高中英语人教版选修8练习Unit 3 Inventors and inventions.docx

高中英语人教版选修8练习Unit 3 Inventors and inventions.docx

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高中英语人教版选修8练习Unit3Inventorsandinventions

Unit3Inventorsandinventions

[导语]　谈起“发明”，我们脑中浮现的总是飞机、大炮、电脑等这些高科技产品。

而下面的几个小发明虽然与高科技毫不沾边，但却同样能为我们的生活带来极大便利。

Ideasforcreatingasmallinvention

Asmallinventioncandobigthingswhenitcomestomakingataskeasiertodo.Whenlookingforasmallinventionidea，startbycheckingyourkitchendrawersandcabinets.Istheresomethingyouneedtohelpyouinatask?

Lookinthebathroomandseeifyoucanimproveonthewaysomethingworks.Ifyoucancreateanitemthatdoesajobaroundthehouse,youhaveasmallinventionofyourown.

Kitchen

Dinnerplateshavenotchangedincenturiesexceptforthedifferentmaterialsusedtomakethem.Whenyouneedtostoreleftoverdinners，youusuallywraptheminaluminumfoilandplasticwrap.Dinnerplatecoverswouldsavemoneyandlookmuchneaterthantheusualdisposablecovers.

Aspaghettidrainerflexibleenoughtofitinsideapotwouldbeatooleverycookwouldhaveinstock.Youwouldbeabletotakethepastaoutoftheboilingwateranddrainitatthesametime，savingthecookfrompickingupaheavypotofboilingwater.

Bathroom

Abathroomtoiletpaperdispenserthathasanextrarollreadywillsolvetheproblemofrunningoutofthenecessarytissuepaper.Thiscanofferarescuewhenyourinconsideratefamilymemberhasemptiedthetoiletpaperroll.

[词海拾贝]

1．cabinetn．贮藏柜，陈列柜

2．aluminumfoil铝箔

3．drainern．过滤器

4．dispensern．自动取物器

[问题思考]

判断正误（T/F）。

1．Dinnerplateshavenotchangedincenturies.（　　）

2．Aspaghettidrainercansavethecookfrompickingupaheavypotofboilingwater.（　　）

答案：

1.F　2.T

Ⅰ.为单词选择正确的释义

1．courtyard　　　　A．直升机

2．perfumeB．鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明

3．validC．清白的；无罪的；天真的

4．stringD．三角形；三角形物体

5．identificationE．有效的；确凿的

6．innocentF．院子；庭院；天井

7．lanternG．版本；译本

8．helicopterH．线；绳子；一串

9．triangleI．香水；香味

10．versionJ．灯笼；提灯

答案：

1－F　2－I　3－E　4－H　5－B　6－C　7－J　8－A　9－D　10－G

Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词

1．________n．专利证书；专利权

2．________n．产品

3．________n．粉末；火药

4．________n．立方体；立方

5．________vt.抓住；捉住；夺

6．________n．文件；档案；文件夹

7．________adj.冰冻的；严寒的

8．________vt.拨（电话）

9．________vt.忍受；忍耐；负担

10．________n．额头

答案：

1.patent　2.product　3.powder　4.cube　5.seize　6.file　7.freezing　8.dial　9.bear　10.forehead

Ⅲ.根据英语释义写出单词

1．________：

suddenly

2．________：

veryeasyandsuitable

3．________：

tellthedifference

4．________：

kindandforgivable

5．________：

withoutanystain

6．________：

standard

7．________：

notpositive，negative

8．________：

happy，pleased

9．________：

carefulness

10．________：

stronghopeorbeliefs

11．________：

smallroundmark

12．________：

alighthitwithyourhandorfingers

13．________：

fulloforproducingpowerandactivity

14．________：

firmlyestablishedorfixed;notlikelytomoveorchange

15．________：

（causeto）joinasfriendsorbusinesspartners

16．________：

ofthepresenttime；happeningnow

17．________：

（anexampleof）theactofextendingorbeingextended

18．________：

effectiveorconvenientinactualuse

19．________：

theabilitytodosomethingwelloreffectively

答案：

1.abruptly　2.convenient　3.distinguish

4．merciful　5.stainless　6.criterion　7.passive

8．merry　9.caution　10.expectation　11.dot

12．tap　13.dynamic　14.stable　15.associate

16．current　17.extension　18.practical

19．competence

Ⅳ.选用正确短语的适当形式完成句子

nowandthen；distinguishbetween...and...；setabout；withcaution；diveinto；beassociatedwith；getthrough；hangon；outoforder；callup；ringback；setout；ringoff

1．Sorry，Ihaveto________．It'stimeformetogotowork.

2．Thereisasignovertheresayingtheliftis________，sowe'llhavenochoicebuttorunupthestairs.

3．Withfacemasks，airtanksanddivingsuits，mencan________deepwaterandbeathomewiththefish.

4．Theseconcernsmay________strongfeelingssuchasangerorshame.

5．What'swrongwithyourtelephone?

Ican't________allthetime.

6．AfterhegotintouchwiththeRedCross，MrGreen________tohelpthesehomelesswomenandchildrentoasafeplace.

7．Please________．Iwillwritedownyourtelephonenumberandlethimringbacklater.

8．He'snotin;whydon'tyou________after6o'clock?

9．Oh，mydear!

Couldyou________right________wrong?

10．Dadalwaysdrives________，soheisrecognizedasoneofthebestdrivers.

11．Thepicture________him________thetimewhenhewasbroughtupinthevillage.

12．Assoonasmymothercamehomeafterwork，she________preparingdinnerforus.

13．Whilegivingthespeech，MrLireferredtohisnotebook________．

答案：

1.ringoff　2.outoforder　3.diveinto

4．beassociatedwith　5.getthrough　6.setout

7．hangon　8.ringback　9.distinguishbetween　and

10．withcaution　11.called　up　12.setabout

13．nowandthen

课文表层理解

Ⅰ.判断正（T）误（F）

1．Inthispassage，thewriterwantedtoencouragethereaderstoconsidercarefullytheproblemsindailylife.（　　）

2．Thewriterwassuccessfultocatchthesnakesinthesecondattempt.（　　）

3．Aninventorcaneasilygetthepatentfortheinvention.（　　）

4．Ifyouhaveascientifictheoryormathematicalmodel，youcangetapatent.（　　）

5．Ifyourinventionspassthetest，yourapplicationforapatentwillbepublished17monthsfromthedateyouapply.（　　）

答案：

1.T　2.F　3.F　4.F　5.F

Ⅱ.读课文，完成表格

Whymymotherwasupset

Motherwas1.________．Snakescamenearthehouse2.________，andseemedtohavemadetheirhomenotfarfromthewalnuttree.

Myfirstattempt

I3.________researchingthehabitsofsnakestofindthe4.________wayto5.________them.Idecidedtotrycoolingthem，butfailed.

Mysecondattempt

Ifrozethebowlandice－cubesagain，but6.________themwherethesnakeswerelivingintheevening.Thenextmorningthesnakeswere7.________，butstillable　tobite.Ifailedagain.

Mythirdattempt

Irepeatedthesecondprocedure，butthistimeI8.________asmallfishingnet9.________thatthesnakeswouldtrytobiteagain.Thistimethesnakeswerepassive.Icollectedthem，tookthemtothewild，andsetthemfree.

Result

Isentan10.________tothePatentOffice，wishingtopatentmyinvention.

答案：

1.upset　2.nowandthen　3.setabout　4.easiest　5.trap　6.placed　7.sleepy　8.held

9．intheexpectation　10.application

课文深层理解

Ⅰ.主旨匹配

Part1（Para.1）　　　A．Theresearchontheapproaches.

Part2（Paras.2～3）B．Theattemptstocatchthesnakes.

Part3（Paras.4～6）C．Therequirementsofgettingapatent.

Part4（Paras.7～8）D．Thediscoveryoftheproblemsofsnakes.

答案：

Part1－D　Part2－A　Part3－B　Part4－C

Ⅱ.单项选择

1．Thebiggestadvantageofthewriter'snewideaisthat________.

A．itmakesthesnakesmoveslowly

B．itmakesthesnakeshardlybiteus

C．itiseasierforustokillthesnakeswithouthurtingourselves

D．itiseasierforustocatchthesnakeswithoutkillingthem

2．Howdidthewritercatchthesnakes?

A．Byusingsomethingthesnakeswereinterestedintoattractthemintoatrap.

B．Bytakingtheirhabitattoanotherplace.

C．Byplacingthesnakesatalowtemperatureforthemtosleep，thuscatchingthem.

D．Alltheabove.

3．Thewriterwassuccessfultocatchthesnakesin________attempt.

A．thefirst　　　　　B．thesecond

C．thethirdD．every

4．Whatdoes“novel”meaninLine44ofthepassage?

A．Literaryworks.

B．Significant.

C．Differentfromanythingknownbefore.

D．Fresh.

5．Fromthetext,wecanlearnthat________．

A．friendshipiseasierlostthanfound

B．agoodbookisthebestoffriends,thesametodayandforever

C．goodmedicinetastesbitter

D．nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit

答案：

1.A　2.C　3.C　4.C　5.D

Ⅲ.领会下列句子所用的句型并尝试译成汉语

1．ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme，butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.

_______________________________________________________

2．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.

_______________________________________________________

3．Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.

_______________________________________________________

答案：

1.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我，但看来只有一种毒杀虫蛇的药粉。

2．只有获得了那种认证后，你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。

3．（评价）标准是很严格的；除非新的想法是很新颖的，否则很难被接受。

Ⅳ.课文缩写

WhenI1.________mymotheronthephoneshewasveryupset，becausesomesnakescamenearherhouse2.________.Ithoughtitwasachanceformeto3.________myselfbyinventingsomething4.________thatwouldgetridofthesnakes.I5.________researchingthehabitsofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrapthem.FinallyIdecidedonthreepossible6.________．Myfirsttwoattemptsbothfailed，soIhadtoimprovemydesignagain.Tomygreatdelight，thistimeIsucceeded.Allwasin7.________andatlastIcollectedthe　8.________snakesand9.________releasedthemallbackintothewild.Pressedbymyfriendsandrelations，Idecidedto10.________theopportunitytogetrecognitionformysuccessfulideabysendingmyinventionto　thepatentoffice.

答案：

1.calledup　2.nowandthen　3.distinguish

4．merciful　5.setabout　6.approaches

7．expectation　8.passive　9.merrily　10.seize

如何写求职信

求职信属于应用文中的书信类。

写作时，要注意书信的基本格式。

首先，要注意开篇交代句、末尾总结句和常识性语句，提高文章的呼应性。

开篇句往往交代得知消息的渠道，并表明求职心愿，如“I'velearnedfromthenewspaperthatyouareemployinga．..andI'mveryinterestedinit.”。

末尾句往往表达希望能很快收到答复的迫切愿望并表明感激之情，如“Iwouldbeverythankfulifyouwouldgivemeanearlyreply.”。

第二，求职信往往需要介绍自己的姓名、年龄、身高、健康状况、业余爱好、特长、工作态度及人际关系等。

常见的短语有beingoodhealth、begoodat、beexpertin、haverichworkingexperience、enjoydoingsth.inone'ssparetime、bestrictwith、bekindto、getonwellwith等。

此外，要防止遗漏要点。

如果是针对广告招聘的求职信，应认真阅读广告，明确招聘要求，并对照自己的条件，逐一加以介绍，同时还要注上自己的通讯地址和联系方式。

注意：

1.篇幅不宜太长，要简明扼要；

2．态度要诚恳，实事求是；

3．所展示的信息要精炼且有针对性；

4．语气要客气、礼貌；

5．可用各种时态，通常用一般现在时和一般过去时。

[常用句型]

1．开头，说明写求职信的缘由与动机。

Iwouldliketoapplytobecomea（n）．..inyourcompany.

Intoday'snewspaperInoticedyouradvertisementfor...

I'mwritingthislettertoapplyfor...

2．正文，介绍个人情况。

Igraduatedfrom...

Iammajo