八年级初中英语期中备考汇编阅读理解解析版.docx
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八年级初中英语期中备考汇编阅读理解解析版
八年级-2020年初中英语期中备考汇编-阅读理解
总分:
100答题时间:
120分钟日期____________班级____________姓名____________
一、选择性阅读(每小题5分,共20题,共100分)
1
(1)Wholivesafewmilesawayfromhisschoolfriends?
A.Mark.
B.John.
C.Daniel.
D.Helen.
(2)WhatdoesMarkmissduringthesummer?
A.Ridingabike.
B.Seeingthekids.
C.Gettingupearly.
D.Playingfootball.
(3)WhichgradedoesJohnteach?
A.YearOne.
B.YearTwo.
C.YearEight.
D.YearNine.
2Manystudieshaveshownusthatourmemoriesaren'tcompletelytrustable,itcanbedifficulttotellarealmemoryfromafalseone,butonekindofmemoriesistestedtobeunreal:
anything"remembered"beforeage2.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinPsychologicalScience,nearly40percentofpeoplearesurethattheyremembereventsbeforethisage,buttheirbrainsarealmostcertainlylyingtothem.
There'sareasonyoudon'trememberanythingfromwhenyouwereababy:
Yourbrainjustwasn'twiredtorecordinformationthatway.Infants(婴儿)usetheirmemorieswhentheyfirststarttowalk,talk,eatandlearningeneral,butthatallfallsintothenon-declarativememorycategory(非陈述性记忆范畴).Declarativememory,ontheotherhand,describetheeventsthathappenedtoyou,andit'sspecialtothehippocampusregion(海马区)ofthebrain.Forexample,peoplewithhippocampaldamagecan'ttellyoumuchabouttheirownlives,buttheycanstillwalkortalk.
Inthefirstcoupleyearsofachild'slife,thehippocampusisinoverdrive.Itkeepsgrowingneurons(神经元)tomakeroomforallthenewinformationtheyoungbrainisabsorbing.Thisiswhatallowsbabiestolearnsomuchatsuchafastrate,butitalsomeanstheyhavetosacrificetheirlong-termdeclarativememory.Asnewneuronsform,oldonesarepushedout,alongwiththeautobiographical(自传体的)memoriestheystored.
Itisn'tuntilage2thatthisgrowthstartstoslowdownandthehippocampusbecomesabletosavedeclarativememoriesforalongerperiod.Butadultscanstillfeelsuretheyremembereventsfrommuchearlier.Whenresearchersasked6,641studyparticipantstodescribetheirfirstmemoriesandsayhowoldtheywerewhentheyhappened,2,487peoplereportedmemoriesfrombeforeage2.
Asthesenumberssuggest,it'ssurprisinglyeasytobelievethestoriesyoutellyourselforthatweretoldtoyouaretrue,first-handrecollections.Forexample,youclearlyrememberdroppingyouricecreamconeatthezoowhenyouwere1.5yearsold.What'slikelyhappeningisthatyou'rerememberingthepicturethatplayedinyourheadwhenyourparentssharedtheirownmemoriesoftheeventwhenyouwereafewyearsolder,ormaybeyousawpicturestakenfromthatdayandyouformedfalsememoriesaroundthem.
Memorydoesn'tbecomesimpleraswegrowup.Evenpeoplewithsuperautobiographicalmemoryare,susceptible(易受影响的)tofalsememories.
(1)Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?
A.Brainscanchangefalsememoriesintorealones.
B.Babiesbeforeage2canhardlyrememberhowtowalk
C.Mostadultsremembereverythingfromtheirearlyages
D.Declarativememoriesdescribethethingshappenedtous
(2)Theword"sacrifice"inParagraph3probablymeans“________”.
A.giveup
B.carefor
C.workout
D.connectwith
(3)Someadultsreportedmemoriesfrombeforeage2because________.
A.theysavemoredeclarativememoriesthanotherpeople
B.theymightrememberpicturestheirparentssharedlater
C.theymighthavelargerbrainstostoretheinformation
D.theyareinfluencedbythefastgrowthoftheirbrains
(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Children'sdevelopmentbeforeage2isimportant.
B.Brainssavedifferentmemoriesindifferentareas.
C.Researchesoninfantshaveledtoanewdiscovery.
D.People'smemoriesbeforeage2areprobablylies.
3Thebellrings,thelockersslam,andthecrowdedhallwaysemptyaskidsandteachersfilltheclassrooms,readytobeginanewschoollay.Studentsstudymath,science,history,literature,musicandart.Theywriteessays,taketests,dohomeworkandattendsportspractices.Butshouldtheydomore?
Couldschoolheaplacewherestudentsarepartofsomethingbiggerthanjustschoolworkandactivities?
Theanswerisyes.Ourschoolshouldjoinotherschoolsincarryingoutacitizenshipprogramthatwillrequireserviceprojectswithintheschool.
Myprimaryschooltookpartinacitizenshipprogram.Atthebeginningofeachterm,everyclasshadtocomeupwithaprojectthatwouldbenefittheentireschool.Throughoutthetermstudentsintheclassworkedtogethertocompletetheproject.Attheendofthegradingperiod,eachstudentreceivedacitizenshipgradeinadditiontohisorhersubjectgrades.
Inmyprimaryschool,theprojectsstudentschosewerediverse(多种多样).Oneclasschosetostartarecyclingprograminthecafeteria.Anotherclasspaintedabeautifulpictureononeofthewallsintheschool'sentryway.Myclasstookoverthegardenthathadbeenplantednearthefrontdoors.Acitizenshipprogramatourschoolwouldoffermanybenefits.Researchshowsthatstudentswhovolunteertheirtimeandtalentsfeelbetteraboutthemselvesandgetbettergradesinschool.Furthermore,theworkperformedbystudentssavestheschoolmoneybecausestudentsprovidethelabor(劳动力)andlocalbusinessesoftendonatethematerials.Finally,studentsfeelmoreconnectedtoacampus(校园)thattheyhavehelpedclean,beautifyandorganize.
Acitizenshipprogramisagreatwaytogetstudentsinvolvedinmakingtheirschoolamoreenjoyableplacetolearn.Attheendoftheyear,whentheylookbackonalltheyhaveachieved,theyfeelproudofboththemselvesandtheirschool.Let'sgivestudentsatourschoolanopportunitytoexperiencethatpridebybeginningacitizenshipprogramhere.
(1)Whatprojectdidthewriter'sclassdoinprimaryschool?
A.Theytookcareofthegardennearthefrontdoors.
B.Theystartedarecyclingprograminthecafeteria.
C.Theypaintedabeautifulpictureononeofthewalls.
D.Theydonatedmaterialstosavemoneyfortheschool.
(2)Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.
A.schoolsshouldheplacesforsomethingaboutschoolwork
B.citizenshipprogramsshouldbecarriedoutoutsideschool
C.schoolsandstudentscanbothbenefitfromcitizenshipprograms
D.studentscangetcitizenshipgradesinsteadoftheirsubjectgrades
(3)What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthepassage?
A.Tocallonbusinessestoofferhelpandsuggestions,
B.Toadvisehisschooltostartcitizenshipprograms.
C.Toletstudentsknowaboutcitizenshipprograms.
D.Tointroducesomeinterestingschoolactivities.
4阅读下列短文。
根据短文内容,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
ForgetfulNick
AfterschoolonFriday,whenNickgothome,hesawGrandpa’scar!
Nicksmiledandwalkedquicklyupthefrontsidewalk.
HereachedthedoorandsaidhellotoGrandpa.ThenMomcalledfromthekitchen.“Putawayyourschoolbagfirst.”
Nick’ssmilevanished(消失).“Oh,no,”hesaid,“Iforgottobringmyschoolbaghome.”
Momwasangry.“Nick,youforgotyourschoolbagagain!
Youneedtobemorecareful!
”
GrandpaturnedtoNickandwinked(眨眼),“I’mafraidyouinherited(遗传)yourforgetfulnessfromme,Nick.Yourgrandmausedtocallme‘ForgetfulJones’.”
Grandpa’swordsmadeNickfeelalittlebetter.Buthestillfeltmadathimself.
Afterdinner,Grandpasuggestedgoingforawalk.Astheywalkedaroundthecorner,Grandpasaid,“I’lltellyoualittlesecret,Nick.We’rethesame.Weliketodothings,makethingsandhavefun!
That’swhywesometimesforgetthings.”
“ButGrandpa,howdidyoustopforgetting?
HowcanIstopforgetting?
”Nickasked.
“Well,”saidGrandpa,“Iknowafewtricks(窍门).Iusethemtohelpmerememberimportantthings.Forexample,it’simportanttoturnoffmycarlightswhenIparkthecar.SoeverytimeIgetinthecar,Iputmynotebookinmylap(大腿).”
“Isawit!
”saidNick.“Ialwayswonderedwhyyoudidthat!
”
“Nowyouknowmysecret,”saidGrandpa,“It’sasimplelittletrick,butitworks.Whydon’tweputourheadstogetherandcomeupwithaschoolbag-rememberingtrick?
”
(1)Nick’ssmilevanishedwhenheknew________.
A.hisgrandpacame
B.hismomwasinthekitchen
C.heforgothisschoolbag
D.hismomwasangry
(2)WhousedtocallNick’sgrandpa“ForgetfulJones”?
A.Nick.
B.Nick’smom.
C.Nick’sdad.
D.Nick’sgrandma.
(3)WhatdidNickandhisgrandpadoafterdinner?
A.Theywentforawalk.
B.Theyturnedoffthecarlights.
C.Theyboughtanotebook.
D.TheylookedforNick’sschoolbag.
(4)Fromthestory,wecanknowNick’sgrandpais________.
A.strange
B.helpful
C.strict
D.proud
5ABritishgirl,TarynEverdeen,hasjustfinishedwritinganovel(小说)withherfavoritewriter,CarolynMeyer,eventhoughsheis66yearsyoungerthanher.
Tarynwasonly15yearsold,whenshefirstwroteafanletterto81-year-oldCarolynMeyer,togivethanksforherhistoricalnovels.
"Carolynwasoneofmyfavoritewriters.Igrewupreadingherbooks.WhenIwasnineorten,Iwouldlistentoherstorieseverynight…Thatmademefallinlovewithhistory,"saysTaryn.
Taryn,whoisfromNorwich,England,wasthensurprisedwhenCarolynwrotebackandsuggestedwritinganoveltogether.
CarolynisanAmericanwriterwhowritesnovelsforchildrenandyoungpeople.Shehaspublished(出版)over60childrenbooks,butshehasneverwantedtoworkwithanotherwriteruntilshegotTaryn'sletter.
Threeyearsago,afterTarynwrotetoher,CarolyninvitedtheyounggirltostaywithherintheUS,sotheycouldwriteanoveltogether.Theydecided(决定)towriteatime-travelingstory.Theysentideastoeachotherbyemail.CarolynalsovisitedTarynlastyear,andTarynflewtotheUSoverthesummer,aftershefinishedherschoolexams.
Theynowhaveafirstdr