学年广西钦州市高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版+听力.docx

学年广西钦州市高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版+听力.docx

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学年广西钦州市高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版+听力

绝密★启用前

广西钦州市2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

评卷人

得分

一、阅读理解

Didyouevernoticeyourshadowatdifferenttimesoftheday?

Shadowschangeasthedaygoeson.

Inthemorningthesunmakeslongshadows.Inthemiddleoftheday,thesunseemstoberightoveryourheadandyourshadowisvery,verysmall.Asthesungoesdownintheafternoon,shadowsgrowverylongagain.Butthelongafternoonshadowsfallinadifferentdirectionfromthelongmorningshadows.

Long,longagopeopletoldtimebytheshadows.Putapieceofpaperinthesunlight.Standapencilinaspoolinthemiddleofthepaper.Theshadowofthepencilwillfallonthepaperandmoveasthedaygoeson.Useawatchandeveryhourmarkstheplacewheretheshadowfalls.Nowyourpaperisasundial（通过太阳辨别时间的日规）andyoucantelleverysunnyday.Justlookatyourpapersundialandseewheretheshadowfalls.

1．Whendoshadowschange?

A．Shadowschangeintheevening.B．Shadowschangewhenitisraining.

C．Shadowschangeasthedaygoeson.D．Shadowschangewhenitissnowing.

2．Whathappenstoone’sshadowasthesungoesdownintheafternoon?

A．Hecan’tseehisshadow.B．Hisshadowbecomeslongagain.

C．Hisshadowbecomesshort.D．Hisshadowbecomesugly.

3．Whatdoesoneneedtomakeasundial?

A．Apencil,awatchandaspool.

B．Awatch,apieceofpaperandapencil.

C．Aspool,apieceofpaperandawatch.

D．Apieceofpaper,apencilandaspool.

【答案】

1．C

2．B

3．D

【解析】

【分析】

试题分析：

这是一篇说明文。

主要讲述影子随着时间的推移而改变，很久以前人们是通过观察影子的变化来识别时间的。

1．细节理解题。

由第一段的“Shadowschangeasthedaygoeson.”可知，影子随着时间的推移而改变。

故选C。

2．细节理解题。

由第二段的“Asthesungoesdownintheafternoon,shadowsgrowverylongagain.”可知，当太阳在下午落下时，影子又变长了。

故选B。

3．细节理解题。

由最后一段的“Putapieceofpaperinthesunlight.Standapencilinaspoolinthemiddleofthepaper.Theshadowofthepencilwillfallonthepaperandmoveasthedaygoeson.”可知，制作日规需要一张纸，一支铅笔和一个线轴。

故选D。

Areyoucarryingtoomuchonyourbackatyourbackatschool?

I’msurelotsofchildrenofyouragewillsay“Yes”.NotonlythestudentsinChinahavethisproblem,butchildrenintheUnitedStatesalsohaveheavyschoolbags.

Doctorsarestartingtoworrythatyoungerandyoungerstudentsarehavingbackandneckproblemsasaresultofschoolbagsbeingtooheavyforthem.

“It’shardformetogoupstairswithmybagbecauseit’ssoheavy,”saidRickHammond,an11-year-oldstudentintheUS.

Rickisamongstudentswhohavecommonschoolbagswithtwostraps（带子）tocarrythem,butmanyotherstudentschooserolling（有滚轮的）bags.

Butevenwithrollingbags,gettingupstairsandbusesisstillaproblemforchildren.Manyofthemhavehurttheirbacksandnecksbecauseoftheheavyschoolbags.

Buthowmuchistoomuch?

Doctorssaystudentsshouldcarrynomorethan10%to15%oftheirownbodyweight.

ScoutBatch,abackdoctor,saidchildrenunderGrade4shouldstaywith10%.Butitisalsoimportantthatolderchildrendon’tstaywithover15%,becausetheirbodiesarestillgrowing.

“Childrenarelosingtheirbalanceandfallingdownwiththeirschoolbags,”hesaid.

Parentsandteachersarestartingtotellchildrentoonlytakehomelibrarybookstheywillbereadingthatnight.Someteachersareusingpiecesofpaperorthinworkbooksforstudentstotakehome.

Oneofthebestanswersis,assomechildrensaid,tohavenohomeworkatall!

4．Fromthepassagewecanknowthat________.

A．onlychildreninChinacarrytooheavyschoolbags

B．childreninothercountriesdon’tcarrytooheavybags

C．bothchildreninChinaandtheUScarrytooheavyschoolbags

D．onlychildrenintheUScarrytooheavyschoolbags

5．Ifachildcarriesaheavyschoolbag________.

A．hisfeetwillbehurtB．hisheadandarmswillbehurt

C．hishandswillbehurtD．hisbackandneckwillbehurt

6．Accordingtothedoctor,ScottBatch,ifachildinGrade5weighs（重）about30kilos,theschoolbaghecarriesshouldnotbeover________.

A．5kilosB．3kilosC．5.5kilosD．4.5kilos

7．Somestudentsthinkthebestanswertothisproblemisthat________.

A．theyshouldhavealittlehomeworktodoaftertheygethome

B．theyshouldonlytakehomelibrarybookstheywillreadthatnight

C．theirteachershadbetternotaskthemtodoanyhomework

D．theyshouldusethinworkbooksinsteadofthickones

【答案】

4．C

5．D

6．D

7．C

【解析】

【分析】

试题分析：

这是一议论文。

主要阐述了书包太重给学生带来的问题。

中美学生的书包都很重，这会对学生的身体造成不良影响。

专家对此提出了建议，并号召老师和家长采取适当的措施。

4．细节理解题。

由第一段的“NotonlythestudentsinChinahavethisproblem,butchildrenintheUnitedStatesalsohaveheavyschoolbags.”可知，不但中国学生有书包太重这个问题，而且美国也有，故选C。

5．推理判断题。

由第二段“Doctorsarestartingtoworrythatyoungerandyoungerstudentsarehavingbackandneckproblemsasaresultofschoolbagsbeingtooheavyforthem.”可知，是书包重导致的结果，如果一个孩子书包太重，他的背和脖子会疼。

故选D。

6．数字计算题。

由第六段的“中Doctorssaystudentsshouldcarrynomorethan10%to15%及don’tstaywithover15%”可知，最大的承受量是30*15%＝4.5，故选D。

7．细节理解题。

由最后一段的“Oneofthebestanswersis,assomechildrensaid,tohavenohomeworkatall‘’可知，许多学生认为最好的解决办法是说不要做任何的作业，故选C。

Sometimesknownas“TheBigApple”or“theCityThatNeverSleeps”,NewYorkisboththemostpopulouscityintheUSAandaleadingcenterofbusiness,commerce,financeandmedia.Thecityisoftenreferredtoas“NewYorkCity”,inordertodistinguishitfromthestateitisin.Thecityispartofalargemetropolitan（大都市的）area,andthecombinedcitypopulationexceeds18.7million.

NewYorkCityismadeupoffiveboroughs（行政区）andhenceanothernicknameofthecityis“TheFiveBoroughs”.Thefiveboroughsare:

TheBronx,Brooklyn,Manhattan,QueensandStatenIsland.

TherearemanyfamousbuildingsandsightsinNewYork,especiallyinManhattan.TheseincludetheEmpireStateBuilding,theFlatironBuildingandtheUnitedNationsBuilding.WhenyouvisitNewYork,makesureyouseeCentralPark,TimesSquare,Chinatown,LittleItalyandofcoursetheStatueofLiberty.Additionally,therearemanywonderfulmuseumsinNewYork,sometrulyexcellentshops,someoftheworld’sbesttheatersintheBroadwayarea,andtheneighborhoodsofGreenwichVillageandSoHowhicharewell-knownfortheartistswhoresidethere.

GettingaroundNewYorkCityissimple—thecity’ssubwaynetworkisoneofthemostcomprehensiveintheworld,connectingallpartsofManhattaninrapidtime.

However,thebestwaytoseeNewYorkisundoubtedlyonfoot.CentralParkisanidealplacetostartawalkingtourofNewYorkCity—843acresofshiningpondsandlushgreeneryattractlocalsandtourists.Andapartfromofferingbreathtakingscenery,itisacentreforrecreation.Visitorscanlistentomusicgroups,watchperformers,walkalongthetrailsandeventakearomanticrideinahorsecarriage.

8．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

A．ToexplainwhyNewYorkiscalled“TheBigApple”.

B．TotellpeoplehowtovisitNewYork.

C．TotellpeoplethehistoryandsceneryofNewYork.

D．Tointroducethecity—NewYorkbriefly.

9．Fromthepassage,welearnthat________.

A．NewYorkhassomeoftheworld’sbesttheatersintheBroadwayarea

B．NewYorkStateisoftencalled“TheFiveBoroughs”

C．allthefamousbuildingsandsightsinNewYorkareinManhattan

D．thewriteradvisepeopletoseeNewYorkCitybysubway

10．Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto________.

A．NewYorkStateB．NewYorkCityC．TimesSquareD．CentralPark

11．Accordingtothepassage,youcandoallthefollowingthingsinCentralParkEXCEPT________.

A．enjoythebeautifulsceneryB．watchgreatperformance

C．goforaswimD．takearideonahorsecarriage.

【答案】

8．D

9．A

10．D

11．C

【解析】

【分析】

试题分析：

这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了美国纽约的概况以及它的行政区划，旅游交通等等。

8．写作意图题。

通读全文可知，第一段介绍了纽约的概况，接下来依次介绍了纽约的五个区，旅游胜地以及交通。

因此推断本文的写作目的是简单地介绍纽约。

故选D。

9．细节理解题。

由第三段的“someoftheworld’sbesttheatersintheBroadwayarea”可知，在纽约的百老汇地区有许多世界上最好的剧院。

故选A。

10．词义替代题。

由上下文语境可知it指的是“CentralPark”中央公园是一个理想的步行游览纽约市的地方，此处说明除了提供令人叹为观止的风景外，它还是一个娱乐中心。

故选D。

11．细节理解题。

由最后一段的“Andapartfromofferingbreathtakingscenery,itisacentreforrecreation.Visitorscanlistentomusicgroups,watchperformers,walkalongthetrailsandeventakearomanticrideinahorsecarriage.”可知，除了提供令人叹为观止的风景外，它还是一个娱乐中心。

游客可以在这里听音乐，观看表演者，沿着小径散步，甚至可以乘坐马车进行浪漫地兜风。

故选C。

【点睛】

作者意图题包括意图、态度和目的。

不同的文章可以有不同的的写作目的，主要有：

1）toentertainreaders（娱乐读者，让人发笑）这种写作意图常见于故事类的文章；2）topersuadereaders，tosellaproductoraservice（说服读者接受某种观点）这种写作意图通常通过对旅游景点、报纸杂志、影片、电视节目等的介绍来达到写作目的；吸引更多的游客、读者或客户、观众等；3）toinformreader（告知读者某些信息）这种写作意图多见于科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或者社会类的文章，了解这类文章的写作目的依靠对文章的正确把握，阅读时找准主题句或较好的对主题思想的归纳。

例如小题1，就属于第三种写作意图，要求考生通读全文掌握大意，第一段介绍了纽约的概况，接下来依次介绍了纽约的五个区，旅游胜地以及交通。

因此推断本文的写作目的是向读者简单地介绍纽约。

故选D。

TheHealthyHabitsSurveyshowsthatonlyaboutonethirdofAmericanseniorshavecorrecthabits.Herearesomefindingsandexpertadvice.

1.Howmanytimesdidyoubrushyourteethyesterday?

Finding:

Afull3%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday

Step:

Removethe300typesofbacteriainyourmoutheachmorningwithabattery-operatedtoothbrush.Brushgentlyfor2minutesatleasttwiceaday.

2.Howmanytimesdidyouwashyourhandsorbatheyesterday?

Finding:

Seniors,onaverage,bathefewerthan3daysaweek.Andnearly30%washtheirhandsonly4timesaday—halfofthenumberdoctorsrecommend.

Step:

Wetouchourfacesaround3,000timesaday—ofteninvitinggerms（病菌）toenterourmouth,nose,andeyes.Usetoiletpapertoavoidtouchingthedoorhandle.And,mostimportantly,washyourhandsoftenwithhotrunningwaterandsoapfor20seconds.

3.Howoftendoyouthinkaboutfightinggerms?

Finding:

Seniorsarenotfightinggermsaswellastheyshould.

Step:

Beawareofgerms.Doyouknowitisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchensponge（海绵）thatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse?

Tokillthesegerms,k