youcangiveittoyouryoungersister.
（5）Theangrymancutthetableup.
（6）Hecutthreemetresofclothfromthatroll.
（7）Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseofmaintenance.
2.by
by引导的时间状语，有“在某时前、到某时为止”、“到某时”的意思，所修饰的谓语动词的时态既取决于by短语，指过去、将来还是现在，也取决于谓语动词是动作动词还是状态动词。
详述如下：
1）by引导的时间状语表示过去某一时间
（1）Bythetimehewasten,hehadalreadybuiltachemistrylabforhimself.
（2）Byseveno’clock,thewindwasblowingharderthanever.
（3）BythattimetheJapanesewerealreadyverynear.
（4）Bythenheknewwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.
（5）Bytheendoflastmonth,mybrotherhadbeenonthatshipfortwoyears.
2）by短语表示将来某一时间
（6）Quiteoftenyou’llfindtheunknownwordcomesagain,perhapsseveraltimesandbytheendofthechapteryou’llhaveguesseditsmeaning.
（7）Wewillhavetheworkcompletedbynoontomorrow.
（8）MrsAdamsthoughtthemoviewouldbefinishedby10:
30p.m.
（9）Yoursonwillbeallrightbysuppertime.
（10）Hewon’tbeherebythistimetomorrow.
3）by短语表示现在
（11）Perhapsshe’srecoveredbynow.
3.usedto
（1）usedto是情态动词，只有过去式，其后接动词原形，表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在。
usedto的否定式为：
usednotto/use（d）n’tto/didnotuseto；疑问式为：
Did+主+usedto…?
/used+主+to…?
如：
①Thereusedtobeabusstoponthatcorner.在那个拐角上曾有一个公共汽车站。
②IusedtogotoofficeonfootbutIdon’tdothatnow.
过去我步行去上班，但现在不这样了
③Thevillageisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.这村庄已不再是过去的样子了。
④Heusedn’t/didn’tusetolikefish.他过去不喜欢吃鱼。
⑤Youusedtobegoodfriends,usen’tyou/didn’tyou?
你们曾是好朋友，是这样吗？
4.touch
touch在这里是动词，意为“接触”，“触碰”，“轻按”。
例：
（1）Themountainissohighthatitseemstotouchtheclouds.
这座山非常高，似乎碰到了云彩。
（2）Visitorsarerequirednottotouchthepaintings.参观者请勿抚摸这些画。
（3）Youonlyneedtotouchthebellforittoring.你只需轻轻按一下，铃就会响的。
（4）Someonetouchedmeontheshoulder.有人轻轻拍我的肩。
5.prepare
（1）ShewaspreparingherlessonswhenIcalled.
（2）Motherispreparingdinnerinthekitchen.
（3）Heisbusypreparingforthetest.
（4）Willyouhelpmepreparefortheparty?
（5）You’dbetterprepareyourparentsforthebadnews.
（6）Mr.Jonesisnotpreparedtoacceptother’sideas.
（7）TheyarewellpreparedfortheOlympicGames.
（8）Theyaremakingpreparationsforthesportsmeeting.
三.重点句型：
1.Itis+adj.+（forsb.）todosth.
（1）WeiBintookoutsomepeanutsanditwasfuntoseethemonkeyeatfromhishand.
魏宾拿出一些花生，看猴子吃他手中的东西很有趣。
（2）Itisdangeroustoplaywithfire.玩火是危险的。
ItisnecessarytobuysomebookstogowithsomeEnglishtapes.
（3）Itisdifficultforyoutounderstandit.
（4）Itisimportantforustomakefulluseofthetimeinclass.
（5）ItisverykindofyoutohelpuswithourEnglish.
（6）Itiscleverofhimnottotakethegift.
（7）It’sveryniceofyoutocomeandseeme.
2.see+宾语+do
（1）…itwasfuntoseethemonkeyeatfromhishand.
（2）Isawhimcomeback.
（3）
（4）
3.Itis/was+adj（tosb）+that…
（1）ItwascleartomenowthatIwastaughtinanearthquake.
（2）Itisclearthatourearthisbeingpolluted.
（3）ItisknowntousallthatTaiwanispartofChina.
（4）It’ssurprisingthatsheshouldbesofoolish.
（5）Itisnecessarythattheproblembesettledpeacefully.
（6）Itisapitythatsheshoulddosobadlyintheexamination.
（7）Itishisdesirethatamedicalworkershouldstayhere.
4.so+adj./adv.that…
（1）Shewassosurprisedthatshecouldn’tmove.
（2）Thefamilywassopoorthattheboycouldn’tgetmanybooks.
（3）Heransofastthatnobodycouldcatchupwithhim.
（4）Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldreachtheceiling.
（5）Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathewaspraised.
（6）Hewassuchanhonestboythatwealllikedhim.
（7）ThereweresomanypeopleinthestreetthatIcouldn’tgetthrough.
5.Whathadhebeendoingbeforetheearthquake?
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）—WasyourstaypleasantwhileyouwereinShanghailastweek.
（5）—No,Ithadbeenrainingforfourdays,sowehadtostayathotel.
6.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforethewoodenbuildingwasswallowedupbythefire.
（1）Ihadnotwaitedlongbeforehecame.
（2）Youmustbegivenagoodtrainingbeforeyoucandriveacar.
（3）However,beforeshecouldthinktwice,thewaterwasuponher.
（4）HewillcometoseeyoubeforeheleavesBeijing.
（5）ThisistheplacewhereIoncelived.
（6）Thisistheplacewhich/thatIoncevisited.
7.介词+which/whom的用法
【模拟试题】
一.词语知识：
1.Itwasnotlongthetwoboysdisappearedfromoursight.
A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.after
2.Shewassoangryatallhewasdoingshewalkedoutandsaidnothing.
A.that;thatB.what;thatC.what;asD.that;which
3.ThestoryhappenedacoldwintermorningDecember17th,1841.
A.in;inB.on;onC.in;onD.on;in
4.Wemustdosomethingtothetemple.It’s.
A.protect;dangerousB.rescue;indanger
C.save;adangerD.prevent;outofdanger
5.—Whatisyourassessmentofthecurrentpoliticalsituation?
—Well,itseemstobeproblem.
A.oneafteranotherB.stepbystepC.onebyanotherD.oneafterone
6.Thelawyer,opinionsIrespected,advisedmetostayinbedforafewdays.
A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.what
7.nothingworthfromthehouse,thethiefleftatonce.
A.Tofind;totakeB.Finding;taking
C.Finding;tobetakenD.Tofind;beingtaken
8.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesandthem.
A.correctB.correctingC.correctsD.tocorrect
9.Onadarknight,theytheenemybysurpriseandthetown.
A.took;tookB.took;seizedC.seized;madeD.seized;took
10.—Whathappenedtothelittlegirlintheend?
—Unfortunately,herparentspassedaway,heranorphan.
A.leftB.leavingC.toleaveD.havingleft
11.Theresultoftheexperimentisverygood,wehadn’texpected.
A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what
12.Althoughknockeddownbyabike,hemanagedtotohisfeet.
A.standB.riseC.sitD.get
13.Hehaswrittenabook,I’vecompletelyforgotten.
A.nameofwhichB.thenameofit
C.whosenameD.ofwhichname
14.When,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.
A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted
15.WehavetwoseatsforthetheatreforFridayevening.
A.fixedB.settledC.decidedD.booked
二.完形填空：
Beforeleavingtheclassroom,theteacher,MissWhitesaidtoherclass,“Don’tleaveyour1readyourbooks2yourselves.Youshouldstudyhardand3goodstudents.”
4theteacherwentaway,theclassroomturned5.Oneboywasatthedoortokeep6.Oneboywas7aportraitoftheteacherontheblackboard.Anotherboybegantomakefacesjusttomaketheotherstudents8.
Suddenlytheboyonwatchputonefingerclosetohis9tellingtheclassthatMissWhitewas10.Allthestudentssatdownontheirseats,andthe11becamesilentagain.
Thedooropened,andincameMissWhite.She12whatwentonwhenshewasout.Shestaredatthestudentswhohadjust13,lookedattheclassin14forseveralminutes,andthensaidquietlybut15,“Don’tdothatagain.Idonotwantyousimplytopromisemewith16thatyouwillbe17.Iwantyouto18mewithyourheartsthathereweareallpartofonebig19,Iwanttobe20ofyou.”
1.A.schoolB.classroomC.seatsD.classmates
2.A.withB.byC.toD.for
3.A.beB.doC.becomeD.turn
4.A.WhileB.OnceC.AslongasD.Assoonas
5.A.noisyB.troublesomeC.disappointingD.hopeless
6.A.dutyB.attentionC.noticeD.watch
7.A.introducingB.drawingC.lookingatD.takingdown
8.A.thinkB.exciteC.laughD.shout
9.A.mouthB.noiseC.eyeD.ear
10.A.goingbackB.comingbackC.returningbackD.turningaround
11.A.schoolB.classroomC.surroundingsD.students
12.A.heardB.sawC.wonderedD.knew
13.A.drawntheportraitB.madefacesC.satdownD.lefthisseat
14.A.silenceB.secretC.mindD.satisfaction
15.A.sadlyB.gladlyC.firmlyD.loudly
16.A.careB.deedsC.languageD.words
17.A.silentB.politeC.goodD.well
18.A.respectB.tellC.followD.show
19.A.familyB.schoolC.groupD.crowd
20.A.tiredB.sureC.fondD.proud
三.阅读理解：
A
Wallyworkedinashopthatsoldclocks.Onedayhisnextdoorneighbour,Harry,cameintohisshop.Harrywasstingy.HisstinginessmadeWallyveryangry.Wallysaidtohim,“Whenareyougoingtobuyaclock?
”
“Never,”Harrysaid.“Idon’tneedaclock.”
“Everyoneneedsaclock,”Wallysaid.“Howdoyouknowwhenit’stimetogetup?
”
“Themanwholivesontheothersideofmeturnsonhisradioatseveno’clockforthenews,”Harrysaid.“Iheartheannouncersay‘Thetimeisseveno’clock.Hereisthenews.’”
“OK.Buthowdoyouknowwhentogotowork?
”Wallywantedtoknow.
“BythetimeIgetoutofbed,wash,andshave,it’shalfpastseven,”Harrysaid.“BythetimeI’veeatenmybreakfastoftoast,jamandcoffee,it’seighto’clock,timetoleavefortheoffice.BythetimeIgettothebusstop,thetimeistenpasteight,thebusarrivesinafewminutesandbythetimeitgetstomystop,thetimeishalfpasteight.That’sthetimeIstartwork.”
“Ok.Buthowdoyouknowwhenit’stimetogohome?
”Wallysaid,gettingangry.
“Thefactorysirenrings,”Harrytoldhim.
“Howdoyouknowwhenit’stimetogotobed?
”
“Thetelevisionprogramscometoanend.”
BynowWallywasreallyangry.“OK,”heshouted.“Nowtellmewhatwouldhappen
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